Digital ICs and Logic

Families
 Modern Digital Systems
• modern digital systems are based on Lo
gic functions, such as AND, OR and NO
T.
• Logic functions are implemented using
transistors.
• Modern digital circuits might contain t
en billion transistors.
 Modern Digital Systems
• Practically ICs are used to combine a large numb
er of transistors and other electronic components
on a chip to achieve a particular functionality.
• This functionality can be as simple as basic logic f
unction (NOT) or complicated (microprocessor).
• Datasheets also provide more detailed informatio
n about the behavior of the IC.
 Families of Digital Integrated Circuits
• A logic family of monolithic digital
integrated circuit devices is a group of elect
ronic logic gates .
• The most common logic family in modern
semiconductor devices is
metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) logic.
• Due to low power consumption,
small transistor sizes, and high transistor de
nsity
 Families of Digital Integrated Circuits
• Logic functions can be built using different technol
ogies such as:
• RTL (Resistor-Transistor Logic, which indicates t
hat the electronic input of the circuit is a resistor a
nd the output device is a transistor)
• TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic, which indicates
that the input and the output of the circuit are tran
sistors) structures of the NAND function.
• CMOS Logic (coated metal oxide semiconductor).
• ECL (emitter coupled logic)
Pin layout of the 4011 NAND gat
e
Implementation of NAND Logic
RTL structure of the NAND function
TTL structure of the NAND function
Emitter Coupled Logic (ECL)
CMOS Logic Gates (NOT)
CMOS Logic Gates (NOR)