THE SCOPE OF BIOLOGY

By: NAFILAH DEMASZ,S.PD

 INDIKATOR
 Explain what is studied (scope) of
biological
 Explain branches of biology

 Explain the level of organism

 Explain The Role of Biology in Life

 Give the Example problem in biology

 Give alternatif solution for problem

biology
 THE SCOPE OF BIOLOGY
1. Object of Biology
- Human
- Animals
- Plants
- Microbiology
THE LEVEL OF ORGANISMS
 Molecule :
The smallest units in which two or more atoms of the
same element or different ones are bounded together.Ex :
Carbohydrate, Lipides, Protein

 Cell
The smallest unit having the capacity to live and
reproduce, either independently or as part of a
multicellular organisms. Ex : Red blood cell, Muscular
cell, Sperm cell,etc.
 Tissue
An organized group of cells with the same structure
and functions. Ex : nervous tissue, muscle tissue.

 Organ
A group of several tissues form organ. Ex :in
animals (Heart, brain), in Plants ( root, stem)

 Organ System
Organ system consists of two or more organs and
has specific functions. Ex : digestive system,
respiratory system, regulatory system.
 Organism (Individual)
Number of various organ systems will form
organism.

 Population
A group of individual of the same kind (that is
the same species) occupying a given area. Ex :
human population, ant population and rice
population.

 Community
The population of all species occupying the same
area. Ex : beach community
 Ecosytem
A community and its physical environment (such
soil and water)

 Biome

It is a large communities on earth

 BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY
 Anatomy
Inner structures that make up living organisms
 Bacteriology

Bacteria
 Botany

Scientific study of plants

 Ecology

Relationship between livingthings (organisms) and their

environment.
 Entomology

Insects
THE ROLE OF BIOLOGY IN LIFE
BENEFITS OF BIOLOGY
1. Agriculture
 Select and produce prime crops
 Food production can be improved
 Eradicate pests

2. Animal Husbandry
 Produce prime breeds through insemination and
crossbreeding.

3. Medicine
 Help doctors to cure particular disease.
QUESTION
 How can biology solve the problem above?
 Give a problem in biology!

 Give alternatif solution for biology problem! (Planning

Reseach)
DANGER OF BIOLOGY
1. Biologican Weapons
Deadly microorganisms which are multiplied on
purpose in a laboratory for a specific purpose.

2. Cloning
Expecially : Human cloning

3. Transgenic Method
Transgenic cotton plants contaminate the non-
transgenic cotton plants nearby, stimulate the ourbreak
of pests because the pests have become immune.
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
1. Stating a problem
2. Preliminary study (collecting information)
3. Problem formulation
4. Hypothesis formation
5. Choosing method
6. Stating variable, data sources and instrument
7. Collecting and analizing data
8. Conclusion
9. Publication
1. STATING A PROBLEM
The Problem can obtained from
daily life.
We can ask questions about
something that will be observed
such as What, Why, How, Who,
When
 2. PRELIMINARY STUDY
(COLLECTING INFORMATION)

Aims To state the topic that

will be observed, method to
collect, record and data
analyze.
 3. PROBLEM FORMULATION
Can be done by creating a
research design.
This research design
includes the title, research
objectives and benefits of
research.
 4. HYPOTHESIS
FORMATION
Hypothesis is a tentative
answer to the question that
will be observed and remains
to be proved.
 5. CHOOSING METHOD

Themethod of collecting
data in order to prove
hypothesis.
6. STATING VARIABLE, DATA
SOURCES AND INSTRUMENT
 Variable is object of a research
that will determine the result of
the research.
 Many kinds of data resources are
document, note, process, object
or questioner.
 Instrument is a tool to collect the
data, it is determined based on
data resources.
 7. COLLECTING AND
ANALIZING DATA

8. CONCLUSION

9. PUBLICATION