Body and Di

seases II
Specialists

M.A. DAIRA CREIGHTON

What is an
specialist?

An specialist is a doctor who

specialized in an specific area
of medicine, and treats specific
diseases or conditions.
Primary Care Physician

A primary care physician is someone who:

•treats minor illnesses

•answers health questions

•conducts health checkups

•performs routine health tests

•provides referrals to specialty physicians when necessary

•keeps a person’s medical records together

 Pediatricians

Pediatricians focus on treating children

from birth to young adulthood. They have training in:

•well-baby and well-child visits

•school or sports physical activities

•childhood vaccines

•disease prevention for children and babies

•treating illnesses and injuries in children and babies

 Geriatricians

Geriatric medicine doctors, also called geriatricians, focus

on care for older adults.

They have additional training in:

• the aging process

• preventive care for older adults

• the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and conditions

that affect older adults

Allergist

Allergists or Immunologist focus on preventing and

treating allergic diseases and conditions. These usually

include various types of allergies and asthma.

Dermatologist

Dermatologists focus on diseases and conditions of the skin,

nails, and hair. They treat conditions such as eczema, skin

cancer, acne, and psoriasis.

Infectious disease doctors

Infectious disease doctors specialize in diseases and

conditions that are contagious.

These may include:

 Influenza
 Covid-19
 bacterial infections,
 tuberculosis
 pneumonia
 parasite infections
 HIV
Ophthalmologists

Ophthalmologists specialize in eye and vision care. They

treat diseases and conditions of the eyes and can

perform eye surgery.

Obstetricians/ Gynecologists

Obstetricians/Gynecologists provide preventive

care and disease management for female
health conditions. These include:

• female reproductive health

• cancer prevention and diagnosis in the female
reproductive organs
• breast care
• pregnancy
• labor and delivery
• infertility
• menopause
Cardiologists

Cardiologists focus on the cardiovascular system, which includes the

heart and blood vessels. They treat many cardiovascular conditions,

Such as:

 high blood pressure

 high cholesterol

 heart attack and stroke

 heart rhythm problems

 congestive heart failure

Endocrinologists

Endocrinologists treat disorders and conditions that affect the

endocrine system.

Endocrinologists treat hormone-related conditions such as:

• diabetes

• thyroid conditions

• hormone imbalances

• infertility

• growth problems in children

• adrenal gland conditions

Gastroenterologists

Gastroenterologists focus on the digestive system.

This includes the esophagus, pancreas, stomach, liver,

small intestine, colon, and gallbladder.

Nephrologists

Nephrologists focus on kidney care and conditions

that affect the kidneys.

Conditions they can treat include:

• kidney disease
• renal (kidney) failure
• diabetes
• kidney stones
• lupus
• hypertension
Urologists

Urologists  treat conditions of the urinary tract in both

males and females. They also focus on male reproductive

health.
Otorhinolaryngologists

Otorhinolaryngologists are sometimes known as “ear,

nose, and throat” doctors.

They may treat problems with the sinuses, throat, tonsils,

ears, mouth, head, and neck.

 Neurologists

Neurologist treat conditions of the nerves, spine, and

brain. People may see a neurologist for:

• epilepsy
• Alzheimer’s disease
• Parkinson’s disease
• multiple sclerosis
• neuropathy

• stroke
• migraine
Psychiatrists

Psychiatrists are doctors who treats mental health

conditions. They may use counseling, medication,

or hospitalization as part of their treatment.

Oncologists

Oncologists treat cancer and its symptoms. During

treatment for cancer, a person may have several types of

healthcare professional in their care team.

Rheumatologists

Rheumatologists diagnose and treat rheumatic diseases.

These are auto immune conditions that can affect the

bones, joints, and muscles.

Some common rheumatic diseases include:

•rheumatoid arthritis

•osteoarthritis

•gout

•lupus

•scleroderma

•psoriatic arthritis
Orthopedists

Orthopedists specialize in diseases and

conditions of the bones, muscles, ligaments, tendons,
and joints. They may treat:

• arthritis
• sports injuries
• bone tumors
• back pain
• broken bones
• osteoporosis
Anesthesiologists

Anesthesiologists focus on a person’s well-being before,

during, and after surgery. This may include

administering pain medicine, relaxation medication, or

medicine to put a person to sleep.

 Some Medical Specialties

SPECIALTY SPECIALIST

Primary care Primary care physician

Pediatrics Pediatrician

Geriatrics Geriatrician

Allergology Allergist

Dermatology Dermatologist

Infectiology Infectious disease doctor

Ophthalmology Ophthalmologist

Obstetrics/Gynecology Obstetrician/gynecologist
 Some Medical Specialties
SPECIALTY SPECIALIST

Endocrinology Endocrinologist

Gastroenterology Gastroenterologist

Nephrology Nephrologist

Urology Urologist

Otorhinolaryngology Otorhinolaryngologist

Neurology Neurologist

Psychiatry Psychiatrist

Oncology Oncologist

Rheumatology Rheumatologist
Therapeutic
Categories
of Drugs

Therapeutic categories of drugs

are broad categories based on
therapeutic intent.
Therapeutic
Categories
of Drugs

Drugs are classified into different

groups according to their chemical
characteristics, structure and how
they are used to treat specific
diseases.
Some Therapeutic Categories of Drugs

Therapeutic Use
Category
Analgesics Reduce aches and pains.
anesthetics Induce temporary loss of sensation or 
awareness.
anxiolytics Reduce or eliminate symptoms of anxiety.
antidepressants Treat major depressive disorders.
antidotes Reduce the effect of poison, toxin or chemical
substance.
antacids Raise the ph. of the stomach.
antitussives Suppress cough.
Antihistamines Reduce or eliminate the symptoms of allergies.
antiseptics Reduce the possibility of infections, sepsis and
putrefaction.
antivirals Treat infections caused by viruses.
 Some Therapeutic Categories of Drugs

Therapeutic
Category Use
antiepileptics Reduce , prevent and stop epilepsy.
antipyretics Treat fever.
anthelmintics Treat infection with worms and helminthes.
antineoplastics Prevent the growth of malignant tumors.
antihypertensives Reduce blood pressure.
bronchodilators Dilate the bronchioles and bronchi of the lugs.
hypnotics Reduce drowsiness.
muscle relaxants Relax muscles and relieve pain from sprains, strains
and injuries.
diuretics Make your body excrete more fluids as urine.
Anti-inflammatories Reduce inflammation.
Some Therapeutic Categories of Drugs

Therapeutic Use
Category
antifungal Treat and prevent micosis.
decongestants Relieve nasal congestion.
anticoagulants Prevent and reduce blood coagulation.
laxatives Relieve temporary constipation.
contraceptives Avoid pregnancy.
corticosteroids Reduce inflammation and the immune
system activity. 
Antiallergics Relieve or control allergic symptoms.
antibacterial Prevent and reduce bacterial infections.
ophthalmic Treat eye diseases
Cardiovascular Treat heart diseases
MY PLEASURE!