OVER POPULATION

POPULATION OF PAKISTAN
TREND OF POPULATION GROWTH IN PAKISTAN AS FOLLOWS:

• FROM 1955 TO 1985 PAKISTAN`S POPULATION GROW AT A AN AVERAGE

RATE OF 2.6 PERCENT PER YEAR. WHERE IT REACHES ITS TOP IN 1985
WITH 3.9 PERCENT PER YEAR AND ITS LOWEST AT 1.9 PERCENT PER YEAR
IN 1955.

• FROM THE MID 1985 UNTIL THE YEAR 2000, THE GROWTH OF THE
AVERAGE POPULATION SLOWED.

• FROM 2000 TO 2018,THE AVERAGE POPULATION GROWTH WAS 2.04

PERCENT PER YEAR WHERE IT WAS HIGHEST RATE WAS 2.13 PERCENT PER
YEAR.
THE RATE POPULATION GROWTH IN
PAKISTAN
THE POPULATION IS DISTRIBUTED ALONG THE HORIZONTAL AXIS, WITH
MALES SHOWN ON THE LEFT AND FEMALES ON THE RIGHT. MOST OF THE
PAKISTANI POPULATION AGE LIES BETWEEN 10-29 YEARS FOR BOTH MALES
 POPULATION IN PAKISTAN VS WORLD

• CHINA HAVING A POPULATION

OF 1,384,688,986 PEOPLE HAVE
THE HIGHEST POPULATION IN
THE WORLD.

• AT NUMBER 6TH THERE COMES

PAKISTAN WITH 207,862,518
PEOPLE.
 REASONS FOR HIGH POPULATION GROWTH
• HIGH FERTILITY

• DECLINING MORTALITY

• POPULATION MOMENTUM FROM A YOUNG AGE STRUCTURE

• MIGRATION

• OPPOSITION TO FAMILY PLANNING

• BACKWARD FARMING SYSTEM

 HIGH FERTILITY
• FERTILITY WILL BE CONSIDERED “HIGH” IF IT EXCEEDS THE
REPLACEMENT LEVEL OF 2.1 CHILDREN PER WOMAN.

• POSITIVE DEVIATIONS FROM REPLACEMENT LEAD IN THE

LONG RUN TO PERSISTENT POPULATION GROWTH AND
NEGATIVE DEVIATIONS LEAD TO DECLINE.

• FERTILITY IN PAKISTAN HAS BEEN ABOVE REPLACEMENT

FOR MOST OF ITS HISTORY AND ITS CURRENT LEVEL OF 3.7.
 DECLINING MORTALITY
• RAPID DECLINES IN MORTALITY HAVE BEEN THE MAIN
CAUSE OF POPULATION GROWTH IN THE PAST.

• PAKISTAN HAS EXPERIENCED EXCEPTIONALLY RAPID

IMPROVEMENTS IN LIFE EXPECTANCY, FROM 1950–55 TO
65 YEARS TODAY.
 POPULATION MOMENTUM FROM A YOUNG
AGE STRUCTURE
• A YOUNG AGE STRUCTURE IS THE REASON OF HIGH FERTILITY
AND RAPID POPULATION GROWTH IN RECENT DECADES.

• THE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF THESE YOUNG PEOPLE RESULTS

IN A BIRTH RATE THAT IS HIGHER THAN THE DEATH RATE.

• THE EFFECT OF POPULATION MOMENTUM CAN BE REDUCED

SIGNIFICANTLY IF YOUNG PEOPLE MARRY LATER AND DELAY
THEIR FIRST BIRTH.
 MIGRATION
• INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION CAN SIGNIFICANTLY
AFFECT POPULATION GROWTH IN SOME COUNTRIES , BUT
IT OFTEN HAS A VERY SMALL IMPACT IN OTHERS.

• FOR PAKISTAN THE NET FLOW OF OUT-MIGRATION IS

ESTIMATED AT 1 PER 1,000 POPULATION.
 OPPOSITION TO FAMILY PLANNING
• RELIGIOUS PEOPLE AND SCHOLARS DO NOT BELIEVE IN
FAMILY PLANNING AND THINK THIS AGAINST ISLAM AND
ALL ISLAMIC BELIEFS.

• PAKISTANI SOCIETY FEELS PROUD OF HAVING MORE

CHILD BIRTH AND ELDERS OF THE FAMILY ALLOW EARLY
AGE MARRIAGE.
 BACKWARD FARMING SYSTEM
• BECAUSE OF ILLITERACY AND IGNORANCE, FARMERS
ARE NOT ABLE TO USE MODERN AGRICULTURAL
IMPLEMENTS SO THEY REQUIRES MORE MANPOWER.

• BEING UNSUCCESSFUL IN GETTING EMPLOYMENT THEY

INDULGE IN UNLAWFUL ACTIVITIES LIKE TERRORISM.
THERE IS A SPHERE OF TERROR IN PEOPLE AND THEY
WANT MORE CHILDREN CONSCIOUSLY.
 EFFECTS

• EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT IS EXCEPTIONALLY LOW

• AN ESTIMATED 30% OF PAKISTAN'S POPULATION LIVE

BELOW THE POVERTY LINE, IN EITHER RURAL AREAS OR
URBAN "KATCHI ABADIS" .

• WOMEN HAVE SHORTER LIFE EXPECTANCIES THAN MEN,

BECAUSE OF THE MORTALITY RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH
FREQUENT CHILDBEARING.
 EFFECTS
• WITH LARGE FAMILY SIZE AND SHORT INTERVALS BETWEEN
BIRTHS, MOTHERS' AND INFANTS, MORTALITY AND HEALTH
RISKS INCREASE

• CHILDREN ABILITY TO GET AN EDUCATION IS IMPAIRED BY

THE NEED TO START WORKING AT A YOUNG AGE TO
CONTRIBUTE TO FAMILY INCOME OR TO HELP AT HOME.

• RAPID GROWTH OF THE LABOR FORCE WILL TEND TO HOLD

DOWN WAGES.
 SOLUTIONS
1. EMPOWER WOMEN
STUDIES SHOW THAT WOMEN WITH
ACCESS TO REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
SERVICES FIND IT EASIER TO BREAK OUT
OF POVERTY, WHILE THOSE WHO WORK
ARE MORE LIKELY TO USE BIRTH
CONTROL.

2. PROMOTE FAMILY PLANNING

SIMPLY EDUCATING MEN AND WOMEN
ABOUT CONTRACEPTION CAN HAVE A BIG
IMPACT
 SOLUTIONS

3. MAKE EDUCATION ENTERTAINING

THE US-BASED POPULATION MEDIA CENTER GETS CREATIVE
TO REACH WOMEN.

4. GOVERNMENT INCENTIVES
GOVERNMENT TO PROMOTE “RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD”
AND SAY SUBSIDIES SHOULD BE LIMITED TO THE FIRST TWO
CHILDREN UNLESS THE FAMILY IS LIVING IN POVERTY.
 SOLUTIONS
5. ONE-CHILD LEGISLATION

6. END ALL POLICIES THAT REWARD PARENTS

FINANCIALLY BASED ON THE NUMBER OF CHILDREN
THEY HAVE.

7. INTEGRATE LESSONS ON POPULATION, ENVIRONMENT,

AND DEVELOPMENT INTO SCHOOL CURRICULA AT
MULTIPLE LEVELS.
 SOLUTIONS

8. PUT PRICES ON ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS AND IMPACTS.

9. ADJUST TO AN AGING POPULATION INSTEAD OF

BOOSTING CHILDBEARING THROUGH GOVERNMENT
INCENTIVES AND PROGRAMS.

10.CONVINCE LEADERS TO COMMIT TO STABILIZING

POPULATION GROWTH THROUGH THE EXERCISE OF
HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT.
 STEPS TAKEN
• THE POPULATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM OF PUNJAB
GOVERNMENT HAS CONSTITUTED FOLLOWING INSTITUTES
FOR AWARENESS AND HELPING PEOPLE IN THEIR MATTERS :

• POPULATION WELFARE TRAINING INSTITUTE

• CONTRIBUTING TO BUILD HUMAN AND INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY TO
ENGAGE IN POLICY ORIENTED RESEARCH, AWARENESS RAISING
CAMPAIGNS
• ARRANGING ORIENTATION TRAINING PROGRAMMES WHICH TARGET
GROUP INSTITUTIONS AND NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS.
 STEPS TAKEN

• REGIONAL TRAINING INSTITUTE

• HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

• FHC TRAINING CENTRE

• DELIVERING FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
SERVICES THAT ARE SAFE, EFFICIENT, AND RELIABLE.
• TO UPDATE THEIR KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS THROUGH
CONTINUED MEDICAL EDUCATION.
 REFERENCES
•  
• HTTPS://WWW.INDEXMUNDI.COM/PAKISTAN/AGE_STRUCTURE.HTML
• HTTP://WWW.WORLDOMETERS.INFO/WORLD-POPULATION/PAKISTAN-POPULATION/
• HTTP://WORLDPOPULATIONREVIEW.COM/COUNTRIES/PAKISTAN-POPULATION/
• HTTP://WWW.PBS.GOV.PK/CONTENT/PROVISIONAL-SUMMARY-RESULTS-6TH-POPULATION
-AND-HOUSING-CENSUS-2017-0
• HTTP://DOCUMENTS.WORLDBANK.ORG/CURATED/EN/846451468098379399/PDF/MULTI0PAG
E.PDF
• HTTPS://STUDYPOINTS.BLOGSPOT.COM/2014/11/DESCRIBE-EFFECTS-OF-OVERPOPULATIO
N-IN.HTML
•  
• HTTPS://WWW.GOOGLE.COM.PK/URL?SA=I&SOURCE=WEB&CD=&VED=2AHUKEWIIWVZK
84DFAHVIKBOKHZJYDPWQZPWBEGQIARAC&URL=HTTPS%3A%2F%2FTRIBUNE.COM.PK%
2FSTORY%2F984142%2FBACHE-DO-HE-ACHE-GOVT-AIMS-TO-CONTROL-INCREASING-POP
THANK YOU