University Mohammed Premier

Communication, Culture and Translation Master Program

Public Speaking Course

Visual Aids
Professor: Houda Kably
Realized by: Ikram
Debbouza
Introduction
Content
• The Purpose of Visual Aids
• Types of Visual Aids
Two-Dimensional Aids
Three-Dimensional Aids
Media Aids
• Designing Visual Aids
• Using Visual Aids
Why use Visual Aids?
• Clarify ideas

• Provide clearer organization to the speech

• Generate interest in the audience

• Increase audience retention

• Help the speaker feel comfortable

• Reinforce the message

Clarify ideas
PROVIDE ORGANIZATION

• Such as tables, organizational charts, and graphs

GENERATE INTEREST
• The visuals that
accompany the
content are what
viewers see first.

• Through the use of

vivid imagery, you
avoid being
monotonous in the
presentation
INCREASE RETENTION
HELP THE SPEAKER FEEL
COMFORTABLE

• Reduce speech anxiety

REINFORCE THE MESSAGE

• Highlights the main points of the message

• Reduces the possibilities of misinterpreting your message

Types of Visual
Aids
Two-Dimensional Visual Aids

• Maps: are representations of

geographical region

• It should be large enough

• Use colors, font size, and bold
Lettering
• It should include a key
• Point to the map as you discuss
its content
• Graphs

 It summarizes quantitative information about your subject

 Use different colors, lines or symbols, and provide a key
 There are three types of graphs:

 Line graph
 Bar graph
 Circle graph
 80

the age in years The Life Expectancy in Morocco

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

The life expectancy

Source: https://countryeconomy.com/demography/life-
expectancy/morocco

Line graph: shows quantitative changes in one or more objects over a

period of time.
 Bar graph: compares various amounts of things at any particular time
Inhabitants in millions
The Largest Moroccan Cities in 201ç
(in million inhabitants)

3.5

3.14
3

2.5

1.65
1.5

1
0.96 0.9 0.83
0.69 0.68
0.54
0.5 0.4 0.36

0
Casablanca Rabat Fés salé Marrakech Agadir Tangier Méknes Oujda Kénitra
the inhabitants

Source: Haut-Commissariat au Plan du

Maroc; https://www.hcp.ma/
Circle graph: illustrates the relative amounts of various parts of a whole
Functional classification of health care spending (2006)
7%
2% 2% 1%
35%

19% Ambulatory care

medical supplies
Hospital care
Administration
Prevention
Education research
other services

34%

Source: THE MOROCCO COUNTRY CASE STUDY:

Health Care Environments in Morocco, Dr Hassan
Semlali
• Charts: provide a convenient visual summary of information that is
difficult to communicate orally.

• Consist of words, statistics, images, or a combination of all these

elements.

• Use colors to highlight the main points

Word chart: displays the important points, terms, procedures, or
principles in a speech.

Using Visual Aids

Do: Don’t:
Use a strong oral delivery Overuse visual aids
Use transitional statements place to much information on one aid
Table: arranges information- Statistical Data- in an orderly and
logical manner
Year Population Male % Female %
2019 36,635,156 49.55% 50.45%
2018 36,191,805 49.54% 50.46%
2017 35,739,580 49.53% 50.47%
2016 35,276,786 49.51% 50.49%
2015 34,803,322 49.48% 50.52%
2010 32,409,639 49.28% 50.72%
2005 30,521,070 49.39% 50.61%
2000 28,849,621 49.55% 50.45%

Moroccan Population by Year; source : Haut-Commissariat au Plan du Maroc;

https://www.hcp.ma/
• Flowcharts: illustrates the relationship among various parts in a whole.

Use series of lines and arrows

Organized from right to left

Two main types:

Organizational chart
Tree chart
 Siham

Taher Iman
Fatima
An example of a family Asmae
tree Hassan
Redone

Ahmed Houda
Rachida
Ikram
Fatima
Mohammed
Ahmed
Mostafa Yehya
Meryam
Abdrahim
Rim
Miloud Mohammed-Ali

Meryam
Fayza
Khalid Suhaib

Safae
• Mind-Map: is a diagram that is helpful when taking notes,
remembering, and it is well received by others.
• Pictorial aids

• Drawing ,diagram, Photograph,

or poster that displays
information relating to your
topic.

• It shows the steps and

procedures for
performing a task.
• Handouts
They provide information that the
audience may like to have at hand while
you speak.
Three Dimensional Aids
• The real object or the nearest 3D representation of the real thing in
reality.
• it represents objects realistically
• There are three types:
Models
Mock-ups
Cutaways
Models

• Real objects, replica of a real object.

• Consider using models or assistance
to perform your demonstrations.
Mock-ups

• A "mockup" is simply a prototype model or replica of something. It

is crafted to mimic at least part of the functionality of a system.
Cutaways

• Cross sectional models

• Replicas of an object to show
its internal parts
Media Aids

• They incorporate sounds and images which offers a potentially

powerful venue for improving understanding.
• For example, if its too complex to demonstrate
 how lightening works
 How red blood cells are made
Projectors and video aids

Slide projector

Over head projector Video projector

Audio Aids

• Microphones

• Compact disc players and audiocassette decks

Computer Aids
Do Don’t
Use a big enough font (minimum 20pt) Make it so small you can’t read it
Keep the background simple Use a fussy background image
Use animations when appropriate Over do the animation
Make things visual Use endless slides of bulleted lists that
all look the same
Prepare a hard copy of your Neglect checking if the equipment is
presentation and printout the visual working properly
aid.
Elaborate and explain the bullet points Rely entirely on the slides
Use oral citations Use copyrighted material without
permission
Designing Visual Aids
Design a graph

• Click Insert then Chart.

• Select the type of chart you
want, such as column or pie chart,
and click OK. (If you're not sure
which to choose, move down the
All Charts list to preview each
type.)
• Enter your data into the
spreadsheet that automatically
opens with the chart.
 Design a table
• Place the cursor where you want to place
the table.
• Click the Insert Table icon on the Tables
and Borders toolbar at the top of the
window.
• Drag the corner of the table until you
have the desired number of columns and
rows.
• Click the mouse to insert the table.
Design a flowchart

• Click the Insert tab on the ribbon.

• Click the Shapes dropdown.
• Click on the shape type you want to
add.
• Click in the canvas area, holding the
left button down while dragging the
mouse to add the shape.
 Using Visual Aids
• Focus each aid on three or four major points

• Visual aids should not cover more than one third of your speech

• Use only relevant visual aids that support your message

• Determine when to use your aid and the time allotted for it

• Prepare all of your aids before the time of the presentation

• Explain the content of the visual aid when you first show it.

• Talk to the audience, not to your visual aids

• Practice working with an assistant

Conclusion
Thank you