LESSON 4

THE SCIENCE OF HUMAN

MOVEMENT
LESSON OBJECTIVES
• List the anatomical terminology of human movement.
• Identify the different the anatomical Movement.
What is human movement?
Biomechanics and the body movement- is the science of movement of
a living body. Including how muscles, bones and ligaments work
together to produce such movement.

Human movement science is defined by Frank Stuart (2012) as the

scientific study of how the human body works, with a focus on
improving the workings of the human body for sports, fitness and well-
being.
KEY FACTS ABOUT THE ANATOMICAL
TERMINOLOGY
• Anatomical position- the person is standing upright with the arms
hanging by the side, palms facing forward and the thumbs pointing
away from the body. The feet are slightly parallel and toes oriented to
the front.
 ANATOMICAL PLANES
Imaginary planes that intersect the body, creating slices of various
organs and structures.
DIRECTIONAL TERMS
- Used to described the position and relation between various
structures.
MOVEMENT
• Changing the position of the body part around a certain axis and in one
anatomical planes.
Main types of movement are:
Flexion/extension
Abduction/adduction
Lateral rotation
Medial rotation
Circumduction
Pronation/supination
Inevrsion/eversion
ANATOMICAL REGIONS
• Areas of the human body defined by the landmark provided by
evident structure that are easily visible.
Main regions are:
Head, neck, thorax, abdomen, pelvis, upper and lower extremities.
TYPES OF MOVEMENT

• FLEXION- decreasing the angle between two structure.

EXTENSION- increasing the angle between two structure.

• PLANTARFLEXION- flexion of the plantar (underside) part of the foot.

• DORSOFLEXION- flexion of the dorsum (top) part of the foot.

• ABDUCTION- moving away from the midline.

• ADDUCTION-moving towards from the midline.

• PROTRUSION- moving straight ahead or forward (tongue, mandible)

• RETRUSION- Moving backward (tongue, mandible)

• PROTRACTION- Moving forward and laterally simultaneously

• RETRACTION- Moving backward and medially simultaneously

• DEPRESSION- Moving downwards.

• ELEVATION- moving upward.

• MEDIAL ROTATION- Spiral movement towards the midline.

• LATERAL ROTATION- spiral movement away from the midline

• Rotation (trunk)- twisting motion towards or away from the midline
• Flexion(trunk)- side (lateral flexion) forward (anterior flexion)

• Extension (trunk)- bending backwards

• Pronation- medial rotation of the radius, resulting on the palm of the hand
facing posteriorly.

Supination- lateral rotation of the radius, resulting in the palm of the hand
facing anteriorly.
Circumduction- combined movement starting with flexion, then
abduction, extension and ending with adduction.
• Deviation- movement of the wrist joint towards the radial or ulnar
sides.
• Reposition- separating the pad of any of your finger from the thumb
of the same hand.
• Inversion- plantar side of the foot is moved towards the median plane

Eversion- plantar side of the foot is moved away from the median
plane.