MIS can be define as a system that

1 provides information to support managerial function like

planning, organizing, directing, controlling

2 collect information in a systematic and a routine manner

which is in accordance with a well defined setoff rules.

3 include files, hardware, and software and operations

research models of processing, storing, retrieving and
transmitting information to the user
.
Benefits of MIS
Speedy access to information
Quick decisions
Speedy actions
Increase productivity and increased profit
Reduced transaction cost
Impact of MIS
Data storage and processing
Technology drive
Speedy access to information
Quicker information availability
Anytime anywhere access to the information
Quicker decision making
Data is a collection of facts, such as values or
measurements.

It can be numbers, words, measurements,

observations or even just descriptions of things.
The Four Stages of Data Processing

Input: Data is collected and entered into computer.

Data processing: Data is manipulated into information

using mathematical, statistical, and other tools.

Output: Information is displayed or presented.

Storage: Data and information are maintained for later

use.
Generating Information
Computer-based ISs take data as raw material, process it, and produce
information as output.
 Information
Information, its most restricted technical sense, is a
sequence of symbols that can be interpreted as a
message. Information can be recorded as signs, or
transmitted as signals.

Information = DATA + Context + Meaning

Processing
Data, Information, and Systems
What Is a System?
System: A set of components that work together to
achieve a common goal

Subsystem: One part of a system where the products of

more than one system are combined to reach an
ultimate goal

Closed system: Stand-alone system that has no contact

with other systems

Open system: System that interfaces with other systems

Different between data and Information
Data Information

Data is Raw fact Information is the outcome derived

after processing the data

May or may not be meaning full Information is always be meaning full

Input to any system may be treated as Output after processing the system is
Data information.

Understanding is difficult. Understanding is easy

Data must be processed to understand Information is already in

understandable form.

Data may not be in order. Information should be in the order.

Example :Statistics, number, Images etc Example: Reports ,Knowledge.

Information Systems versus
Information Technology
Information systems is an umbrella term for the
systems, people and processes designed to create,
store, manipulate, distribute and broadcast
information. The field of information systems bridges
business and computer science.
Information technology falls under the IS umbrella
but deals with the technology involved in the systems
themselves. Information technology can be defined as
the study, design, implementation, support or
management of computer-based information systems .
IT typically includes hardware, software, databases
and networks. Information technology often gaining,
processing, storage and distribution of digitized
information, or data, generated through the
disciplines of computing and telecommunications.
Information technology focuses on managing
technology and improving its utilization to advance
the overall business goals.
Components of Information
System.
 People Resources
 Hardware Resources
 Software Resources
 Network Resources

People Resources: people are required for the operation of

all information systems. This people resource includes end
users and information system.
End user also called user or clients are people who use an
information system or the information it produces.
System analysts design information system based on the
information requirement of end user.
Hardware Resources: The concepts of hardware
resources include all physical devices and materials
used in information processing. It include not only
machine, such as computers and other equipment, but
also all data media that is all tangible on which data is
recorded from sheets of paper to magnetic disks.

Software Resources: The concept of software resources

includes all set of information processing instructions.
The concept of software includes not only the set of
operating instruction called programs, which direct
and control computer hardware, but also the sets of
information processing instruction needed by people
called procedures.
Network Resources: Telecommunication networks
like Internet, Intranet and extranet have become
essential to the successful operations of all types of
organizations and their computer base systems.
Information Tech and its Important
The basic of business customer service,operations,products
and Marketing strategies and distribution are heavily or
sometimes even entirely, dependent on IT. The computer
that support these functions can be found on the desk,
on the shop floor, in the store, even in briefcases. IT and
its expense, have become an everyday part of business
life.
The fundamental reasons the use of IT in business. IT
performs three vital Roles.
a)Support of business operations
b)Support of managerial decision making
c)Support of strategic competitive advantages.
Most of all retail stores now use computer based
information system to help them record customer
purchase keep track of inventory, pay employees buy
new merchandise and evaluate sales trends.
IS helps to the sales manager for decision making. IT
provides some sales report so that sales manager can
make managerial decision for gaining competitive
advantages. Top levels of management also get
required information from IS so that they can make
strategic plan and formulate long range planning to
gain strategic advantage.
 Business and Technology Trends
Buying and selling the goods and services is called
business. Due to the advancement of technology the
way of doing business has changed. Business
organization use computer system to enhance their
business process. Concept of MIS,E-commerce, E-
Business, DSS etc, has changed the traditional
business process to modern business process.
Business organization used to use computer system for
recording and processing data. It facilities the
transaction processing system, accounting system,
record keeping system etc.
Existence of networked environment and database
application, traditional use of computer has changed
into paperless business applications. Such application
is knows as the MIS system. It helps the decision
makers from different department by providing MIS
report. Middle level management use MIS for internal
administration of business process. Strategic level of
management use decision support system artificial
intelligence, export system etc. For strategic decision
making to promote business.