CHALLENGES OF

GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
IN THE 21ST CENTURY
 FOUR SECTORS

1.THE GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF FINANCE

2. THE GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF

SECURITY

3. THE GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF HEALTH

4. THE GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF

MIGRATION
• It is the area in which emerging economies have been most open to talk
about.

• All countries can be affected by international financial crises, with their

vulnerability increased or decreased by global arrangements that create
rules, pool resources and coordinate actions.
• It is the area that is very crucial in the contemporary world.

• Violence, cold wars, battles, disputes, conflicts between countries of high

power disproportionately affecting poor countries.

• A shift in global power towards emerging economies—China, in particular

—has become more obvious. China and other emerging economies have
forged deeper and stronger economic relations with neighbors and across the
developing world. They have rapidly expanded their global markets and
production. As they rely more on global market access, they will
increasingly require global rules to protect that access.
• Global health governance refers to the formal and informal institutions,
norms and processes that govern or directly influence global health policy,
and collectively promote and protect health.

• The risks to health and development caused by globalization

disproportionately affect people in the developing world, as exemplified by
the potential health impacts of climate change and global warming. There
are concerns that negative fallout from the global financial and economic
crises could include cuts to health budgets of resource-limited countries.

• Health and education are often the first victims of budget cuts in times of
limited funding and competing priorities.
• Global governance is rapidly emerging in the area of international migration.

• Migration, by definition, affects more than one state. One state’s

immigration or emigration policies will inherently exert externalities on
another state, and it is beyond the scope of any one country to address
migration in isolation.

• Migration is important to study precisely because different countries have

distinctly different priorities, and these affect their institutional interests and
strategies.