20 ROCOCO, THE EIGHTEENTH

CENTURY, AND REVIVAL STYLES

Rococo Style
Cultural Developments
The Age of Enlightenment
 society and culture
 Salons and Salonnières
 In the eighteenth century, the salon became the center of
 Parisian society and taste. The typical salon was the creation
 of a charming, financially comfortable, well-educated, and
 witty hostess (the salonnière) in her forties. She provided
 good food, a well-set table, and music for people of achievement
 in different fields who visited her hôtel. The guests
 engaged in the art of conversation and in social and intellectual
 interchange. Among the salonnières were women of
 significant accomplishments in addition to hostessing. These
 included writers (Mesdames de La Fayette, de Sevigne, and
 de Stael, and Mademoiselle de Scudery),
 a scientist (Madame
 de Chatelet), and the painter Elisabeth Vigee-Lebrun.
Painting in France
Adelaide Labille-Guiard
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Bourgeois Realism:
Painting in England
Rococo Architecture
in Germany
Balthasar Neumann
Matthaus Daniel Poppelmann
Dominikus Zimmermann
Architectural Revivals in
England
Classicism: Lord Burlington
and Robert Adam
Gothic Revival: Horace
Walpole
The Classical Revival
American Painting
John Singleton Copley