Chapter 28

Social Entrepreneurship
in a Globalised World

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Social Entrepreneurship-Definition
• Social entrepreneurship is a process that takes
into account the innovative employment and
combination of resources for pursuing
opportunities to accelerate social change in
order to address social needs.

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Concept of Social
Entrepreneurship

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 Theory of Social Entrepreneurship
• Social venture is guided by push and pull factors and is aided
or restricted by environmental factors. The pull and push
factors influence the outcomes at the individual level and the
country level but the environmental factors impact the
relationship between the factors and the results.
• Individual-level outcomes provide social entrepreneurs with
benefits such as job opportunities and economic profits.
• These advantages lead to country-level benefits such as
women empowerment, community development, poverty
eradication, affordable health care etc.

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 Push and Pull Factors
• The push factors associated with individuals
venturing into social entrepreneurship include
absence of opportunity, job dissatisfactions,
family limitations and unemployment.
• The pull factors related to social
entrepreneurship are market opportunities,
perceived self-efficiency, autonomy
challenges and innovations.

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 Social Entrepreneurship in the
Global Context
• Social entrepreneurship has been adopted
across the world and is regarded as an
effective solution to social evils, environment
problems and issues related to
underprivileged populace. The United States
in ranked number one in social
entrepreneurship followed by Canada and
United Kingdom.

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 Social Entrepreneurship in the
Global Context-Contd.
• Cambodian nations like Thailand, Indonesia
and Philippines are aware of social
entrepreneurship. In China, social enterprise is
growing at a healthy pace. In Hong Kong,
poverty removal is a chief objective of social
ventures. In Central and Eastern Europe social
entrepreneurship is weak whereas in southern
Europe it is growing healthily.

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 Social Entrepreneurship in the
Global Context-Contd.
• Nations such as France, Germany, Ireland and
Belgium regulate the non-profit organizations
that form a part of social entrepreneurship.
Australia has a large number of social ventures
that are assisting in employment generation.
• Hence throughout the world, the significance of
social entrepreneurship has been realized and
countries are creating conducive environment
for it.
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 Constructs of Social
Entrepreneurship
• Social entrepreneurship is carried out by social
entrepreneurs who are proactive, innovative and are
committed to bring social change. The social
entrepreneurs should possess judgement capacity,
should have the ability to identify social opportunities
and should be risk tolerant. They should be ambitious
and clever enough to use minimal resources and
investments to bring social and economic changes.
They should develop, support and create jobs
resulting in better social values.

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 Antecedents of Social
Entrepreneurship
• Antecedents that form the intention for the
creation of social ventures include the
following: Social support ,Prior experience,
with social problems, Educational, social and
moral background, Need for achievement,
Behavioral attributes, Continuous innovation
and learning, Emotional connection to a
particular social problem, Unmet social needs

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 Benefits of Social Entrepreneurship
• Social welfare
• Employment and economic growth
• Affordable health care
• No wastage of food surplus
• Poverty alleviation
• Women empowerment
• Creation of job opportunities
• Creation of social harmony and social equilibrium

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 Social Entrepreneurship and Social
Equilibrium
• Social entrepreneurs facilitate in maintaining social harmony.
They make use of their social ventures to solve social
problems. By doing so, they restore the social fabric of the
society and prevent it from getting damaged.
• They fill the gaps by making available socially significant
products and services thereby fulfilling social needs. This in
turn leads to the maintenance of social equilibrium in the
society.

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 Conclusion
• The study provides the model of social
entrepreneurship development initiatives.

• It mentions constructs, antecedents and

benefits of the social entrepreneurship
development process.

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