Dr.

Nola Pender has been a nurse educator for

over forty years. She developed the Health
Promotion Model in 1982 and it was revised in
1996. The model has been used for research,
education and practice internationally. It was
designed to compliment models that promote
health protection. She conducted her research
using her model on both adults and adolescence.
Her health promotion model is behind large public
health promotions such as national campaigns for
smoking cessation and other large scales public-
community health promotions (Pender, 1996) (Pender, 1996)

Dr. Nola Pender The Health Promotion Model Basis:

• Individual characteristic and experience both directly and indirectly impact
Health Promotion Model health perception
• Focus on the individual reaching a higher level of health outcomes
• Using nursing actions to endorse and address factors that contribute to
cognitive perception of health status, importance of health, control,
meaning and barriers/beliefs of health promoting behaviors (Ross et al,
2017)

References:
Pender, N., (1996). Health promotion diagram.  http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/85351
Pender, N. J. (1996). Health promotion in nursing practice (3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT: Appleton- Lange.
Ross, A., Bevans, M., Brooks, A. T., Gibbons, S., & Wallen, G. R. (2017). Nurses and health-promoting behaviors:
(Pender, 1996) knowledge nay not translate into self-care. AORN Journal, 105(3), 267–275.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aorn.2016.12.018
University of Michigan, 2021. Nola J. Pender,. School of Nursing: faculty staff directory.