Introduction:

Nanogels are called as next generation of drug delivery systems due to their relatively high drug
encapsulation capacity. 
The EM-NG has an inner core composed of hyaluronic acid (HA) nanogel containing SiO2/Fe3O4
nanoparticles, and an endosome membrane based outer shell. (10.1039/c5nr08895j )

EM-NG has low PH Value which helps in drug delivery in cervical cancer cells which is in acidic condition.

Nanogels are ideal candidates for drug codelivery because they have good biocompatibility, excellent
stability, considerable loading capacity, as well as the controlled drug release ability with environmental
stimulation.( doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030290)
objective
• To Introduce Nanogel based cancer treatment instead of
chemotherapy.
• To administrate the chemotherapeutic agents in other forms (i.e.
encapsulated, conjugated, entrapped and loaded) to target the tumors.
• To initiate the use of nanocarrier-based delivery systems to target these
antigen(s) or receptor(s).
 Future perspective:

• Targeted delivery of NGs by surface functionalization is an area that still has

a lot of potential for research in the days to come.
• Development of multitargeted NG systems will result in superior cancer
diagnostics and therapeutics.
• Furthermore, a design of NGs in selected cancer cells needs to be improved
• While nanogel concept registered a noteworthy evolution a
substantial number of unsolved issues regarding their
pharmacodynamics, metabolism and pharmacokinetics, still need
to be overcome.
(https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1526186)
Targeted therapies differ from standard Chemotherapy in several ways:

Targeted Therapy Standard Therapy

Targeted therapies act on specific Most standard chemotherapies act on
molecular targets that are associated all rapidly dividing normal and
with cancer cancerous cells.
Targeted therapies are deliberately Standard chemotherapies were
chosen or designed to interact with identified because they kill cells. 
their target,
Targeted therapies are Standard chemotherapy agents
often cytostatic(that is, they block are cytotoxic(that is, they kill tumor
tumor cell proliferation), cells)
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/targeted-therapies/targeted-therapies-fact-sheet
#:~:text=Targeted%20therapies%20differ%20from%20standard,dividing%20normal%20and%20cancerous
%20cells
.)
How is it determined whether a patient is a candidate for targeted
therapy?

• The use of a targeted therapy may be restricted to patients

whose tumor has a specific gene mutation that codes for
the target; patients who do not have the mutation would
not be candidates because the therapy would have nothing
to target.
• ((
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/targeted-ther
apies/targeted-therapies-fact-sheet#:~:text=Targeted%20therapies%2
0differ%20from%20standard,dividing%20normal%20and%20cancerou
s%20cells
.)
Side effects:
• The most common side effects seen with targeted therapies are diarrhea and liver
problems, such as hepatitis and elevated liver enzymes.  Other side effects seen
with targeted therapies include:
• Skin problems (acneiform rash, dry skin, nail changes, hair depigmentation)
• Problems with blood clotting and wound healing
• High blood pressure
• Gastrointestinal perforation (a rare side effect of some targeted therapies)
• ((
https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/types/targeted-ther
apies/targeted-therapies-fact-sheet#:~:text=Targeted%20therapies%2
0differ%20from%20standard,dividing%20normal%20and%20cancerou
s%20cells
.)
Various applications of NGs:

1. Brain Diseases
2. Cardiovascular Diseases
3. Treatment of Oxidative Stress
4. Diabetes Management
5. Cancer Therapy
6. Tissue Engineering and Gene Therapy
7. Inflammatory Disorders
8. Pain Management
9. Ophthalmic Diseases
10. Autoimmune Diseases

Ref: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jnm/2019/1526186/
Why Nanogels over other drug delivery systems?

1. High biocompatibility

2. High biodegradability

3. Nanogels are inert in the blood stream and the internal aqueous environment

4. Extremely small size, which induces a number of effects such as:

• Enhanced permeation capability.

• Avoidance of rapid renal exclusion.
• Enhanced penetration of endothelium in pathological sites like solid tumors
• Rapid responsiveness to environmental changes such as pH and temperature
Advantages of Nanogels

 Are administered via a variety of routes (oral, pulmonary, nasal etc.)

 Are suitable to both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs,
 Drug loading in nanogels is relatively high
 Bio-macromolecules can be successfully and efficiently encapsulated in the nanogels
 Incorporating drug into the nanogels is easy, spontaneous, and does not necessarily require any chemical
reactions.
 Targeted drug delivery is possible
 Exhibit slower rates of dissociation, better stability lower critical micelle concentrations, and, most
importantly, longer retention of loaded drugs.
Limitations of Nanogels
The only limitations to using nanogels include:
• It is expensive to remove the surfactant and the solvent at the end of the preparation
process.
• Adverse effects may occur if any traces of polymers or surfactant remain in the body
Ref:
https://www.imedpub.com/articles/nanogels-as-novel-drug-delivery-systems--a-review.
php?aid=18950