1.

Solar geometry
STRUCTURAL CONTROLS (PASSIVE WAY)

• THERMAL INSULATION
• THERMAL CAPACITY
• SOLAR CAPACITY
1. ORIENTATION
2. INTERNAL BLINDS
3. SPECIAL TYPES OF GLASSES
4. EXTERNAL SHADING DEVICES
• Vertical Shading Devices
• Horizontal Shading Devices
• Egg Crate Devices
MECHANICAL CONTROLS (ACTIVE WAY)
OBJECTIVES
• TO PREVENT HEAT GAIN
• TO MAXIMISE HEAT LOSS
• TO REMOVE EXCESS HEAT BY COOLING
1. MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEMS
1. AXIAL FLOW FANS
2. TANGENTIAL FLOW FANS ( WINDOW SPLIT OR CASSETTE UNITS)
• COOLING BY VENTILATION – AIR STREAM OF SUBSTANTIAL
VELOCITY ON THE BODY SURFACE
• EVOPORATIVE COOLING-WATER COOLER
• MECHANICAL COOLING(CENTRAL ,LOCAL AND INDUCTION UNIT)
•Shade and shadow

•Solar azimuth angles/ horizontal position

of sun

•Solar altitude or vertical position of sun

•Day curve

•Solar chart / solar geometry

Horizontal shadow angle –
For vertical shading devices
it’s the difference between solar azimuth and the wall azimuth.

Vertical shadow angle –

For Horizontal shading devices
SHADING DEVICES
Vertical shading devices
SHADING DEVICES
Horizontal shading devices
SHADING DEVICES
Egg crate devices