Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Hormone =
Types:
• peptide or protein = at least 3 amino acids
• steroid = derived from cholesterol
• amine = derived from single amino acids (tryptophan,
tyrosine)
Peptide Hormones
Synthesis/transport/half-life =
Storage?
Synergistic effects of
hormones on blood
glucose concentration
Example of Hormone Regulation – Vasopressin (ADH)
• Regulation of body water is a response to ECF volume changes (in particular, blood
volume)
• When blood volume changes, volume receptors in the blood vessels and atria
respond
• Carotid sinus and aortic baroreceptors
• Afferent nerves from these receptors go to the cardiovascular center in the
brainstem
• Increased pressure would signal the center to
• Decreased pressure would signal the center to
• When blood volume changes, stretch receptors in the atria also respond
• Increased pressure also signals the cardiovascular center to
• Increased pressure signals the hypothalamus (this is where ADH release is
controlled)
• When blood volume
increases, filtration in the
kidney is adjusted so that
more fluid is filtered per
minute
• Typically, under normal
situations, the kidneys are
not under the influence of
ADH and water follows ions
as they pass through the
kidney tubules
• There are few aquaporin
molecules in the cell
membranes of the kidney
collecting ducts in the
absence of ADH. They are
stored inside the cells.
Influence of ADH on the Collecting Ducts
Feedback Loop for ADH
Negative feedback