Fluorescence

Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other
electromagnetic radiation. (Wikipedia)
• Fluorophores—molecules absorb specific wavelength of light, and thus has
excitation adsorption spectrum, then emit light, and thus has the emission
spectrum
• Can’t excite a fluorophore with any wavelength of light. The adsorption is
very specific

Can this fluorophore absorb green and emit blue?

 Jablonski Diagram

10-14 s ~ 10-11 s
Fluorescence process
internal conversion 1. e- absorbs energy and get excited
S2
2. e- quickly relaxes to closest electronic state through
10-15 s vibrations and rotations(internal conversion)

3. e- relaxes to ground electronic state by emitting a

S1 photon
Emission spectrum

Radiative relaxation 10-9 s ~10-6 s

S0
 Jablonski Diagram

10-14 s ~ 10-11 s
internal conversion Intersystem crossing
S2
T2
10-15 s
Triplet state ⇃↾
  ⇃↾
  ↾↾
 

p orbitals
S1
⇃↾
  ⇃↾
  ⇃↾
 

p orbitals
phosphorescence process

S0 10-3 s ~ 100 s
Phosphorescence process
 Jablonski Diagram

10-14 s ~ 10-11 s
internal conversion Intersystem crossing
S2
T2
10-15 s
Reverse intersystem Triplet state
crossing
S1

Delayed fluorescence
Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence(TADF) is
used in increasing the efficiency of OLED
S0
 Fluorescence Spectroscopy
 Stoke’s shift

Can this fluorophore absorb green and emit blue?