IT Trends,

Issues, and
Challenges
At the end of this chapter the
students should be able to:

• Describe and explain IT and the issues and challenges

surroundings its application in various fields
Uses of Computers in Different Fields

https://khyberacademy.com/importance-uses-of-computer-in-various-fields/
Uses of Computers in Different Fields

• The word & logic of the computer is very

old. If we go back about 50-years, there
was no awareness of the uses of
computers, and none of us known about
the computer and its role in our daily
work. But its importance and role are
gradually increased. Difficult tasks have
been done by a computer. So, it turns
into an essential tool for our work.
Uses of Computers in Different Fields

• Initially, the size of the computer was large as room size, but
simultaneously it turns to smaller as an embedded computer.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in
Education
• The computer plays a vital role in education.
It is used in schools and colleges for
teaching purposes. Students learn about
computer technology and get a qualified
degree in computer technology. Teachers
use computers to teach the student about,
e.g. how to use computer for research, and
how to use computer application.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in
Arts
• The uses of the computer are flexible and
are not limited to the field of science and
technology.
• Art and gallery are also a part of education.
The computer assists people to write
books, draw cartoons, compose songs,
design graphical pictures, and create
special effects in movies.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Healthcare

• The uses of computer in health have now
become necessary.
• The health department of each country is
responsible to defend the people from
diseases. Therefore, updated reports are
available online regarding hygienic,
diseases, medicines, and researches.
People can get help from these updated
reports publishing from time to time.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Healthcare

• The most important of computer is to keep a
record of blood groups of the persons and
their contact numbers on the computer.
• The internet is also playing a vital role in the
health department. We can send and receive
patient reports in a short time.
• Storing of data is very important in hospitality
because the computer is used to keep the
staff, patients, medicines, and budget records.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Healthcare

• A doctor diagnoses various types of hazardous
diseases, e.g. heart diseases, eye and sight defects,
kidney stones, etc. with the help of special types of
software and computerized diagnostic tools such as
ECG, Ultrasounds, MRI, and CT scan. Corrective
solution and medicine arrange for the patients
accordingly. Doctors use the computer to keep the
patient’s record, e.g. symptom of the patients and
their treatment record can help the doctor in research.
• A gynecologist can trace the position and condition of
the newborn child.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Healthcare

• Medical Imaging- It is a broad term that
covers technology used to create images of
the human body for study and diagnosis. It
includes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),
ultrasound, CT scans and X-Rays. All of these
devices are controlled by computers. Even X-
Ray imaging, which has been used in
medicine since the early 20th century, now
uses computers for image adjustment and
transfer.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Healthcare

• Computer-Assisted Surgery– Computers
are used to assist in planning, teaching
and performing many surgical procedures.
One of the biggest recent developments
in this area is robotically-assisted surgery
(RAS), which allows surgeons to use
robotic devices and computer software to
complete minimally-invasive procedures.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Healthcare

• Networks and Digital Communication-
Computer networks and the internet
have increased the means of
communication between medical
professionals with email, instant
messaging, video chats and webinars.
Being able to connect digitally helps
health care professionals stay current
with the latest medical developments.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Healthcare

• Medical Databases - Computers have
brought the development of many
useful software solutions in the medical
field. Large public health organizations
like the World Health Organization and
the Centers for Disease Control have
amassed huge databases of information
related to diseases and health statistics.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Office

• The office is a room or place where manage an
organization or department works. Each and every
organization or department uses a computer in
their office to managing the work, e.g. type
document, preparing of presentation, manages
accounts matter, drawing maps, send emails, and
browsing. We take print of all mandatory letters
and documents of the concerned organization or
department for keeping the official record.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Banks

• Banks deal with the customers for paying or depositing
money. Computer plays vital roles in the bank because
each bank is working under a database network. In banks,
this database is stored on the computer server. It is
possible with the computer to avoid account from
duplication and control the client’s record, e.g. depositing
and withdrawal amount.
• ATM (Automatic Teller Machine) is used in bank to
withdrawal amount any time. This all could be controlled
by the computer. This machine helped the clients and
avoided them from long queues.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Banks

• Internet banking provides online facility to the
clients to get full information about its account.
A client can transfer the amount to another
account and pay their bills online. Customer can
also check all transactions of account.
• Bank cheques have special characters and
numbers of magnetized ink reads by MICR and
data send to the computer. MICR checks the
validity and accuracy of the cheques.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in
Industry
• Industries are the main resource of the
economy of the country. Enormous types
of machinery are used in the industry.
These machineries are run and controlled
by the computer. It also sets objectives of
monitoring and progress of the industry,
e.g. business activities related productions,
profit, and loss, etc.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in
Simulation Training
• The computer can be used to train people such
as Pilots. A working model of an aeroplane
cockpit is built with a large screen in front of it.
On the screen, the computer shows a picture
that a pilot sees from a real cockpit. Simulation
techniques are used to teach everything of
piloting, learn safety procedure in an oil
company, bomb-making, temperature and
pressure constraints in natural gas pipelining, etc.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in
Engineering
• The role and importance of computer are very
significant in each field of engineering, e.g. computer
engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering,
mechanical engineering, etc.
• Auto CAD (automatic computer aided design) is the
computer software which is used by the engineers,
designers, and architectures for designing of vehicles,
mapping of buildings, roads, bridges, and industries,
etc.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Store (Markets )

• The store is the place where different types of items are lying for selling or buying. All
the data of the items are fed to the computer to show the economic status of the
store.
• All activities of the market are controlled by the computer that identified the current
status of the market.
• Now the online business is growing. There are online stores available on the internet.
We can quote order for any product, and the company ships their products at the
home address. Most of the companies are selling their digital products online, e.g.
computer software, video tutorials, ebooks, etc. these companies are doing very
successful business.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Law

• The uses of computer in law chamber are very important for keeping the record of
the cases. Lawyers studies and take assistance from these cases which have been
already decided.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in
Defense
• Like another department computer also play a
great role in the army and defense system. All the
new weapons and defense appliances are run and
controlled by the computer. For example, atomic
technology, missiles technology, tanks, radars, and
airforce is totally computerized. Coordinates system
is used to target the correct position of the enemy,
which is online possible by the computer.
 Uses of Computers in Different Fields

Importance/Uses of Computer in Home

• Computer plays a very significant role at our home. We can do every work by
computer with an internet connection from home.
• A student can make their research, reading books, viewing tutorials videos,
etc. Students can also prepare their own academic notes. Online dictionaries
are also available and it is very useful to increase vocabulary.
• We can run own online business from home, e.g. blogging, freelancing, digital
marketing, and store, etc.