TRANSPORT PHENOMENA

IN BIOMEDICAL SYSTEMS
Presented by:
Sakshi Jadhav (56)
Sohel Sayyed (57)
Sanika Talathi (68)
Shubham Warange (74)

GUIDE: PROF.(SMT.) KARNE HEMLATA UDAY

THE BIO-HEAT TRANSFER EQUATION FOR
MAMMALIAN TISSUE
•   assumptions that have to be made include:
Many
(1) Homogeneous material with isotropic (same in all
directions) thermal properties;
(2) Large blood vessels are ignored;
(3) Blood capillaries are isotropic;
(4) Blood is at arterial temperature but quickly reaches
the tissue temperature by the time it reaches the
end of the artery system.
The governing bio-heat equation for a mammalian
tissue that includes the heat carried by the blood
vessels is:
RADIOFREQUENCY CARDIAC ABLATION
•   heat transfer in the tissue is governed by the bio-
The
heat equation:

We can compute the electric field intensity by solving

the Laplace equation:

The heat generated, Q, due to Joule heating is given by:

Parameter Value
Nitrogen Diffusivity in blood, DN2, 3000 × 10-12 m2 /s
Blood
Nitrogen Diffusivity in epithelial 5 × 10-12 m2 /s
cells, DN2, tissue
Maximum velocity of blood, umax 470 × 10-6 m/s
Length of alveolus, l 300 × 10-6 m
Tissue Depth, d 1 × 10-6 m
Blood Stream thickness, 2Y 12 × 10-6 m
Inlet blood Nitrogen concentration, 8.125 × 10-2 kg/m3
cblood , inlet
Nitrogen Concentration in air, cair 1.3 × 10-2 kg/m3
Mass Transfer Coefficient, hm 3.97 × 10-8 m/s
 ELIMINATION OF NITROGEN FROM THE
BLOOD STREAM DURING DEEP SEA DIVING
  the blood stream:
In

In the epithelial cells:

)=0

The velocity profile of blood inside the vessel is of the form:

The flux of nitrogen removal from the epithelial cell layer to the air in the
alveolus was determined using a mass transfer coefficient:
)

PARAMETER VALUE
Nitrogen Diffusivity in blood, DN2, Blood 3000 × 10-12 m2 /s
Nitrogen Diffusivity in epithelial cells, D N2, tissue 5 × 10-12 m2 /s
Maximum velocity of blood, umax 470 × 10-6 m/s
Length of alveolus, l 300 × 10-6 m
Tissue Depth, d 1 × 10-6 m
Blood Stream thickness, 2Y 12 × 10-6 m
(a) Alveoli with blood vessels;
Inlet blood Nitrogen concentration, cblood , inlet 8.125 × 10-2 kg/m3
(b) A highly simplified schematic used for computation, showing the
region of blood flow in a vessel and the surrounding epithelial cells. Nitrogen Concentration in air, cair 1.3 × 10-2 kg/m3
Mass Transfer Coefficient, h m 3.97 × 10-8 m/s
DRUG DELIVERY FROM A PATCH
• 
Governing equations Drug delivery in the tissue is
only due to diffusion and so the governing
equation for the problem is:

Aside from the boundary where the drug enters the

bloodstream (right side of skin), all other
boundaries are zero flux:
THANK YOU