LITERATURE REVIEW

ON
INTERACTION OF LEAN CONSTRUCTION AND BIM

CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINIEERING
2020-2021
A.ANIL KUMAR - CE20730
DARA SRUTHILAYA - PhD
AMIT KUMAR - CE20717
NARSINGH RAO - CE20724
 ABSTRACT

• In India, construction industries is one of the largest industries which adapts necessary changes which
in turn results in reduction of productivity.
• In recent years, construction industry has had low increase in the efficiency rate.
• To increase the efficiency rate, two construction concepts were introduced namely Lean Construction
and BIM.
• Each of these construction concepts have similarities and overlapping benefits.
• This study observes synergy between Lean Construction and BIM due to their overlapping benefits and
also shows that collaboration of two concepts which leads to a more integrated process in construction
which in turn yields higher efficiency rate.
 COMMON TERMS USED…

• Lean Construction: Techniques that have been developed overtime and applied to construction
based on the lean principles.
• BIM: It is a tool refers to the process of actors utilizing computer software to develop intelligent
objects and models that are a representation of desired solution.
• Synergy: The interaction due to combination of both Lean construction and BIM concepts to
produce greater efficiency rate.
 INTRODUCTION

• Construction industry is the major contributor to the GDP of the country.

• In the recent years, construction industry did not show appropriate improvements in the productivity
which indicates low efficiency rate.
• In recent past, many developments have been made in construction industry to improve the efficiency
rate namely:
• Use of BIM
• Use of Lean Principles

• In the initial studies, the theory of BIM and Lean construction can be studied theoretically and
applied on the project practically.
 AIM

• To study the interaction between Lean Construction and BIM in design phase of construction to
implement in such a way to increase the efficiency rate.
 RESEARCH QUESTION & OBJECTIVES

• How effectively the production can be improved.

• BIM is utilized in Design phase where as Lean Construction in Production phase.
• For maximum synergy, Lean Construction must be well planned and integrated with BIM.
• In order to answer the research questions, following objectives are set for study:
• Investigate Lean principles
• Investigate BIM
• Intersect both concepts in design phase
• Suggest the improvements in which synergy between Lean Construction and BIM can be implemented
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

• Research carried out is deductive study.

• The studies are from different sources like peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings, past
written master’s thesis etc.,
• The sources were selected based on two criteria namely
1. Relevant information in the study area
2. Highly ranked sources

• These studies suggests how the interactions can be implemented.

 SCOPE & LIMITATIONS

• The research is limited to the use of BIM in the Design phase.

• Evaluating how Lean construction principles interact with BIM.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

LEAN CONSTRUCTION
• Emerged from Japanese automobile industry.
• Mass production.
• From this analysis, production derived was called as Toyota Production System (TPS).
• It offers value from supplier to consumer.
• To improve the system fo mass production, TPS focused on many objectives.
• KANBAN system
• TPS led to mass production and Lean production.
 LEAN PRINCIPLES

• Limitation of non value activities

• Deliverable achieved as per client’s requirements
• Reduced variability
• Reduced cycle times
• Simplify any complex bits yet maintaining quality
• Flexibility in deliverables
• Transparent process
• Maintain control through whole process
• Continuous Improvement made in the process
• Balance flow improvement with conversion improvement
• Benchmark
FIVE FUNDAMENTAL LEAN PRINCIPLES
 APPLICATION OF LEAN

• The Lean principles in construction are applied in a way that the tasks are assigned with required
resources.
• The methodologies of Lean construction that can be used to apply the Lean thinking to
construction includes:
• Just In Time ( JIT ) approach
• Concurrent Engineering
• Last Planner System ( LPS )

• Another application of Lean construction is KANBAN system.

JOURNEY OF LEAN
LEAN TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES
 BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM)

• Professionals define BIM as a visualization tool in construction.

• Designers define it as intelligent 3D models.
• National BIM standard (NBIMS) categorizes BIM in 3 ways:
• Product
• IT enabled collaborative process
• Facility Life cycle management requirement

• BIM is defined as a process in which digital models are created in the design phase and modified
whenever required in the operation phase.
VARIOUS DEFINITIONS OF BIM
MATURITY LEVEL DIAGRAM
 DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS IN BIM

• 4D BIM; programming and scheduling information

• 5D BIM; quantity schedules and costing information
• 6D BIM; facilities and asset management
 BIM FUNCTIONS

• BIM provides a platform for increased efficiency in projects.

• It leads to production visualization in the form of 3D models.
• Another important functionality of BIM is the possibility to quickly generate various design
alternatives.
• BIM also functions to enable building performance analysis to be done.
• It is used as a tool to manage the co-ordination between the actors.
• With the use of BIM software, clashes can be detected early.
• BIM can be used in Cost Estimation.
 LEAN CONSTRUCTION & BIM INTERACTION
FRAMEWORK
• The study focused on identifying the synergy that can be achieved if they are used together.
• Use of matrix framework of interactions, authors identified 56 different interactions out of which
48 are considered constructive.
• From Sacks (2010) study, the interactions between Lean and BIM that are involved in design
phase are three:
1. How multiple team actors are able to modify and edit different design alternatives using different
software packages.
2. How multiple users are able to work in parallel with the same model.
3. How clashes and conflicts are simulated in day to day production.

Contd...
• The above study laid foundation to further investigate the concept of combining Lean
construction and BIM.
• The objectives of Lean construction are obtained by application of BIM.
• When BIM application is used together with collaborative planning, effectiveness in eliminating
non-valued task is possible.
• BIM enables clear design and better collaboration.
• This study has an aim to investigate, how BIM supports changes in design and production
brought about by Lean.
ANALYSIS
 CONCLUSION

• The main aim of this paper was to study about the interaction between Lean Construction and
BIM focusing on the Design phase and implemented to increase the efficiency rate.
• Construction techniques such as Just In Time (JIT), Concurrent Engineering and Last Planner
System (LPS) are applied that was built on Lean principles.
• BIM provides 3D visualization and detects Clash.
• The synergy between Lean Construction and BIM can be implemented if this collaboration is
started early from Design phase.
THANK YOU