3.

If the circulation is absent, perform

cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
If the victim is not breathing, perform
rescue breathing.
These two procedures make up
basic life support. You will find
the steps in the last part of this
lesson.
 4. If circulation and breathing are
present, conduct secondary
assessment. Secondary assessment is
composed of three major components.
 History
The first aider must ask about the
victim’s medical information by
thinking of the acronym SAMPLE.
S IGNS AND SYMPTOMS FELT BY THE VICTIM

A LLERGIES THAT THE VICTIM HAS

M EDICATION THAT THE VICTIM IS CURRENTLY TAKING

P REVIOUS MEDICAL CONDITIONS THAT THE VICTIM HAD

L AST ORAL INTAKE OF THE VICTIM

E VENTS THAT LED TO THE EMERGENCY SITUATION

 Vital Sign
The first aider must check for
the following:
a. Abnormal pulse rate or breathing

b. Dilation of pupils

c. Change in skin color or body

temperature

d. Changing level of consciousness

(being half-awake)
 Head-to-toe-examinations
The first aider must think of the
acronym DOTS to inspect the
whole body of the victim for:
D EFORMITY OF FRACTURES

O PEN WOUNDS

T ENDER PARTS

S WOLLEN PARTS