COLD WAR

Introduction:
What (Relation)?
= suspicion and rivalry
Who ? (Parties involved)
= Communist bloc VS Capitalist bloc
(USSR) (USA)
When?
= After WW2  1970s? 1980s?
 stages of Cold War
1946-1950s
= War of words
Extended to local military conflicts too

1970s to 1980s
= Relations began to improve

1989
= Downfall of communist governments in Eastern Europe

1991
= Collapse of USSR
= End of Cold War
From allies to foes

WHY ??
 Background of Cold War

1.Ideological differences
2.Conflict of national interests
3.Growth of Communist power threatened
the Western Powers
 1. Ideological Conflict

Communism Capitalism
 Totalitarian communism  Democratic capitalism

 Dictatorship of the  Capitalist dominance

proletariat (party politics)

 Abolition of private  Emphasis on individual

property property and rights

 Central planning economy  Market economy

 World Revolution  Containment policy

(export of communism) (checking of communism)
2. Conflict of national interests
3. Expansion of Communist (Soviet) power
alarmed the USA

Stalin / USSR
Communism
3. Expansion of Communist (Soviet) power alarmed
the USA  US reacted by containment

Stalin / USSR
Communism
 Background of Cold War

1.Ideological differences
2.Conflict of national interests
3.Growth of Communist power threatened
the Western Powers
 Development of Cold War
1. Iron curtain speech by Churchhill (3/1946)
2. Truman Doctrine (3/1947)
3. Marshall Plan (6/1947)
4. Cominform (1947) and Comecon (1949)
5. Berlin Blockade (1948-49)
6. North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO (1949)
7. Warsaw Pact (1955)
8. Korean War (1950-53)
9. Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
10. Vietnam War (1965-75)
11. Waning of the Cold War
12. End of Cold War (End of USSR, 1991)
“From Stettin on the
Baltic to Trieste on the
Adriatic, an iron
curtain has descended
across the continent …
This is certainly not
the liberated Europe
we fought to build up.
Nor is it one which
contained the
essentials of
permanent peace.”
Iron Curtain
Speech =

Warning against
communist
(Soviet) threat
A response to Communist threat in Greece 
beginning of containment policy
“I believe that it must be the policy of the
United States to support free peoples who
are resisting attempted subjugation by
armed minorities or by outside pressures.
If Greece should fall, confusion and disorder
might well spread throughout the Middle
East. The free peoples of the world look to
us for support in maintaining those
freedoms … ”
 To check
communism by
economic aids
 Soviet
countermove

To counteract the Marshall Plan and OEEC, Soviet

Russia introduced the Molotov Plan and organized the
Comecon  Open competition between two blocs
 Comecon
OEEC

Truman
(USA) Stalin
(USSR)
A high point of
Cold War
 A cartoon on the
Berlin airlift.

Although the USSR

finally lifted the
blockade in May 1949,
the Berlin Crisis led to
the formation of two
Germanys.
The Berlin
Wall was built
in 1961 to stop
people from
running to
West Berlin.

U-Tube/ Rise & fall of

Berlin Wall
Europe was
divided into
two armed
camps.
 Cold War
spread to Asia

The UN rushed to
save Korea
 War between
US & USSR
(WW3) almost
broke out
Khrushchev Kennedy

Castro
Ho Chi Minh =
Leader of Viet Minh
1968-70
As a result of heavy casualties and strong opposition
at home, the USA withdrew from Vietnam in 1973.
North Vietnam won the war in 1975.
U-tube / Fall of
Saigon
1. Improving relations between the two
superpowers
2. New policy of Gorbachev

Arms talk
between
Gorbachev
and Regan
3.
Fall of
communism
in Eastern
Europe

U-Tube/ Rise & fall of

Berlin Wall

The Berlin Wall

fell in 1989
Eastern European countries
breaking away from USSR
The USSR
collapsed
in 1991.

U-Tube / Fall of
USSR

Fall 2
With the fall of the Communist Party and the
USSR, the Cold War finally came to an end.
In view of the intense rivalries
between the two superpowers
during the Cold War,
Why a war did not break out
between them??
 Both did not want to start a Third World
War.
Nuclear deterrence helped to prevent them
from taking reckless moves.

Mutually
Assured
Destruction

Myth
of ND
 E. Impact of Cold War
1. Expansion and domination of the two
superpowers (Refer to Textbook p.76)
 E. Impact of Cold War
2. Promotion of European cooperation
EEC (1957)
European Economic Community
EC (1967)
European Community
EU (1993)
European Union
EEC (1957)

EU (2010)

27 members
3. Tensions and crises in international relations

4. From confrontation to cooperation

Worksheet 1C.2

Take note:

1. Pick a stand first

2. Design your own
poster
3. In colours
4. With a slogan

Date Due:
 Exam CORRECTIONS
1. Get parent’s signature.
2. Do your corrections
 On A4 single-line paper
 Using GREEN pen
 In QUESTION AND ANSWER
 Include remarks
3. 50% or above  Correct mistakes ONCE
Below 50%  Correct WHOLE paper (Q&A) ONCE
4. Staple answer sheet and A4 paper (corrections + remarks).

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