GASES

KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY OF GASES

Imagine that you are walking along the corridor of your school and you
suddenly smell something fragrant. You have found out that the source came
from your classmate who sprayed perfume approximately 100 meters away.
From that distance, you suddenly realized why you were able to smell the
perfume. The gas molecules in the air interacted with the molecules of the
perfume.

The random motion of gas molecules is one of the assumptions of the Kinetic
Molecular Theory (KMT) of gases.
BASIC ASSUMPTIONS OF THE KINETIC
MOLECULAR THEORY OF GASES
Assumption Concept
Postulate 1 . Particle A gas consists of a large collection of individual particles.
Volume The volume of an individual particle is extremely small, as
compared to the volume of its container.
Postulate 2. Particle Gas particles are in constant, random, straight line motion,
Motion except when they collide with the walls of the container or
with one another.
Postulate 3. Particle Collisions of gas particles are elastic. The colliding gas
Collisions particles or molecules exchange energy, but they do not lose
any energy through friction. This means that the to al kinetic
energy is constant. Between collisions, the gas particles or
molecules do not influence each other.
PHYSICAL QUANTITIES OF GAS MOLECULES

1) Volume. Volume is defined as the space occupied by a sample

of matter. In this case, the gas molecules are the sample matter.
The volume of the gas takes the volume of its container.

Units commonly used for measuring volume:

liter (L), milliliter (mL), cubic meter (m3), and cubic centimeter
(cm3)
PHYSICAL QUANTITIES OF GAS MOLECULES
2) Temperature. Temperature is another physical quantity that affects
the behavior of gas particles or molecules. At a higher temperature, gas
molecules move rapidly; at lower temperature, these molecules move
slowly.

Kelvin
Degree Celsius
Degree Fahrenheit
PHYSICAL QUANTITIES OF GAS MOLECULES

3) Amount of Substance. This physical quantity is measured in

moles (mol)

4) Amount of Substance. Pressure is defined as the force exerted

per unit area. Common units of pressure are atmosphere (atm),
Pascal (P), kilopascal (kPA), millimeters of mercury (mmHg)