valves

Objectives :

 What is the valve?

 Types of valves

 maintenance Valve
 What is the valve?
A valve is a device that regulates, directs or
controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids,
fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing,
or partially obstructing various passageways.
fluid flows in a direction from higher pressure to
lower pressure
what are Types of valves ?
 Ball Valve

Spherical valve is one of the most common types of valves. The ball valve
consists of a hollow ball containing an internal cavity that passes through the
center and allows the current to flow in parallel with the tube. Where the
cavity refers to the tube in parallel to the valve is open and the cavity is
orthogonal with the tubes to close the valve.
The ball valve is used to control current flow and quantity in two closure
cases
Total and total opening can not be used to control the amount of current
Because the partial aperture will wear the internal parts due to friction and a
significant reduction in pressure
 Ball Valve

The seat is usually circumferential, consisting

of soft material to provide a tight closure. The
.
seat can be made from either plastic or metal.
Spherical valves are not recommended in
partially open condition. Due to the
incompatibility between the flow direction and
the opening of the plug, a significant drop in
pressure occurs in a partially open
condition. ?? Because of the challenges
identified above, ball valves are mostly used in
closure applications. Ball valves are usually
used in steam, water, oil, gas, air, and
corrosive liquids. They can handle clay and
dusty dry fluids. Do not use ball valves with
abrasives and fibers as they pose the risk of
seat damage and plug stopper.
 Ball Valve

Operating conditions of the ball valve: carrying pressure up to 1000 bar and
temperature of 400 o.

The maintenance of the ball valve depends on the spare parts in the cases of smuggling
or Teflon spare between the teeth of the chairs and nobility and ball parts if worn,
which are usually made of chrome steel and check the status of the valve periodically in
terms of follow-up rust and the friction between The current and the ball

LED components: 1 - Outer cover 2 - Chair 3 - Ball

4. Manual handle 5. Install rod
Ball Valve
 Globe Valve

Globe valve is a linear motion type of valves and is typically used in both on-
off and throttling applications. In globe valves, the flow of the fluid through
valve follows an S-path. Due to this, the flow direction changes twice which
results in higher pressure drops. Due to other advantages offered by them,
they are widely used in applications where pressure drop through the valve
is not a controlling factor. 
These valves are generally not used beyond sizes larger than NPS 12 (DN 300)
as enormous forces are exerted on the stem to open or close the valve under
fluid pressures. Globe valves require high pressures on the seat to keep it
closed when the fluid exerts pressure from the bottom of the disc. 
They are used for both on-off and throttling applications but special types of
trims are required for throttling applications where large pressure drops are
involved. These valves can be used in three configurations, depending upon
the applications-
a. Tee pattern b. Angle Pattern  c. Wye Pattern 
When the disc is removed from the stem and allowed to rest on its own
weight, globe valves can be used as non-return valves. Machining of seats is
easier and cheaper compared to other types of valves
 Globe Valve

Because its design is most used to throttle or reduce flow, it can also be used
in control valves.? The distance between the overall opening position and the
close macro is close. With the possibility of replacing internal parts easily.?
There are many designs for this type of valve so it can be used in control
valves. It needs a lot of energy to move it.

Conical Throttle Valve: The ratio of fluid flow rate to constant value, and the
lower the blowing rate the smaller the area
Customized for throttle placement, this valve is characterized by tightly
closed.

Throttle valve with a throttle hole: The throttle rate intersects with the
amount of throttle opening in linear proportion, and the disadvantages of
non-tightening
 Globe Valve

Because of its design, it is most used to throttle or reduce flow, and can be
used in control valves. • The distance between the open position and the
overall closure is close, and the internal parts can be easily replaced. • There
are many designs for this type of valve so it can be used in valves the control.
It needs a lot of energy to move it for large sizes. And be heavier than other
valves for the same flow rate.? Low cost, simple maintenance.
Of its kind:

Cone Throttle Valve: The flow rate of liquid is reduced by constant value, and
the flow rate decreases as the area becomes smaller
 Customized for throttle placement, this valve is characterized by tightly
closed.

Throttle valve with throttle hole: The throttle rate is proportional to the
amount of throttle opening in linear fit.
 Globe Valve

 Consists of the following parts.

 1. External structure.
 2- The plug.
 3 - Insulation in green.

 These valves are very high operational and decorative.

 Its maintenance is as easy as the interior for easy change. You must be in
a state.
 Plug and lubricate the penis connected to the hand handle.
Globe Valve
 Plug Valve

Similar to ball valves, plug valves are also quarter turn type of valves. This
valve consists of a plug which can be either cylindrical or conical in shape.
The plug has a through slit which remains in-line with the flow in the open
condition. When the plug is turned by 90 Deg., this slit becomes
perpendicular to flow and the valve gets closed.  
Plug valves are well suited to handle fluids with suspended solids, slurries
etc. 

Plug valves are primarily used for on-off applications. When used for
throttling purpose, the pressure drop through the valve is higher because of
misalignment between flow direction and the direction of the opening (slit)
 Plug Valve

Of the valves with circular motion, the name is derived from the shape of the
disk which consists of the valve, and is used for the purposes of total opening
or closure as in the gates of the gate works in difficult working conditions and
bear the pressure of 1000 bar or 5000 pounds per square inch and a
temperature higher than 450 o.
Used for high and low pressure and? The valve works with a handle to move
the cavity
Parallel to the current to allow current to flow.
This valve is one of the least needed valves
For maintenance and periodic maintenance depends on lubrication
Under the disk and under the manual handle
Plug Valve
 Butterfly Valve

Butterfly valves are most simple yet versatile valves. They are quarter turn operated
valves which are commonly used in multiple industries for varied applications.
Quarter turn operation ensures quick operating of the valve. In the open condition
there is minimum obstruction to the fluid flow through the valve as the flow passes
around the disc aerodynamically.

This results in very less pressure drop through the valve. 

Due to its unique mode of operation, the valve can be actuated easily without
requiring high torques and wear and tear.

Due to lack of friction, use of bulky actuators can be avoided. Another advantage
offered by butterfly valve is their compact size. The valve is quite compact,
resembling a metal disc. This makes their installation very easy. They can be used to
handle slurries and fluids with suspended solids as there are no cavities for
deposition of solid particles inside the valve body
 Butterfly Valve

The butterfly valve disc is centered in the middle of the pipe and is
connected to the operator from the outside by the actuator of the
actuator. The disc can be managed in a vertical or parallel direction to the
flow direction where, at full opening, the disc is parallel to the pipe axle
and flow direction. Unlike the ball valve, the disc in the butterfly valve is
always the center of the flow, thus producing a drop for pressure always
regardless of the position of the stop (in terms of opening or closing
ratio).
The butterfly valve is a circular valve with a rotary disk in the middle
and a metal rod. Rotating the leg leads to disc rotation. Used to rotate the
leg several ways. Small diameter valves use a circular circular hand to
open and close them or an arm with a compressor handle. In larger
diameters, operators of different types of electric actuators, air pressure
or hydraulic oil are used. In both cases manual or automatic actuators
 Butterfly Valve

Butterfly valves do not adjust to linear valves in the sense that the flow
passing through the valve does not change linearly with the opening
angle. The resistance of these valves is relatively small at the total
opening and becomes more sensitive to flow control when the opening
angle is between 15 and 70 degrees. The valve has high temperature and
pressure, and it is recommended to perform periodic maintenance
related to ensuring the stability of the mobile disk and providing it with
lubrication to prevent the erosion of parts
Butterfly Valve
 Safety valve
. The safety valve is a valve that has glass makers
Both. It holds this payment somewhere, a heavy-duty crane. It can be
almost increased on wars to be impossible. Safety valves that use springs
are called valves that can cause them to occur.
The spring safety valves operate at a certain pressure where the valve is
opened
Surprisingly, it is considered the first safety line that prevents damage to
systems where they are lifted
The plug after the pressure reaches a certain level is pre-determined and
is done
Change this level by raising or lowering the level of the spring on the
degrees.
Maintenance of safety valves is carried out through the spring spare parts
after a certain age. .
Safety valve
 RELIEVING PRESSURE
It is used to determine the pressure of a particular system that is
controlled by the pressure of the valve so that the opening of this valve is
directly proportional to the increasing pressure of the system, so the
opening of the valve is not surprising, but gradually if the pressure
gradually increases.
The vent valves that use the spring are called exhaust valves, as the
spring tension can be regulated so that the valve will sound bursting,
The relief valve is a valve designed to absorb or discharge excess pressure
to a certain extent not to the point of breaking or damaging the pipes. The
vent valve operation principle is the same as the safety valve, but is
applied at a lower pressure limit than the safety valve. Failure to
discharge pressure comes at a later stage and is similar to safety valve
design, but is different in valve lifting mechanism. The discharge of the
pressure is gradually increased by using a spiral passageway and is easy
to maintain, by changing the plug or spring at a certain age
RELIEVING PRESSURE
 maintenance Valve

 External Leaks

 Internal Leaks

 Frozen movements Levels

 High Noise

 Structural Breakage