Entity Modeling

Last week has been discussed Context diagram

and functional diagram

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 Entity Modeling

Using Entity Modeling to create the

Effective and Efficient database

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 Outline

Terminology
Type of relationship
Obligatory Relationship
E-R Model
Symbols in E-R Model
Example of E-R Model

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 Terminology

Entity Determinant
Attribute Identifier
Table Code
Relationship Foreign Identifier
Occurrence Relationship Entity

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 Entity

Any objects and concepts

Have mean to the organization
Or relevance to the system being design
Needed to store in the database
Example : student; lectures; subjects;
inventory, customer; invoice

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 Attribute

Any characteristics, elements to define or to

describe entity
Example : entity = Student
attributes: student number
name
birth date

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 Table

Means to show an entity and its attributes

Customer
Custom Address
Number
Name

Inventory
Invento Descri Quantity
Units On Hand Unit
ry No ption
Price

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 Relationship

The association of two or more of entities

Needed to store in the database
Example : invoice FOR customer

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 Occurrence

Every rows of table

Customer
Customer Customer Customer
Number Name Address
C0001 Ali Padang occurrence

C0002 Budi Bukittinggi

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 Determinant and Identifier

Determinant any attribute of the the entity that

determine the value of other attribute; such as
name determine the address of customer
Identifier is one or the combination of the
attribute that identify of the occurrence of the
entity; so it should be unique; such as customer
number

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 Foreign Key and Relationship Entity

Foreign Key is any attributes of the entity come

from other entity, means to represent the
relationship of those entities
Relationship Entity is the new entity used to
represent the relationship two or more entities

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 Invoice Customer
Invoice Custom Number
Date Custom
Number
Name Address
No.

Relationship
entity Foreign Key
Invoice details Inventory
Invento Descri Quantity
Invoice Inventory Quantity Units On Hand Unit
No ry No ption
No. Price

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 Types of Relationships

The three most important relationship type

One to One Relationship
One to Many Relationship
Many to Many Relationship

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 One to One Relationship

If one occurrence has relationship with nor more

than one occurrence in other entity
Lecturers Subjects
Ali English
Susi Math
Dewi Accounting

Lecture 1 Teaches 1 Subject

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 One to Many Relationship

Lecturers Subjects
Akmal Statistics
Ahmad Management

Ali English
Math
Dewi Accounting

Lecture 1 M Subject
Teaches

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 Many to Many Relationship

Lecturers Subjects
Akmal Statistics
Ahmad Management

Ali English
Susi Math
Dewi Accounting

Lecture M N Subject
Teaches

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 Obligatory Relationship
also known as Mandatory Relationship

Determined from each side of entity involve in

the relationship
If every occurrences have the relationship with
at least one occurrence of the other side

Lecturer Head of O Department

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 Entity Relationship Model

• Shows or represents all entities and

relationships relevance to the database
being designed
• Documenting all data to store in database
• As the basis to design phyisics database

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 Symbols for E-R Model

= entity

= relationship

= connective line
1 , M , N = relationship type
O = Obligatory relationship

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 An Example of E-R Model

Customer 1 Have 1
O O Customer Accts
1

For

M
O
Invoice M Contain M Inventory

E-R Model : Sales and Inventory Control System

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