Liton Kumar Kundu (02)

Afroza Chowdhury (52)

MithilaSanhita Majumder (62)

Nayan Dey (72)

Md. Washim Farazi (92)

1. History & Economy of
MALAYSIA
5. Management Practice

3. Culture of MALAYSIA

6. Negotiation Practice
4. Business Etiquette in
MALAYSIA
GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION
Official Name - Malaysia
Location - Southeastern Asia
Population - 26,160,256
Total Area -127,316 sq mi (329,750 sq km)
Land area - 126,853 sq mi (328,549 sq km)
Climate -  tropical; annual southwest (April to
October) and northeast (October to February) monsoons
Capital city – Kuala Lumpur
Language – Malay
Currency – Ringgit (MYR)
Prime Minister – Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak (2009).
GDP – purchasing power parity $378.9 billion
GDP Per Capita – purchasing power parity $14,700

 
 History of Malaysia
• A geographically truncated Malaysia emerged out of the
territories colonized by Britain in the late nineteenth and
early twentieth centuries.

• Britain was attracted to the Malay peninsula by its vast

reserves of tin, and later found that the rich soil was also
highly productive for growing rubber trees.

• Malaysia was established in September 1963 through the

union of the Independent Federation of Malay.

• The theme of Malaysian is “One Malaysia” which

indicates the Malaysian as number one.

Thomas Williamson (www,advameg.inc.)

• • Kuala Lumpur (1 February 1972)
• • Ipoh (27 May 1988)
• • Kuching (1 August 1988)
• • Johor Bahru (1 January 1994)
• • Kota Kinabalu (2 February 2000)
• • Shah Alam (10 October 2000)
• • Malacca Town (15 April 2003)
• • Alor Setar (21 December 2003)
• • Miri (20 May 2005)
• • Petaling Jaya (20 June 2006)
• • Kuala Terengganu (1 January 2008)

en.wikipedia.org
 GDP - $378.9 billion (2010 est.)
GDP per capita (PPP) - $14,700
(2010est.)

Labor force - 11.29 million (2010

est.)
Population below poverty line -
5.1% (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate - 5% (2010 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) -
0.4% (2010 est.)
Source: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fr.html
Exports - $156.4 billion
Export commodities - electronic
equipment, petroleum and liquefied
natural gas, wood and wood products,
palm oil, rubber, textiles, chemicals.
Imports - $119.5 billion
Import commodities - electronics,
machinery, petroleum products, plastics,
vehicles, iron and steel products,
chemicals.
Stock of direct foreign investment at
home - $86.43 billion
Stock of direct foreign investment
abroad - $70.7 billion

Source: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fr.html
1. Rubber and palm oil
processing

2. Light manufacturing

3. Electronics

4. Logging & timber

processing

5. Agriculture processing,
 1. Ethnic groups,
Religion & Language
4. Superstitions
2. Family Values

5. Hofstede’s Cultural
Dimensions
3. Public Conduct
Source: http://www.worldbusinessculture.com
Source: http://www.worldbusinessculture.com
English Malay

Cantonese Hokkien

Mandarin Tamil

Others
1. The family is considered the
centre of the social structure.
2.There is a great emphasis on
unity, loyalty and respect for the
elderly.
3.Families tend to be extended,
although in the larger cities this will
naturally differ.
4.The extended family provides
both emotional and financial
support.
 5.Families have few children, but
parents take their role as guardians
and providers very seriously.
. The Malayan are private people and
have different rules of behavior for
people within their social circle and
those who are not.

. Although the Malayan are generally

polite in all dealings, it is only with
their close friends and family that
they are free to be themselves.

. Friendship brings with it a set of

roles and responsibilities, including
being available should you be
needed. Friendship involves frequent,
if not daily, contact.
1. Don't expose the bottoms of their
shoes, or prop their feet up
2.Avoid public display of anger, try to
take
things easy.
3.One should not touch other people’s
top portion of the head.
4.Malays do not appreciate display of
affection in public places.
5.Touching someone from the opposite
sex is also avoidable.
Pointing at a rainbow will make
your finger drop off.

A girl who sings in the kitchen is

fated to marry an old man.

If cats are allowed to jump over a

corpse it will sit up as a ghoul,
and many others.
 Power Individu-
Distance alism

Uncertainty
Masculinity
Avoidance
Source: http://www.clearlycultural.com/geert-hofstede-cultural-dimensions/individualism/
Source: http://www.clearlycultural.com/geert-hofstede-cultural-dimensions/individualism/
1. Making Appointments

4. Business Cards
2. Meeting & Greeting

5. Business Gifts
3. Business Dress
 Initial greetings should be formal and
denote proper respect.
• If in a team, introduce the most
important person first.
• Many Malays and Indians are
uncomfortable shaking hands with a
member of the opposite sex.
Meetings may be conducted or
continue over lunch and dinner. 
• To demonstrate respect Chinese may
look downwards rather than at the
person they are meeting.
• It is important that professional titles
(professor, doctor, engineer) and
honorific titles are used in business.
Malays and Indians use titles with their
first name while Chinese use titles with
their surname.
1. Both men and women are
expected to dress properly.
2. Dress conservative and invest in
well-tailored clothing.
3. A suit and tie for men
4. A knee-length skirt and long
sleeves for women.
5. Pants are not acceptable female
attire and adults are not to wear
shorts.
6. Do not wear yellow and avoid
white.
• Business cards are exchanged after
the initial introductions.
• If you will be meeting Chinese,
have one side of your card
translated into Chinese, with the
Chinese characters printed in gold.
• If you will be meeting government
officials, have one side of your card
translated into Bahasa Malaysia.
• Use two hands or the right hand
only to exchange business cards.
• Examine any business card you
receive before putting it in your
business card case.
• The respect you show someone's
business card is indicative of the
respect you will show the individual
in business. Act accordingly.
• Never write on someone's card in
their presence.
1. If invited to someone's home for
dinner, bring the hostess pastries
or good quality chocolates.
 2.Never give alcohol.
3. Avoid white wrapping paper as it
symbolizes death and mourning.
4. Avoid yellow wrapping paper, as
it is the color of royalty.
5.If you give food, it must be “halal”
(meaning permissible for
Muslims).
6.Offer gifts with the right hand only
or both hands if the item is large.
7.Gifts are generally not opened
when received.
Management Practice in Malaysia
Planning

Organizing

Staffing

Leading

Controlling
 Management Practice in Malaysia

Planning
Organizing Stuffing Leading Controlling

Planning organization Mid-term planning orientation. (One to five years

plan)
Decision Making Seniority based decision-making.

Level of Involvement? Involvement of few people at higher level.

Familiarizin
Where are decisions initiated? Decisions flow from the top to down
g Non-dairy
How quickly are decisions made Slow decision-making : factBuilding
Building
implementation of
Building
Milk the decision Brand
Brand
Brand
How quick is the decision implementation Implementation is relativelyProposition
Proposition
Proposition
slow because of the
involvement of many people.
 Management Practice in Malaysia

Organizing
Planning Stuffing Leading Controlling

Who is responsible for activities? Collective responsibility and accountability

How clear are the responsibilities Clear and specific decision responsibility

Structure of organization Bureaucratic organizational structure with

hierarchical order.
FamiliarizinCulture
Nature of Organizational There is a divergent organization culture with
g Non-dairy ethnic group. Building
Building
Building
Milk
Identification with what? Brand
Brand
Identification is with the profession and shows
Brand
greatest loyalty with company.
Proposition
Proposition
Proposition
www.pacificbridge.com
 Management Practice in Malaysia

Stuffing
Planning Organizing Leading Controlling

When are people hired? Skilled, graduate and if needed outsourced from other
countries.
Who recruits? Respective organizations and recruitment agencies.

Loyalty is to whom? Loyalty to the company

How is performance evaluation done? Very frequent performance evaluation for new
employees
What type of results is appraised? Appraisal of long-term performance
Familiarizin
How are promotion allowed? Promotion based on individual performance
g Non-dairy Building
Building
How is training and development done? Building
Training and development are provided when there is a
Milk Brand
Brand
Brand
threat to leave the organization.
Proposition
Proposition
Remuneration & benefits Proposition
According to experience & qualification of the
employees.
Job security Prior notice is given before firing. Moderate security.
www.pacificbridge
 Management Practice in Malaysia
Leading
Planning Organizing Stuffing Controlling

Leading style Previously autocratic gradually transforming

into participative leadership.
Management style Directive democratic style.

How is confrontation done? Communication primarily top-down.

Familiarizin
Nature of communication Up-bottom communication
g Non-dairy Building
Building
Building
Milk
Effect of (participation in decision making) Employee’s viewBrand
Brand
Brand
is taken under consideration.
Proposition
Proposition
Proposition
www.ccsnet.orga
 Management Practice in Malaysia
Controlling
Planning Organizing Stuffing Leading

Who Controls? Control by top management.

What is the focus of controlling? Overall performance of the employees &

productivity.

Is blame fixing done? Blame fixing is avoided; rather face saving is

done.
Use of Quality Circles Increasing use of quality control circles - Six
Familiarizin sigma, DOE, Taguchi methods etc. are used.
g Non-dairy Building
Building
Use of SPC Buildingtechnique.
Widely used controlling
Milk Brand
Brand
Brand
Increasing use of Reduce,Proposition
Use of 3Rs Proposition
Reuse and Recycle
Proposition
www.eurojournals.com
Management Practice Tools

www. asiarooms.com
Management Practice Tools

www. kweentenssial.com
1. Communication

4. Decision Making
2. Negotiation

5. Agreement
3. Bargaining
Source: http://www.worldbusinessculture.com
Source: http://www.worldbusinessculture.com