TEFL Methodology

An Introduction
 Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL)
refers to teaching English to students whose first
language is not English.

Basic Concept TEFL methodology is highly developed and the

most up-to-date training courses turn out teachers

Of TEFL who use a communicative approach and a student-

centered style of teaching.

To understand TEFL methodology, we should

familiarize ourselves with some basic terms, such
as, first, second, and foreign language.
First language

• First language is a language that is firstly

learned by children after they are born.
• First language is often called mother
tongue, native tongue or L1.
• For Example: A child who is born in
Java from Javanese parents who speak
Javanese in their daily life possibly has
Javanese as his/her first language. 
Second
Language

Second language is
For Example:
the language learned
by a child after the The Javanese child
first language.  whose first language
is Javanese might
have Bahasa
Indonesia as his/her
second language.
Foreign language
• Foreign language is a
language acquired and
spoken by a person after the
first and second language.
• In  Indonesia, in general,
English is not spoken in
daily life. 
The teaching of Language skills and Language
Components 

Language components consist of

Language skills consist of pronunciation, which includes
listening, speaking, reading and stress, rhythm, and intonation,
writing. grammar or structure, and
vocabulary. 
Approaches, Methods, and
Techniques
Approach

approach is a set of correlative assumptions dealing with the nature of

language and the nature of language teaching and learning.

Approach is a theoretical basis for a method

It based on some lingusitics assumptions
Linguistic Assumptions:

1 2
Learning language means Learning language, means
trying familiarize and use trying to acquire the ability to
language to communicate. communicate verbally.
The pressure is on habit. Pressure
learning on the acquisition of
speaking skills.
3
Understanding the principles
underlying speech.  the stress
learning on the cognitive
aspects of language, not on
the ability to use language.
Method

Method is an overall plan for the orderly

presentation of language material, no
A method is procedural. Within one
part of which contradicts, and all of
approach, there can be many methods.
which is based upon, the selected
approach.
Technique
• A technique is implementational - that which
actually takes place in a classroom.
• The learning technique is the teacher's way of
delivering the teaching materials that have been
• compiled (in the method), the approach
adopted.