NM EMS Transmission Applications

© 2003 ABB Power Technologies
1 - Network Management
Network Manager
Energy Management
Power System Control Objectives
 Limits and constraints
 Avoid disturbances
 Fast detection  Q = V and f
 Rapid restoration  Continuity of supply
 Customer service
Security
Quality
Safety
Economy
 Employee  Optimal Dispatching
 Public  Energy exchange-trading
 Environmental impact  Planning
 Maintenance
© ABB Power Technologies - 2
 Deferred investments
Basic EMS Grouping
Transmission Production
Training
Overview of Power Application Functions
Study Database Training Simulator
Power
Weather
Import/Export Warning and Alarm
Forecast
Messages
Network state
and
Load Production Planning power flow
Forecast
Functions
Penalty Factors
Production Plan Network Analysis
Production Control Functions
Functions
Setpoint Measurements
Controls and
Indications
POWER SYSTEM
Network Manager - Network Applications
Monitoring
Status & Analog Retrieval(SAR) Bad Topology Detection (BTD)
Network Model Builder (NMB) Network Parameter Update (NPU)
Scheduler Function (SF) Network Modeling Assistant (NMA)
State Estimation (SE)
Network Sensitivity (NS) Decision Support
Interlocking with LF & SA
Analysis Study Data Base
Dispatcher Power Flow (DPF) Network Save Cases
Security Analysis (SA)
Short Circuit Analysis (SCA)
Operations Enhancement
Optimal Power Flow (OPF)
Security Constrained Dispatch (SCD)
Voltage Stability Analysis (VSA)

Thermal Security Analysis (TSA)
Available Transmission Capacity (ATC=VSA+TSA)
Equipment Outage Scheduler (EOS)
EMS - Network Functions
SNP - Telemetry SNaPshot

Takes an instant copy of the actual power system telemetered
state i.e. breaker states and measured values.
SAR - Status and Analog Retrieval

Combines the telemetry snapshot data with retrieved from the schedules,
to obtain a consistent network state.
BTD - Bad Topology Detection

Checks switch position indications vs. measurements
in order to detect erroneous switch positions and checks
quality of measurement by power balance test.
NMB - Network Model Builder

Builds the bus/branch network model based on the actual retrieved network state.
BSK - Bus Scheduler

Calculates individual loads, dispatches generating units economically and
determines regulation constraints.
SE - State Estimator
Calculates the most probable state of the network.
NPU - Network Parameter Update

Updates the time-dependent adaptive scheduling parameters.

SCA - Short Circuit Analysis

Evaluates the effects of different types of short circuit faults at different
locations of the system.
DPF - Dispatcher Power Flow

Executes the power flow studies for analyzing the results
and provides a base case solution for other applications.
OPF - Optimal Power Flow

Solves power flow problems and schedules power system controls
to optimize some objective while ensuring that the system operating
constraints are not violated.
ISR - Interlock Status and Analog Retrieval

Merges the proposed action into a fresh copy of the current network solution
to obtain the resulting network configuration.
INMB - Interlock Network Model Builder
Evaluates the resulting network bus model according to switching actions
proposed and determines changes in the network and the equipment availability.
IDPF - Interlock Dispatcher Power Flow
Computes a power flow solution to obtain the simulated base case
while determining possible overloads and voltage violations.
ISA - Interlock Security Analysis
Evaluates the effects of outages in the simulated case and determines
which ones will become harmful.
ISCA - Interlock Short Circuit Analysis

Evaluates the magnitude of short circuit current in the simulated case and
determines if the switch-gear capacity is adequate to interrupt them.
NS
SCD
SNP SAR SE
SA
NMB BSK
NPU
OPF
SCA
Interlock
Top seven EMS applications year end 2003
Top favourites in order of priority:

 Operator’s load flow
 State estimation
 Network topology
 Short circuit analysis
 Contingency analysis
 Load forecasting
 Automatic generation control
(source Newton-Evans 2001-3)

Real Time Power Flow

STPF
Network Manager - EMS Value Presentation
 Value select
 Tabular displays
 Status lists
 Result summaries
 Event & alarm lists

State Estimator - Overview
Measure U=R*I
-ments . . .
Solution 
. . . 
 

 
Error Physical laws
Bus/branc
h model • X
•
Voltages
V1,1,V2,2...Unn) & angles
Input: ( )
30 ( ) 29.5
137 kV
-1.43
( )
27.
126 kV
50 ( ) 33.2
-
126 kV
0
50
Output:
( )
5
30 2
( )
48
61.6 8
Complete &
50
19.4 .
6
( ) ( )
29.5
28.4
48 50
consistent network
SCADA measurements
( ) 60
15
119 kV
-5.44
representation
State and flow variables
( ) 60
15
( )
60
15
Security Analysis - Solution & Benefits
G
Case 1 L  Benefits:
 Identifying bottle-necks
L
 Adds confidence to the
P > Limit G operator
L
 Improved reliability
V > Limit
!
 Aid in maintenance
planning
 Overload  Real time evaluatjion of
security
 Voltage violation
 Cascading
Short Circuit Analysis - Solution & Features
 Unbalanced faults (single-phase to ground, double-
phase to ground, phase-to-phase)
 Balanced three-phase faults
G
L
G
L
 Three fault classes:
– standard faults - bus faults
 Bus short-circuit violations – intermediate faults - along
& voltages in one-line diagrams lines

 Sub transient currents – phase-open faults
Dispatcher Power Flow
P+jQ = ?
G P+jQ = ?
G
Line 1
 What if line 1 is
L disconnected?
L  Consequences if a load is
V
L
increased?
L P+jQ = ?
L
P+jQ = ?
Benefits:  Evaluation of operational situations

 Identifying bottlenecks
 Evaluation of security constraints

 Operational and emergency training
 Calculation of losses
Network Modeling Assistant - verification tests
 Parameter test
Warning: SERIES_REACT in line
TROY400BLOD TIE has a value
that is out of range, it is 35.689999 and
it should be between 0.05 and 30.0
 Complete model test
 Topology test
 Term test
 Loose end test
 Island test
Optimal Power Flow & SCD - Objectives & Benefits
Objectives:
 Cost minimization
Benefits:
 Loss minimization  Evaluate power system
!
 Security improvement performance
 Corrective rescheduling  Reduce production costs
 Control efficiency  Security constrained EDC
 Reduce transmission losses
P = 100 MW
V
 Operation closer to network
G
P12 - P21 = 0.2 L limits
 Improve security
L  Field proven
G
L
P12 P = 50 MW
Equipment Outage Scheduler

Savings
 Security Analysis:
 Identify System Bottlenecks in Real-Time

- Indirect avoid 3-5 overload situations per year
 State Estimator:
 Reduced Field Maintenance or Telemetry

0,5 person year of maintenance cost
- More Accurate Penalty Factors
- 0,2% - 0,5 % of losses

 Optimal Power Flow:

 Loss Optimization / VAR Scheduling

3% - 5% of losses
Economical Justification - an example
Svenska Kraftnät (Sweden): Grid Owner
Used functionality: Optimal Power Flow
Transmission: 18 000 MW
Transmission Losses: 350 MW
Loss reduction: 5% --> 17,5 MW

Yearly savings: $20 / Mwh --> ~3 MUSD
B8 B9
125 456 678 345 567 678
C1 Station
A C2
T1 T2
B1 B2
B7
B3 B4 B5 B6 C7
Economical Justification - an example
Cammesa (Argentina)
Transmission losses 3% 200 MW
Reduction of losses with 0.5% 35 MW
Yearly savings ( 0.02 $/KWh ) ~6 MUSD

B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678

C1 Station
A C2
T1 T2
B1 B2
B7
B3 B4 B5 B6 C7
Study Database for Training
Process
Real-Time Data Base

(RDB)
Operation
Study Data Base Study Data Base

(SDB) (SDB)
Simulation Maintenance
Tractebel Engineering
 Tractebel, Belgium
 is owned by Suez, Fr
 produces 50GW, where 30GW in Europe
 owns power resources all over the world
 Project Benefits:
 EMS supplier with proven EMS
 End user Electrabel
 Control System
 in full operation by 2003
 ABB Supply
 Energy Management System
TransGrid, Australia – Transmission Network
 TransGrid is responsible for the New South Wales

main grid 500/130 kV
Sydney  ABB supply
 8 Control Centers incl. emergency control center
 Energy Management System including a Data
Warehouse & a full scope of EMS functions
 Inter-company communication
 Customer benefits
 Improved supervision and control
 Improved disturbance analysis
 In Operation 2000
ADWEA, Abu Dhabi
 ADWEA – Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority
 Four Control Centers
 National Control Center for HV network
 Two Regional SCADA for the electrical network
 One SCADA for water distribution in Abu Dhabi
 107 RTUs in substations
 ABB supply
 Energy Management System
 Turn-key delivery
 Benefits
 Improved overall remote monitoring and control
 Detection of outages reduce customer interruptions
 Optimum Co-Generation of electricity and

desalinated water
 In Operation 2000/2001
Sydkraft Nat, Sweden
 Sydkraft Nat is a large distributor
 Network - 130 kV to end consumers
 600,000 customers
 ABB supply
 Distribution Management System
 Replacing 19 existing SCADA systems
 Utilizing existing databases
 Customer benefits
 Flexible system operation – day/night time
 Improved network monitoring and control
 Seamless outage management
 Easy to use switch order management
 Historical information for network

 Network information system for assets
 Interface to enterprise SAP R/3
MEW, Oman
Power System
Voltage Levels: 132/220 kV
Total no of information points: 50 000
SCADA applications, e.g:
Authority Assignment
Sequential Control
Utility
Data Warehouse
EMS applications, e.g:
Client/Server configuration Load Frequency Control
7 ES40 servers; redundancy Economic Dispatch Calculations
Graphical User Interface Load Forecasting
7 FG workstations; 3 CRTs Reactive Power Scheduling (Optimal Power Flow)
5 Office workstations
Network Analysis (Topology and State Estimation)
Large overview screen, 3x4 meters
Security Assessment
Communication System Short Circuit Analysis
OpticalFiber; 38 kbps redundancy
Bus Load Forecast

PLC; 1200 bps
RTU
Operator Training Simulator
Communication
IEC 870-5-101
32 RTU560
7 Substation Automation Systems
1 existing GE Harris
SONELGAZ, Société Nationale d’Eléctricité et de Gaz, Algeria
Sonelgaz - ”Renouvellment des Dispatchings”

 Objectives
 To improve efficiency of national power supply
 Establish 5 new load dispatch centers and IT-systems
 Benefits
 Matching national energy supply with demand
 Improved monitoring and control of
power generation and transmission network
 Cost savings in network operation
 Project
 National Control Center and an emergency NCC
 4 Regional Control Centers
 Control Center Buildings
 Master Stations and RTUs

 Training
 5 year support contract
 6 SPIDER™ EMS
 In operation beginning of 2004
Sonelgaz EMS Configuration
CNC  Six Client/Server configurations
National CC
CNCR  8 Application servers for each region;
Emergency Redundancy
 User Interfaces
CRC
Oran Region  13 operator workstations per region;
CRC
3 remote
Alger Region  Communications
CRC  PCU400 servers for RTU communication
Annaba Region
IEC870-5-101
CRC HNZ
Setif Region
 IEC 870-6 TASE.2/ICCP
CRC (existing)
Sud Region  RTUs
 47 RTU560
CRC
(Future)  200 existing ECP85 (Alstom)
Sonelgaz EMS
 SCADA Functions; e.g.
Inter-Center Communication
Dynamic Network Coloring
Disturbance Data Collection; Sequence of Events
 Utility Data Warehouse
 Generation Scheduling and Control
Load Forecasting
Thermal Unit Commitment
CNC
National CC Interchange Scheduling
CNCR Transaction Evaluation
Emergency Automatic Generation Control
Production Costing
CRC
Oran Region Generation Reserve Calculation
CRC
 Network Analysis
Alger Region Network Topology Calculation
CRC State Estimation
Annaba Region Dispatcher Power Flow

CRC Short Circuit Analysis
Setif Region Security Analysis
CRC (existing)  Network Optimization
Sud Region Optimal Power Flow
CRC
(Future)
 Operator Training Simulator
ABB GMS&EMS Control Centers for Italy
 ENEL invests in upgrade of its control

center structure
CCI Venezia
CCI Torino  New SPIDER Control Centers

ISO - National Control Center
3 Regional Control Centers
3 Generation Mgmt Systems
CCI Napoli
 22 Communication nodes, SPIDER
 Upgrading of 245 new RTU 560,

in 400/220 kV S/S
 Communication with 200 existing RTUs
 Communication with ETrans, Laufenburg

Terna (ENEL), Italy
 Reason for CC upgrades
 Inflexible existing architecture
 Obsolence/Saturation of computer platforms
 New electricity liberalised market requirements
 Difficult communication with the external world
 ABB supply
 TSO - National Control Center
 3 Generation Mgmt Systems for GENCOs
 22 Communication Nodes
 245 new and 200 existing RTUs
 Customer Benefits
 Security and economy of operation
 Consolidation of control centers
 Improvement of performance/cost
 Independence of electric market model
 One single “network” structure for any present
and future application

Statnett - Control Center Project
RCC N (Alta)
RCC M (Sunndalsöra)
 Statnett is TSO for main grid in Norway

 Building of new Control Centers
 National Control Center
 Control of 110 RTUs, in 400/220 kV S/S
RCC S (Oslo)
 Communication with 54 Control Centers

 Handling of 105 000 data points
 Contract value 15 MUSD
NCC (Oslo)
Statnett - System Configuration
Multi-site Control Centers
B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678 125 456 678 345 567 678
Station
A
125 456 678
C1 T1 T2 C2
B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678 125 456 678 345 567 678 B1 B2 125 456 678 125 456 678
125 456 678
B7
Station
A
125 456 678
C1 C2 C7
T1 T2 B3 B4 B5 B6 1252 123 123 123 123 123
B1 B2 125 456 678 125 456 678
B3 B4 B5 B6
B7
C7 125 456 678 1252 123 123 123 123 123
DEC 3000 AXP DEC 3000 AXP

Alpha Alpha
DEC 3000 AXP DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha Alpha
20,000 points
RCC M 25,000 points RCC N
RCS ELCOM
... ELCOM
WAN RCS WAN
WAN Statnetts own Wide Area Network ... 5 Control
30 RTUs WAN Centers
15 Control 31 RTUs
Centers
B8 B9
125 456 678 345 567 678 125 456 678 345 567 678
C1
T1
Station
A
T2
C2
125 456 678 125 456 678 B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678 125 456 678 345 567 678
B1 B2
B7
125 456 678 125 456 678 C1 Station
AT2 C2
B3 B4 B5 B6 C7
T1
125 456 678 125 456 678

125 456 678
1252 123 123 123 123 123 B1 B2
B3 B4 B5 B6
B7
C7
125 456 678 1252 123 123 123 123 123
DEC 3000 AXP

DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha
Alpha DEC 3000 AXP DEC 3000 AXP
Alpha Alpha
105,000 points 60,000 points

NCC RCC S
ELCOM
ELCOM RCS
WAN ...
WAN WAN
30 Control
4 Control Centers 46 RTUs
Centers
Statnett - EMS Applications
Generation Control & Real -Time & Study

Scheduling Network Analysis
Load Frequency Control
ACE Calculation  Network Model Builder
 State Estimator
HVDC Set-point Control
Manual
 Dispatcher Power Flow
/ Scheduled
 Contingency Analysis
Scheduling  Reactive Control
HVDC Set-point Scheduling  Optimal Power Flow
Interface to Power Plant Control
 Security Constrained Control
Systems
Daily Accepted non-metered  Voltage Collapse Analysis
Interconnect Schedules  Short Circuit Analysis

Daily Accepted Load Forecasts
Equipment Outage Scheduling
Voltage Stability Analysis
Base Case
 Provides PTC transfer SA Contingencies Voltage PTC Limits
limits (maximum MW VCA List Collapse
capacity) - in the current Monitoring Bus
Analysis
topology and with the Voltage Limits
worst contingency!
 On-line contingency
list from SA used
 Voltage Limits
monitoring in the key
station for each PTC
 Binary search to
identify point of voltage
collapse (when the load
flow diverges)
Voltage Stability Analysis

Thermal Security Analysis
 Provides PTC transfer limits (maximum MW capacity) in the
current topology, calculated for the selected PTCs
 Individual branch limits in the PTC not exceeded at the

event of “n-1” contingencies
 PTCs to be analyzed specified in the PTC list
 Overload-Initiated Protection Schemes
SE Solution
DPF Solution Thermal

Security PTC Limits
PTC List Analysis
Other input parameters

Available Transmission Capacity
 Calculates power transfer through the selected PTCs in the

current topology
 Compares with the available (maximum) power transfer
 Provides the spare capacity to increase the power transfer

through the selected PTCs
 ATC = TSA + VSA
 Optionally, can use Operator Defined Limits (ODLs)

Statnett - EMS HV Network Applications
Network Analysis
 Real-time / Study mode functions
 PTC limit calculations / Bottleneck costs
 Automatic Generation Tripping Schemes
 Automatic Breaker-triggered Generation Tripping Schemes
 Automatic Grid-Splitting Schemes
 Fault Current Compensation in 132 kV Network via Petersen coils
Additional application functions

 Power transfer corridors
 Automatic disconnection of generation units (PFK)
 Graphic displays
 Load shedding (BFK)
Statnett - Operational Information System
OIS functions:
 Personnel and personnel schedule information
 Working orders
Vedlikeholdsplaner: Region Syd
 Scheduled maintenance Region/OmrådeRegion Syd Type Alle Status Alle
 Switching agreements Stasjon/Linje Alle Spenning 300kv Skala Uker

1996 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
 Static information displays Nr Stasjon/Linje
Anl.Del Årsak Status 1 8 15
Juli
22 29 5 12
August
96S432-1Hasle 10 G2 Ombygging I Gang
96S530-2Flesaker G1 Årlig RevisjonUtsatt
96S532-1Lysebotn F1 Mekanisk OK Reg.
96S541-1Rendalen G3 Utskifting OK Land
Lukk Detaljplan Ny plan Utskrifter Hjelp

OIS Maintenance Plans
Statnett - Development System
RCC S RCC M RCC N
Picture Data maintenance/ Picture Data maintenance/ Picture Data maintenance/
maintenance EMS/SCADA Test system maintenance EMS/SCADA Test system maintenance EMS/SCADA Test system
B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678 B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678 B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678
B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678 B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678 B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678
C1 T1 Station
A
T2 C2 C1 T1 Station
A
T2 C2 C1 T1 Station
A C2
C1 Station
A C2 C1 Station
A C2 C1 Station
A C2 T2
T1 T2 B1 B2 B7 125 456 678 T1 T2 B1 B2 B7 125 456 678 T1 T2 125 456 678
125 456 678 125 456 678 B1 B2 B7
B1 B2 B7 125 456 678 B1 B2 B7 125 456 678 B1 B2 B7 125 456 678
125 456 678
125 456 678 B3 B4 B5 B6 C7 125 456 678 B3 B4 B5 B6 C7 125 456 678 B3 B4 B5 B6 C7
B3 B4 B5 B6 C7 B3 B4 B5 B6 C7 B3 B4 B5 B6 C7
Picture-database Picture-database Picture-database
Statnett Internal WAN
NCC
Picture Data maintenance/
maintenance EMS/SCADA Test system
Global Maintenance B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678
B8 B9
Station
A
125 456 678 345 567 678
Database (ORACLE)
C1 C2
C1 T1 Station
A C2 T1 T2
T2 125 456 678
B1 B2 B7
B1 B2 125 456 678
B7 125 456 678
125 456 678 B3 B4 B5 B6 C7
B3 B4 B5 B6 C7
Common
Picture Database Picture-database
Statnett - Development System Functionality
 Geographically distributed Data Engineering

 Centralized Repository Server in NCC
 Work Flow Manager
 SCADA EMS Data Management
 SPL code management
 Picture management
 Documentation Management System
 Incremental Database update
 Repository Server including SPICM Code Management
System
Statnett - Development System Functionality
 Tests are performed in DS SPIDER

 Separate RCS for local testing
 Process data updates in DS from real-time system
 Pictures can be linked in online server
 Separate ELCOM s/w server
 No need to disconnect/connect ELCOM partners at
EMS/SCADA switch-over
EMS Benefits
 Optimum allocation of generation resources, incl. reserves

 Optimum transmission network utilization
 Identification of transmission bottlenecks & transfer capacity
 Maximization of security; reduced black-out probability
 Improved quality of supply
Architecture features
 Complete set of EMS-modules
adaptable to any need
Network Manager -
 Leading edge technology & algorithms
The best choice for
 Operator oriented
scheduling, monitoring operator guidance
and control of energy  Peak performance
systems:  Field proven

Generation systems  ABB knowledge & experience
HV networks
SIMPOW – Power System Simulation Software
Main functions:
 Load Flow
 Fault Analysis
 Stability Analysis incl.
- Transient Stability
- Voltage Stability
- Load Shedding
- etc.
 Resonance Freq.
Analysis
 Harmonics Analysis
Models:
 Standard Library
 Dynamic Simulation
Language for user
defined models of:
- regulators
- primary components
Dynamic Security Assessment
 Analyze the angle stability of the current state of the power system
with respect to a large number of single or multiple contingencies.
 Minimum every 15 – 30 min.
 The methodology is to quickly screen the large set of contingencies,
and select a small subset of the potentially most harmful ones for a
full time domain simulation.
 Ranks the contingencies how they perform relative to each other.
 Multiple indices used to prevent incorrect classification of harmful
contingencies.
 A full (approx. 10 s.) time domain simulation is only performed for the
contingencies found to be potentially most harmful.
 Early termination of a full time domain simulation further improves the
speed of the DSA.

Methodology
 A method is used that is similar to the one used by ABB in steady

state contingency analysis.
 Define a set of single and/or multiple contingencies, including fault,
fault clearance and fault clearing time.
 Do a very short time domain simulation for each contingency.
Capture contingency ranking indices.
 Rank contingencies based on the captured indices
 Perform a full simulation for the potentially most harmful, find
contingencies that causes instability.
 Early termination of a full time domain simulation further improves
the speed of the DSA.
 Ranks the contingencies how they perform relative to each other.

DSA results
Contingency ranking
Full simulation results

1
0
CTG 1 CTG 30 CTG 2 CTG 22 CTG 11 CTG 10 CTG 5 CTG 25 CTG 27 CTG 20 CTG 7
Contingency name Contingencies not reaching 10 s. simulation time are unstable
Total relative severity example CTG 1
CTG 30
CTG 2
CTG 22
Contingency names
CTG 11
CTG 10
CTG 5
CTG 25
CTG 27
CTG 20
CTG 7
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Duration
RTSE
RTPF
STSE
NMA verification tests
 Parameter test
Warning: SERIES_REACT in line TROY400BLOD TIE has a value that is out of
range, it is 35.689999 and it should be between 0.05 and 30.0
 Complete model test
 Topology test
 Term test
 Loose end test
 Island test
NMA
NMA
Study Database for Training
RDB Save Case
Study Data Base Application

(SDB) Programs
Save Case

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© 2003 ABB Power Technologies

Study Database Training Simulator

Voltage Stability Analysis (VSA)

SNP - Telemetry SNaPshot

SAR - Status and Analog Retrieval

BTD - Bad Topology Detection

NMB - Network Model Builder

BSK - Bus Scheduler

NPU - Network Parameter Update

Updates the time-dependent adaptive scheduling parameters.

SCA - Short Circuit Analysis

DPF - Dispatcher Power Flow

OPF - Optimal Power Flow

ISR - Interlock Status and Analog Retrieval

ISCA - Interlock Short Circuit Analysis

Top favourites in order of priority:

(source Newton-Evans 2001-3)

Real Time Power Flow

 Event & alarm lists

& voltages in one-line diagrams lines

Benefits:  Evaluation of operational situations

 Evaluation of security constraints

 Complete model test

Equipment Outage Scheduler

 Identify System Bottlenecks in Real-Time

 Reduced Field Maintenance or Telemetry

 Optimal Power Flow:

 Loss Optimization / VAR Scheduling

Svenska Kraftnät (Sweden): Grid Owner

Used functionality: Optimal Power Flow

Transmission Losses: 350 MW

Loss reduction: 5% --> 17,5 MW

Yearly savings: $20 / Mwh --> ~3 MUSD

Transmission losses 3% 200 MW

Reduction of losses with 0.5% 35 MW

Yearly savings ( 0.02 $/KWh ) ~6 MUSD

B8 B9 125 456 678 345 567 678

Real-Time Data Base

Study Data Base Study Data Base

 TransGrid is responsible for the New South Wales

 Optimum Co-Generation of electricity and

 Historical information for network

Bus Load Forecast

Sonelgaz - ”Renouvellment des Dispatchings”

 Master Stations and RTUs

Annaba Region Dispatcher Power Flow

 ENEL invests in upgrade of its control

CCI Torino  New SPIDER Control Centers

 Upgrading of 245 new RTU 560,

 Communication with 200 existing RTUs

 Communication with ETrans, Laufenburg

and future application

 Statnett is TSO for main grid in Norway

 Communication with 54 Control Centers

DEC 3000 AXP DEC 3000 AXP

125 456 678 125 456 678

DEC 3000 AXP

105,000 points 60,000 points

Generation Control & Real -Time & Study

Interconnect Schedules  Short Circuit Analysis

Voltage Stability Analysis

 Individual branch limits in the PTC not exceeded at the

 PTCs to be analyzed specified in the PTC list

 Overload-Initiated Protection Schemes