Exploring historical setting of

international relation :
before & during “modern era”
1. Rainassance interstate politics
2. The birth of the modern world
3. The growth of the interstate system
4. The rise of popular sovereignty & mass participation
 Chronology
(what was happened actually?)
before until during modern era

• The popularity Ancient greek (humanis) system was decrease

• It changes by church otoritary, they become otoritary because of the birth and the
progress of turki islam empire and martin luther king made new religion
“protestan”(1517). that otoritary of church trigger “perang salib” ,
(30 th of religious war) (1618-1648)

• Reinassance

• after reinaissance, humanisme which human think rasionaly and have the right to
determine everything apart from the various values . Tend seculer and unvalueble from
religion,pendeta dan kitab suci . Are evolve

• Westphalian treathy (1648) is made for making peace after (30 th of war) and
competition between hapsburg dynasti and bourboun dynasti
 Reinassance (reborn)
• Art -> Leonardo da vinci (helicopter design), william
shakespere (Hamlet,Romeo&juliet, julius caesar)
• Science ->copernicus ,galileo (heliosentris’s theory)
• Discovery -> marco polo (imago mundi , II millione)discover
ocean , christoper colombus
• Exploration of new continent -> , amerigo vespuci wrote new place
named Amerika in map which found by colombus when he get lost
in haiti
• Astronomy
• Decline of feodal system
• The growth of commerce
• Invention of inovation ;
Educational -> Paper,printer, transportastion-> marinir’s compass ,
war->gunpowder, fire arms
 Rainassence interstate politics
Italy rainaissence Northern rainaissance

1.King, religion (the pope), patron
balanced position. (Resulting in
Anarchy, no its highest authority in
government)
2.Etiquette, nobility is measured from the
level table manner, how to greet guests 3.New modes of bearaucracy,
3.New made of diplomacy, ambassadors
placement
4.The art of state. Machiavelian, city-
state should be sly like a fox, slippery
as snakes, big as elephants, wild like a
tiger
5.Isolation
6.Patron-big business investors
1.The position of the king is the
highest
2.Nobility is measured as
wealth
workers are allowed to
produce as freely as his free
4.Expansion and out war
5.Expansion
6.Boron - landlords / owners of
agricultural land
 30 th of war and westphalian threaty
• Cause:
1. Conflicts between the Protestant and Catholic, church
reformation and counter-reformation church
2.Competition between the Hapsburg dynasty and bourbon
•
Effects - the war:
1. universal church failed
2. The outbreak of the European nation states
•
+ Effects of war:
The arrival of European stability paves the way
Westphalian International society based from three principle :

1. rex est imperator in regno suo

(the king is emperor in his own realm)
Sovereigns are not subject to any higher politic authority,
every king is independent and equal to other king.
2. Cujus regio ejus religio
(the ruler determines the religion of his realm)
Outsiders have no right to intervene in a sovereign jurisdiction on
religious grounds
3.Balance of power
Intended to prevent any hagemon from arising and dominating
everybody else
 Birth of modern era was started by..

• Industrial-technological-educational-
governmental revolution
 The birth of modern world

“The state system changes after westphalia”

• The growth of representative government
• The Industrial Revolution
• Population changes
• The development of international law
• The development of methods of diplomacy
• In the economic sphere countries increasingly mutually
dependent
• The emergence of procedures to resolve things peacefully,
Westphalia can be said to have endorsed a system of nation states.
because it has been acknowledged that, the empire can no
longer force the loyalty of the nation-state (negara2 bagiannya)
and that the pope can not implement parts of its power, though
in a matter of spiritual

(Wiriaatmadja MA ,Drs .Suwardi.1967.Pengantar Ilmu Hubungan

Internasional)
 Mass participation

• 16th century when in Europe, sovereignty was handle under

the emperor’s charge in the Christian kingdom.
• In the 18th century, the other form of sovereignty was found
• In the United Kingdom during 18th and 19th century, the
sovereignty is in the hand of parliament.
• There is a big different come in the end of 20th and the
beginning of 21st century when the sovereignty is in the hand
of democratic states
• And also ancient Greeks,the ancient Greeks evolved a
special political vocabulary that include
‘reconciliaton’,truce’,convention’,’arbitration’,’treaty’,peace’
among other translate words. they had a concept of
neutrality which was expressed by a word that translates
’to say quiet’(Nicolson 1954:3-14)
• Thankyou..
• Mercie..
• Xiee xie..