Genetically

Modified

Animals
 INTRODUCTION
Genetical Modified Animals

A transgenic organism is a genetically modified organism

(GMO) that has had its genome altered by the addition of a
gene from another organism, usually from a different specie
s. Any microbe, plant or animal can be altered in this way an
d the result is that the GMO will express novel or modified
genes. Examples include pathogen resistant transgenic cro
p and genetically modified cows that produce the human
version of the hormone insulin.
 Flourescent Puppy
Genetical Modified Animals

• Ruppy is the world's first transgenic dog and was created

by a team of scientists from Seoul National University in
South Korea. Her name is short for Ruby Puppy, and she
and her four siblings all express a fluorescent protein
which glows red under ultraviolet light.
• A team led by Byeong-Chun Lee of Seoul National
University in South Korea created the dogs by cloning
fibroblast cells that express a red fluorescent gene
produced by sea anemones.
 Flourescent Puppy
Genetical Modified Animals

• This new proof-of-principle experiment should open the

door for transgenic dog models of human disease, says
team member CheMyong Ko of the University of Kentuc
ky. “The next step for us is to generate a true disease m
odel,” he says.
• However, other researchers who study domestic dogs as
stand-ins for human disease are less certain that tra
nsgenic dogs will become widespread in research.
 Flourescent Puppy
ADVANTAGE

flourescent dogs already serve as cure for

diseases such as narcolepsy, certain cancers and
blindness. And a dog genome sequence has made
the animals an even more useful model by
quickening the search for disease-causing genes.
Most dog genetics researchers limit their work to
gene scans of DNA collected from hundreds of pe
t owners.
 Flourescent Puppy

Ruppy the transgenic puppy at 10 days

image shows Ruppy under old. Even under natural light the red
ultraviolet light protein can be seen in the skin and fur.
 Flourescent Puppy
ADVANTAGE
There is a huge benefit to having genetically transformed
animals like dogs, mice, sheep, pigs, etc. Since the animal
will produce a fluorescent light under UV light it allows
doctors and scientist to study and watch, very common
and critical human diseases such as HIV, AIDS, and cancer.
It allows them to see it more clearly and study it more in
depth. This could ultimately led to the cure of a deadly
disease which would be a benefit to everyone. 
 Flourescent Puppy
STEPS

1. Lee’s team created Ruppy by first infecting dog

fibroblast cells with a virus that inserted the
fluorescent gene into a cell’s nucleus. They then
transferred the fibroblast’s nucleus to another
dog’s egg cell, with its nucleus removed. After a
few hours dividing in a Petri dish, researchers
implanted the cloned embryo into a mother.
 Flourescent Puppy
STEPS

2. Starting with 344 embryos implanted into 20

dogs, Lee’s team ended up with 7 pregnancies.
One fetus died about half way through term, while
an 11-week-old puppy died of pneumonia after its
mother accidentally bit its chest. Five dogs are
alive, healthy and starting to spawn their own
fluorescent puppies, Ko says.
 Flourescent Puppy
STEPS
3. Besides the low efficiency of cloning just 1.7 p
ercent of embryos came to term another c
hallenge to creating transgenic dogs is controlling
where in the nuclear DNA a foreign gene lands. L
ee’s team used a retrovirus to transfer the fl
uorescent gene to dog fibroblast cells, but they c
ould not control where the virus inserted the g
ene.
Flourescent Puppy
VIDEO