Cessation and Path

The Third and fourth Noble truth propagated in Buddhism

From the Pali text
• In the Pāli Canon, this sutta is found in the Samyutta Nikaya, Mahavaggo,
Sacchasamyukta 12.1081 by the name Dhamachakkapavattanasutta (online version
CST 4). The pali text is being reproduced below:

• ‘‘इदं दुक्खनिरोधं अरियसच्‍च’न्ति मे, भिक्खवे , पब्ु बे अननस्ु सतु ेस ु धम्मेस ु चक्खुं उदपादि, ञाणं उदपादि,
पञ्‍ञा उदपादि, विज्‍जा उदपादि, आलोको उदपादि। ‘तं खो पनिदं दुक्खनिरोधं अरियसच्‍चं सच्छिकातब्ब’न्ति
मे, भिक्खवे , पब्ु बे…पे॰… उदपादि। ‘तं खो पनिदं दुक्खनिरोधं अरियसच्‍चं सच्छिकत’न्ति मे, भिक्खवे , पब्ु बे
अननस्ु सतु ेस ु धम्मेस ु चक्खुं उदपादि, ञाणं उदपादि, पञ्‍ञा उदपादि, विज्‍जा उदपादि, आलोको उदपादि।
• "Cessation of suffering, as a noble truth, is this: It is remainderless fading and ceasing,
giving up, relinquishing, letting go and rejecting, of that same craving.
In the text Lalitavistara
• Tibetan text and Sanskrit restored version

• དེ་ལ་སྡུག་བསྔལ་འགོག་པ་གང་ཞེ་ན། གང་ཡང་འབྱུང་བ་དེའི་སྲིད་པ་དང་། དགའ་

བའི་འདོད་ཆགས་དང་ལྡན་པ་དང་། དེ་དང་དེར་མངོན་པར་དངའ་བ་དང་། སྐྱེད་པ་
དང་སྒྲུབ་པ་འདི་ཉིད་ལ་འདོད་ཆགས་མ་ལུས་པ་དང་བྲལ་བ་འགོག་པ་འདི་ནི་སྡུག་
བསྔལ་འགོག་པའོ།།
• ततर् कतमो दुःख निरोधः। यो ऽस्या एव तष्ृ णायाः पनु र्भविक्या नन्दी राग
सहगतायास,् ततर् ततर् अभिनन्दिन्या जनिकाया निर्वतिकाया अशोषो विरागो
निरोधो ऽयं दुःख निरोधः।
English Translation
• What is the cessation of suffering? It is the complete and
dispassionate cessation of craving that perpetuates
existence, which is attended upon by the passion for
enjoyment, and which finds pleasures here and there.
This is the cessation of suffering.
• Paticcasamuppada, or the Law of Dependent
Origination, is fundamental to the teaching of the
Buddha. Emphasising its importance, the Buddha said-
• “Yo paticcasamuppadam passati, so dhammam passati;
Yo dhammam passati, so paticcasamuppadam passati.
One who sees the paticcasamuppada sees the Dhamma.
One who sees the Dhamma sees the paticcasamuppada.”
• Paticcasamuppada explains that samsara, the process of repeated existences, is
perpetuated by a chain of interconnected links of cause and effect; it also reveals
the method of breaking this chain and putting an end to the process.
• The Buddha said-
• “Tanhadutiyo puriso, dighamaddhana samsaram; Itthabhavannathabhavam,
samsaram nativattati. 
• -The man with craving as his companion has been flowing in the stream of
repeated existences from time immemorial. He comes into being, experiences
various types of miseries, dies again and again, and does not put an end to this
unbroken process of becoming.”
 What happen about suffering then?
• I accurately understood the identity of ignorance, the source of ignorance, the
cessation of ignorance, and the path leading to its cessation. I understood where
exactly all ignorance without exception vanishes and disappears. And further I
accurately understood the precise identity of formations, the source of
formations, the cessation of formations, and the path leading to their cessation.
[F.168.a] I accurately understood the precise identity of consciousness, the
source of consciousness, the cessation of consciousness, and the path leading to
its cessation.
 Cessation of ………………
• I accurately understood the precise identity of name and form, the source of
name and form, the cessation of name and form, and the path leading to its
cessation. I accurately understood the precise identity of the six sense fields,
the source of the six sense fields, the cessation of the six sense fields, and the
path leading to their cessation.
• I accurately understood the precise identity of contact, the source of contact,
the cessation of contact, and the path leading to its cessation. I accurately
understood the precise identity of feeling, the source of feeling, the cessation
of feeling, and the path leading to its cessation. I accurately understood the
precise identity of craving, the source of craving, the cessation of craving,
and the path leading to its cessation.
 Cessation………..
• I accurately understood the precise identity of clinging, the source of clinging, the
cessation of clinging, and the path leading to its cessation. I accurately understood
the precise identity of existence, the source of existence, the cessation of
existence, and the path leading to its cessation. I accurately understood the precise
identity of birth, the source of birth, the cessation of birth, and the path leading to
its cessation.
• I accurately understood the precise identity of old age, the source of old age, the
cessation of old age, and the path leading to its cessation. [350] I accurately
understood the precise identity of death, the source of death, the cessation of
death, and the path leading to its cessation. I accurately understood precisely how
this massive heap of pure suffering, with its anguish, lamentation, pain, despair,
and torment comes into being and how it ceases. [F.168.b] I accurately understood
the precise identity of suffering, the source of suffering, the cessation of suffering,
and the path leading to its cessation.
 The Path
• “What is the path that leads to the cessation of suffering?
It is exclusively the eightfold path of the noble ones.
This is the path that starts with correct view and ends
with correct concentration. It is called the path that leads
to the cessation of suffering—a noble truth.
Limbs of fourth noble truth
• Monks, the Bliss-Gone One teaches the Dharma by
showing the middle way that does not fall into either of
the two extremes. The Dharma that he teaches is one of
correct view, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort,
mindfulness, and concentration.
 Reference: Pali;
Dhammachakkappavattanasutta
• ‘अयमेव अरियो अट्ठङ्गिको मग्गो, सेय्यथिदं – सम्मादिट्ठि
सम्मासङ्कप्पो सम्मावाचा सम्माकम्मन्तो सम्माआजीवो
सम्मावायामो सम्मासति सम्मासमाधि।’

• The way leading to cessation of suffering, as a noble truth, is this:

It is simply the noble eightfold path, that is to say, right view,
right intention; right speech, right action, right livelihood; right
effort, right mindfulness, right concentration.”
 From Lalitavistara
• དབུ་མའི་ལམ་ཉིད་ཀྱིས་དེ་བཞིན་གཤེགས་པ་ཆོས་སྟོན་ཏེ།
འདི་ལྟ་སྡེ། ཡང་དག་པའི་ལྟ་བ་
དང་། ཡང་དག་པའི་རྟོག་པ་དང་། ཡང་དག་པའི་ངག་དང་། ཡང་དག་པའི་ལས་ཀྱི་མཐའ་
དང་། ཡང་དག་པའི་འཚོ་བ་དང་། ཡང་དག་པའི་རྩོལ་བ་དང་། ཡང་དག་པའི་དྲན་པ་དང་།
ཡང་དག་པའི་རྟིང་ངེ་འཛིན་ཏོ།
• तथागतो धर्म देशयति। यदुत सम्यग ् दृष्टिः, सम्यक् सङ्कल्पः सम्यग ्
वाग,् सम्यक् कर्मान्तः, सम्यग ् आजीवः, सम्यग ् व्यायामः, सम्यक्,
ृ ः सम्यक् समाधिर् इति।।
स्मति
Sub Classification
• Further, this eightfold path is divided into three sub categories as follow:

• प्रज्ञा
• सम्यक दृष्टि Right View, सम्यक संकल्प Right intention or thought, determination

• शील
• सम्यक वाणी, Right Speech सम्यक कर्मान्त, Right Action सम्यक आजीविका Right Livelihood

• समाधि
• सम्यक व्यायाम,Right Effort सम्यक समृति, Right Mindfulness सम्यक समाधि Right concentration
What is Meditation/Concentration?
• Kushal citta Ekaggata
• कुसल चित्त एकग्गता
• Tranquility of skillful mind