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RTA RADIOGRAPHIC EQUIP WK 2 Spring 2009.pptx123
RTA RADIOGRAPHIC EQUIP WK 2 Spring 2009.pptx123
WEEK 2
RADIOGRAPHIC
EQUIPMENT
Spring 2009
Radiographic Room
OBJECTIVES
• IDENTIFY GENERIC COMPONENTS
OF THE RADIOGRAPHIC
EQUIPTMENT
• DESCRIBE VARIOUS PLANES OF
X-RAY TUBE AND TABLE
MOVEMENT
• DISCUSS CONTRAST & DENSITY
“ EXPOSURE FACTORS”
X-RAY TUBE
• MADE OF PYREX GLASS TO
WITHSTAND HIGH HEAT LOAD
• IS GAS EVACUATED
– (so electrons won’t collide with the air
molecules in the tube)
XRAY TUBE HOUSING
• MADE OF LEAD AND STEEL
• Primary components
ANODE (+)
&
CATHODE (-)
\
X-Ray Machine
• Purpose:
– provide a specific current (mA) & voltage
(kV) to the x-ray tube
– convert electrical energy to electromagnetic
energy (x rays) in a controlled manner
• control the energy of the x-ray photons
• control the number of photons
kVp & mAs
Early X-ray Tube
THE X-RAY TUBE
• The X-Ray tube is
the single most
important component
of the radiographic
system. It is the part
that produces the X-
rays
How Are X-rays Made?
• X-rays are produced
when electrons strike
a metal target.
• The electrons are
released from the
heated filament and
accelerated by a high
voltage towards the
metal target.
• The X-rays are
produced when the
electrons collide with
the atoms (electrons)
of the metal target.
X-ray PHOTONS
• Electromagnetic waves
• Wave-particle duality
• Negative charge
How “X-rays” are created
• Positive voltage (kVp) is applied to ANODE
TO PRODUCE X-RAYS
YOU NEED:
• A SOURCE OF ELECTRONS
anode electrons
• CURRENT TO
STATOR
CAUSES
ROTATION OF
Anodes - Target
Rotating Anodes
• 2” to 5” disk (focal
Cu track)
W Molybdenum or
Graphite base
• TECHNIQUE
SELECTION
• Located OUTSIDE of
the Radiographic
Room
The Control Console
• The control console is
device that allows the
technologist to set
technical factors (mAs
& kVp) and to make
an exposure.
• Only a legally
licensed individual is
authorized to
energize the console.
“Technique”
kVp , mAs (mA x s)
• What is set at the control panel
• How the “image” is created on the
“film” or Image receptor (digital)
• Lead markers
• Gurney
X-ray Tube Construction
A
B D F
C G
E
Radiographic Equipment
X-ray Tube Construction
A. Glass housing (envelope)
B. Molybdenum neck of the anode
C. Stators /Electromagnets
D.Tungsten anode (focal spot)
E. Window or port for beam exit
F. Filament (cathode)
G. Focusing cup