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Process Cost Accounting: Overview and Analysis: Accounting Principles, Eighth Edition
Process Cost Accounting: Overview and Analysis: Accounting Principles, Eighth Edition
Process Cost
Accounting:
Overview and
Analysis
Accounting Principles, Eighth Edition
Chapter
21-1
Study
Study Objectives
Objectives
Chapter
21-2
Study
Study Objectives
Objectives
Chapter
21-3
Preview
Preview of
of Chapter
Chapter
Chapter
21-4
Process
Process Cost
Cost Accounting
Accounting
Comprehensive
Nature of
Equivalent Example of Contemporary
Process Cost
Units Process Developments
Systems
Costing
Chapter
21-5
Nature
Nature of
of Process
Process Cost
Cost Systems
Systems
Chapter
LO 1: Understand who uses process cost systems.
21-6
Comparison
Comparison of
of Products
Products Produced
Produced
Under
Under Process
Process and
and Job
Job Order
Order Cost
Cost Systems
Systems
Chapter
LO 1: Understand who uses process cost systems.
21-7
Let’s
Let’s Review
Review
Chapter
LO 2: Explain the similarities and differences between
21-9 job order cost and process cost systems
Job
Job Order
Order Cost
Cost vs
vs Process
Process Cost
Cost Flow
Flow
Chapter
LO 2: Explain the similarities and differences between
21-10 job order cost and process cost systems.
Similarities
Similarities and
and Differences
Differences in
in Cost
Cost Systems
Systems
Similarities
The accumulation of costs is the same in both systems.
Chapter
21-11
LO 2: Explain the similarities and differences between
job order cost and process cost systems.
Similarities
Similarities and
and Differences
Differences in
in Cost
Cost Systems
Systems
Differences
Chapter
21-12
LO 2: Explain the similarities and differences between job
order and process cost systems.
Similarities
Similarities and
and Differences
Differences in
in Cost
Cost Systems
Systems
Differences
Chapter
21-13
LO 2: Explain the similarities and differences between job
order and process cost systems.
Major
Major Differences
Differences Between
Between Job
Job Order
Order and
and
Process
Process Cost
Cost Systems
Systems
Chapter
21-15
LO 2: Explain the similarities and differences between
job order cost and process cost systems.
Process
Process Cost
Cost Flows
Flows Illustrated
Illustrated
Chapter
21-17 LO 3: Explain the flow of costs in a process cost system.
Assignment
Assignment of
of Manufacturing
Manufacturing Costs
Costs
Chapter
21-18 LO 3: Explain the flow of costs in a process cost system.
Assignment
Assignment of
of Manufacturing
Manufacturing Costs
Costs
Materials
A process cost system requires fewer material
requisition slips than a job order cost system
Materials are used for processes and not specific jobs
Requisitions are for larger quantities of materials
Chapter
LO 4: Make the journal entries to assign manufacturing
21-19 costs in a process cost system.
Assignment
Assignment of
of Manufacturing
Manufacturing Costs
Costs
Chapter
21-20
LO 4: Make the journal entries to assign manufacturing
costs in a process cost system.
Assignment
Assignment of
of Manufacturing
Manufacturing Costs
Costs
Chapter
21-21
LO 4: Make the journal entries to assign manufacturing
costs in a process cost system.
Assignment
Assignment of
of Manufacturing
Manufacturing Costs
Costs
Chapter
21-22 LO 4: Make the journal entries to assign manufacturing costs
in a process cost system.
Assignment
Assignment of
of Manufacturing
Manufacturing Costs
Costs
Chapter
21-23 LO 4: Make the journal entries to assign manufacturing costs
in a process cost system.
Let’s
Let’s Review
Review
Chapter
21-24 LO 4: Make the journal entries to assign manufacturing costs
in a process cost system.
Equivalent
Equivalent Units
Units
Example – XYZ College
Compute the cost of instruction at XYZ College per
full-time equivalent student based on the following
information:
Total cost of instruction is $9,000,000.
There are 900 full-time students and 1,000 part-time
students.
Part-time students take 60% of the classes of a regular
student.
Chapter
21-25 LO 5: Compute equivalents units.
Equivalent
Equivalent Units
Units Example
Example Continued
Continued
Cost of instruction
per full-time equivalent student
equals
Chapter
21-26 LO 5: Compute equivalent units.
Equivalent
Equivalent Units
Units –– Weighted
Weighted Average
Average Method
Method
Chapter
21-27 LO 5: Compute equivalent units.
Equivalent
Equivalent Units
Units –– Refinements
Refinements
Weighted
Weighted Average
Average Method
Method
Example
The Kellogg Company uses 3 departments (Mixing,
Baking, and Freezing/Packaging) to produce waffles.
Chapter
21-28 LO 5: Compute equivalent units.
Equivalent
Equivalent Units
Units –– Refinements
Refinements
Weighted
Weighted Average
Average Method
Method
Example - Continued
Mixing Department Raw Materials information:
All ingredients (materials) are added at the beginning of the
mixing process
All units, regardless of degree of completion, are 100%
complete as to materials
Chapter
21-29 LO 5: Compute equivalent units.
Equivalent
Equivalent Units
Units –– Refinements
Refinements
Weighted
Weighted Average
Average Method
Method
Example - Continued
Computation of Mixing Department’s Equivalent Units
Chapter
21-30 LO 5: Compute equivalent units.
Equivalent
Equivalent Units
Units
Chapter
21-31 LO 5: Compute equivalent units.
Let’s
Let’s Review
Review
The Mixing Department’s output during the period
consists of 20,000 units completed and transferred
out, and 5,000 units in ending work in process 60%
complete as to materials and conversions costs.
Beginning inventory is 1,000 units, 40% complete as to
materials and conversion costs. The equivalent units of
production are:
a. 22,600 b. 23,000
c. 24,000 d. 25,000
Chapter
21-32 LO 5: Compute equivalent units.
Production
Production Cost
Cost Report
Report
Chapter
21-33
LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a
production cost report.
Flow
Flow of
of Costs
Costs in
in Making
Making Eggo
Eggo Waffles
Waffles
Chapter
21-34
LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a
production cost report.
Comprehensive
Comprehensive Example
Example of
of Process
Process Costing
Costing
Basic Information
Chapter
21-35
LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a production cost report.
Comprehensive
Comprehensive Example
Example Continued
Continued
Chapter
21-36
LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a production cost report.
Comprehensive
Comprehensive Example
Example Continued
Continued
Chapter
21-37
LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a
production cost report.
Comprehensive
Comprehensive Example
Example Continued
Continued
Step 2: Compute Equivalent Units of Production
Measure of a department’s productivity
Two computations required:
one for materials and one for conversion costs
Beginning work in process ignored
Chapter
21-38 LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a production cost report.
Comprehensive
Comprehensive Example
Example Continued
Continued
Materials
Conversion
Total Manufacturing
Chapter
21-39 LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a production cost report.
Comprehensive
Comprehensive Example
Example Continued
Continued
Chapter
21-40 LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a production cost report.
Comprehensive
Comprehensive Example
Example Continued
Continued
Chapter
21-41 LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a production cost report.
Comprehensive
Comprehensive Example
Example Continued
Continued
Chapter
21-42 LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a production cost report.
Comprehensive
Comprehensive Example
Example Continued
Continued
Step 4: Prepare Cost Reconciliation Schedule
Costs Charged to Mixing Department:
Cost of Beginning Work in Process $ 85,000
Costs Started into Production During Period 570,000
Total Costs to be Accounted For $ 655,000
Chapter
21-43 LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to prepare a production cost report.
Production
Production Cost
Cost Report
Report -- Mixing
Mixing Department
Department
Chapter
21-44 LO 7: Prepare a production cost report.
Let’s
Let’s Review
Review
Chapter
21-45 LO 6: Explain the four steps necessary to preprae a production cost report.
Contemporary
Contemporary Developments
Developments
Chapter
21-46 LO 8: Explain just-in-time (JIT) processing.
Contemporary Developments - JIT
Chapter
21-47 LO8: Explain just-in-time (JIT) processing
Contemporary
Contemporary Developments
Developments
Chapter
21-48 LO 9: Explain activity-based costing (ABC).
Contemporary
Contemporary Developments
Developments
Chapter
21-49 LO 9: Explain activity-based costing (ABC).
Chapter
Chapter Review
Review -- Brief
Brief Exercise
Exercise 21-8
21-8
Production costs chargeable to the Finishing Department in June
in Castilla Company are materials $15,000, labor $29,500,
overhead $18,000. Equivalent units of production are materials
20,000 and conversion costs 19,000. Compute the unit costs
for materials and conversion costs.
Unit costs for Materials:
$15,000 ÷ 20,000 units = $.75 per unit
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Chapter
21-51