Culture Types and

Elements
Raja Umer
Abdul Samad
Irtza Qureshi
Ibtasam Khan

Anthropology
What is Culture?
Culture is one of the important concepts in Anthropology.
No human society can exist and develop without its
culture.

Culture 2
 DIFFERENCE

• The main difference between the animal and human societies is of culture only
• Animal societies have no culture because they do not have systems of learning and transmitting social
experiences.

DIFFERENCE 3
 Types of Culture
There are two types of culture

• Material Culture
• Non-material Culture

TYPES 4
Material Culture

From material culture we understand

material and physical objects. For
example, house, road, vehicles, pen, table,
radio set, book etc. these are the products
of human efforts to control his
environment and make his life
conformable and safe

Material 5
 Non-material
In non-material culture we include non material
objects. For example religion, art, ideas, customs,
values system, attitudes, knowledge etc. it does not
have physical shape. It is very important in
determining human behavior and has strong hold on
an individual. Both parts are inter-related with each
other.

Non-material 6
Elements of
Culture

Culture is transmitted to
people in many ways. The
most significant are norms,
values, religion, material
symbols, and language.

Elements 7
 There are some elements of culture about which the people
should be aware of.
• Languages,
• Norms,
• Symbols,
• Values,
• Attitude

Elements 8
ELEMENTS
Languages
It is a primary means used to transmit
information and ideas. Knowledge of local
language can help because:
• It permits a clearer understanding of the
situation.
• It provides direct access to local people.
• Understanding of implied meanings.
Elements
Norms
Norm is a rule or standard of behavior shared by
members of a social group.
• Norms define how to behave in accordance
with what a society has defined as good, right,
and important, and most members of the
society adhere to them.  
• It describes how people are expected to
behave in certain situations for example, when
buying food or boarding a bus.
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ELEMENTS
Symbols
• Every culture is filled with symbols of things
that stand for something else, which often
suggests various reactions and emotions.
• Some symbols are actually types of nonverbal
communication, while other symbols are, in
fact, material objects
ELEMENTS
Values
• Values area society’s ideas about what is good
or bad, right or wrong – such as the
widespread belief that stealing is immoral and
unfair.
• Values determine how individuals will
probably respond in any given circumstances.
10
Attitude

• Attitude is a persistent tendency to feel and behave in a particular way.

• Actually, it is the external displays of underlying beliefs that people use to signal to other people.

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