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Understanding Hydropower Generation

Hydropower generates electricity using the kinetic energy of flowing or falling water to turn turbines that spin generators. Key components of a hydropower plant include a dam, turbine, and generator. The amount of power generated depends on factors like the water flow rate and head. Calculations show that a 3 cubic meters per second flow with a 2.25 meter head could generate around 50 kW of power, enough to serve 145 people. The turbine converts the kinetic energy of water into mechanical motion that spins the generator, which then converts this into electrical energy through electromagnetic induction.

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48 views6 pages

Understanding Hydropower Generation

Hydropower generates electricity using the kinetic energy of flowing or falling water to turn turbines that spin generators. Key components of a hydropower plant include a dam, turbine, and generator. The amount of power generated depends on factors like the water flow rate and head. Calculations show that a 3 cubic meters per second flow with a 2.25 meter head could generate around 50 kW of power, enough to serve 145 people. The turbine converts the kinetic energy of water into mechanical motion that spins the generator, which then converts this into electrical energy through electromagnetic induction.

Uploaded by

tony
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Hydropower

By: Angel H
Why use hydropower?

 Generates electricity
 Environmental-friendly
 Cost-effective
 Renewable source of energy
 Recreation
How it works
 Parts of hydroelectric plant
 Dam
 Turbine
 Generator
 Transmission lines
 Factors affecting it
 How far the water falls
 Amount of water falling/flowing
Calculation

  P=m∙g∙∙η

 η=0.85(turbine)x0.95(drive system)x0.93(generator)=0.751(75.1%)
 =x0.9=2.5x0.9=2.25m
 m=3/s=3xlitres per second(kg/s)
 P=m∙g∙∙η=3xx9.81x2.25x0.751=49729W=49.7kW

 Electric Energy=49.7x24x365=435,372kWh
 People Served=435,372/3,000=145.124=145people
Conversion to Electrical Energy
 The turbine converts the energy of flowing water into mechanical energy.
 The turning of the turbine also turns a metal shaft in an electric generator.
 A hydroelectric generator converts the mechanical energy into electricity.
 The operation of a generator is based on the principles discovered by Faraday.
 In a large generator, electromagnets are made by circulating direct current through loops of
wire wound around stacks of magnetic steel laminations.
 Field poles are mounted on the perimeter of the rotor, which is attached to the turbine shaft and
rotates at a fixed speed.
 When the rotor turns, it causes the field poles to move past the conductors mounted in the stator.
This, in turn, causes electricity to flow and a voltage to develop at the generator output terminals.
Sources

 http://www.wvic.com/Content/How_Hydropower_Works.cfm
 https://www.renewablesfirst.co.uk/hydropower/hydropower-learning-centre/how-much-po
wer-could-i-generate-from-a-hydro-turbine
/
 https://
www.usgs.gov/special-topic/water-science-school/science/hydroelectric-power-how-it-wor
ks?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects

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