Understanding Wheat Parentage

& Pedigree-An overlooked

Muhammad Zulkiffal
Assistant Botanist (Cereal)
WRI, Faisalabad
Understanding Wheat Parentage
& Pedigree-An overlooked

Parentage :
⃝-The state of being a parent
⃝-The kinship relation of an offspring to the parents
⃝-The descendants of one individual

Pedigree
⃝-The pedigree identifies the parents, crossing and selection
history sequences used to produce the cultivar.

Merits:
⃝-Geneticist,
⃝ -Applied plant breeders.
⃝ -Exchange of correct information.
 The pedigree simple
but
not well understood
Mostly overlooked

The pedigree notation used by CIMMYT

CROSS NAME

Breeder can use:

Single crosses: Parent (A) x Parent (B)
Back crosses: Parent (A) x Parent (B ) x Parent (A)
Test cross Parent (A) x Parent (B ) x Homozygous recessive
3-way crosses: Parent (A) x Parent (B) x Parent ( C)
Top Cross: Parent [(A) x Parent (B)] X [Parent (A) x Parent(C)]
Double crosses: [Parent(A) x Parent(B)]X [Parent( C) x Parent(D) ]
Multiple Cross: >4 inbred lines
CROSS SYMBOLS

Cross symbols are used to indicate the cross names

and the order in which the crosses were made.
For simple cross symbols are the slash mark,
/, indicating a first order cross;
//, indicating a second order cross;
/n /, the number ’n’ indicates a cross of order ’n th’
and is used for third
order crosses and higher
*n, indicates back cross symbols and a natural
number ‘nth ‘
Understanding Wheat Parentage

Female parent on the left, &

Male./pollen parent on the right
/
MILLAT11 CHENAB 2000/INQ.91
AARI 11 SH88/90A204//MH97
/ //
SHAHKAR 95 WL711//F3.71/TRM
// /
PAK-81 KVZ/BUHO//KAL/BB
/ // /
Understanding Wheat Parentage

waxwing/PVN//Kiritati/3/Kingbird
/3/
waxwing/PVN//Kiritati/3/Kingbird/4/INIA66/5/PVN
/4/
waxwing/PVN//Kiritati/3/Kingbird/4/INIA66/5/PVN/kingbird
/5/
Back cross designation

A is recurrent (donner) parent:

A*2/B =((A x B) x A))

B is recurrent parent:

A/3*B =[(A x B) x B] x B
Back cross designation
TAM 107 = TAM 105*4 / Amigo 
 
TAM 105 x Amigo

|____ / ____|
|
TAM 105 |
1st BC> |____ *2 / ____|
|
TAM 105 |
2nd BC> |____ *3 / ____|
|
TAM 105 |
3rd BC> |____ *4 / ____|
|
TAM 107
Back cross designation

Blue BoyII = Agent/Tascosa//4*Blue Boy 

 
Agent x Tascosa
|____ / ____|
|
| Blue Boy
|____ // ____|
|
| Blue Boy
1st BC> |____ /2/2*____|
|
|
2 BC>
nd
Blue boy
|____ //3* ____|
|
|
3 BC>
rd
Blue boy
|____ //4* ____|
|
Blue Boy II
Pedigree/Selection History

●CM = Bread wheat (Cruza Mexicana)

●CD = Durum wheat
●CT = Triticale
●CG = Cruza Genetics
●CMH = Prebreeding program
●CIG = Cruza Inter-generic = wide-crosses
●CMSA =Semi-Arid Program

-0Y or 0M = Unselected bulk

-099Y or 099 M = Selected bulk (unknown number)
-010Y or 010 M = Bulk of 10 selected heads or plants
Selection History

●SS =Spring x spring

●SW =Spring x winter
●WW =Winter x winter
●T =Top
●B =Back Cross
●W =Wide Cross
●S =Simple
CM SS 08 B 00792 S
CM SS 08 B 00792 S-099Y
CM SS 08 B 00792 S-099Y-099M

CM = Bread wheat (Cruza Mexicana)

SS = Spring by Spring
08 = Year of the Cross
B = Batan, Y = Yaqui or M = Toluca
00792= Cross Number
S = Single or
T = Top or Backcross
Synonym of some prominent varieties
Varieties Synn Country/Year Varieties Synn Country/Year
Alondra Dhumran Yeman/88 Verry Ariadilu Turkey/87
Golestan Iran/86 Pak81 Pak/81
Ciano Ahome Mexico/70 Mehran Pak/89
Bonanza USA/69 Anapurna Nepal/87
Chaparral USA/68 Falat Iran/89
Colano USA/71 HS-207 India/89
Deklab Australia/73 Jin Xuan China/87
Pavon Gavilan Peru/82 Bluebird Pari 73 Pakistan/73
Giza Egypt/ 87 Nuri 70 Pakistan/70
Hortog Australia/83 Cajeme Mexico/71
Pavon-Pak Pakistan/78 Gwebi Zimbabwe/75
Onda Inia Chile/82 Fink Wari Prue/91
Pilanchu Bolivia/80 Njombe Tansania/88
Blue Jay Tandojam83 Pakistan/83 Mbega Kenya/93
Tanit Tunisaia/80 Iniap92 Ecuador/92
Lira Punjab85 Pak/85 Junco Sariab92 Pakistan/92
Anmol91 Pak/91 Barket Bangladesh
Pirai Ciat Bolivia/92 Galvez Mexico
Cham Sidi okba Algeria/91 Bob white Benteveo Uruguay/89
Dogankent Turkey/87 Don ernesto Argentina/87
Abbreviation of some prominent varieties
Varieties Abb Varieties Abb Varieties Abb

Alondra ALD Chilero CHIL Pavon Pav

Anna purna ANNA Canastero CNR Pirsabak PIR
Ant Bird ANB Cisne inia CIS Sandal SAN

Bacanora BCN Canastero CNR Sparrow SPRW

Bagula BAU Carthage CRT Sunbird SNB

Blue silver BLS Faisalababd FSD Toluca TOL

Blue Bird BB Flicker FLK Totora TOT

Bob White BOW Hartog HTG Torim TRM

Bolsena BOS Kalyan KAL Valdivia VLD

Borluge BORL Kinglet KLT Vanern VAN

Calidad CAL Mexican MEX Verry VEE

Chakwal CHWL Nacozari NAC Victoria VTR

Ciano CNO Maxipak MXP Yecora YR

Cow bird COW Neelkent NKT Zopilote ZP

References
1- Mackay, MC. B. Skovmand, S.P. Martynov, P.N. Fox and H. Sancher.
1996. Genetics resources information package for wheat (Triticum
grip) for wheat. Mexico D.E. CIMMYT.
On diskette.
2. Fox , P.N., Lopez, H. Sancher, R. Herrera and M. Ginkel. 1996.
International wheat information system (IWIS). Mexico D.E. CIMMYT.
On diskette.
3. Purdy L.H. W.Q Loegering. C. E. Konzak and ER.E. Allan. 1968. A
proposed method for illustrating pedigree of small grains varieties.
Crop Sci. 18-916.
4. B.Skovmand, R. Villareal M. Van Ginkel and S.Raja Ram. 1997. Semi
dwarf Bread Wheat. Names, Parentage, Pedigree and Origion.
CIMMYT, Mexico
THANKS
Exercise
Neelkent
HD1230/3*KAL//NAC

ANI
PAKF4/3/TOB/CTFN//BB/4/BMAN/ON//CAL/5/MAYA/TRM//PTM/ANA

CANARIO
HK/38MA//RFN*2/908/3/FN/4/YR

BLUE SILVER
1153/AN//YTS4/N1013/3/LR/4/B4946/Y53//3*Y50