CHAPTER 3- RESEARCH/STUDY

APPROACH
Research Design

 Descriptive Research Design

 Quantitative Approach- historical data and past

trends.

 Qualitative Approach- opinions of potential and

professional experts.
Research Strategy and Data Collection
Process

 Primary Data Collection- Surveys

 Questionnaire- Five-point Likert scale method

 Interviews- Senior management of key

stakeholders of Pakistan Energy Sector and some
regulatory bodies
 Research Strategy and Data Collection Process

 Secondary Data Collection- Archival Research Strategy (historical

documents, special library collections, previous surveys etc.) (Marc J.
Ventresca & John W. Mohr, 2001)

 Analysis of the sector- NEPRA, WAPDA

 Historical data- Economic Surveys of Pakistan (2011-2020), Pakistan

Energy Books (2011-2020), State Bank f Pakistan

 Financial Analysis of key stakeholders- HUBCO, PSO, PARCO, BYCO,

K-ELECTRIC etc.

 Industry updates of different brokerages

Target Respondents and Research Population

 Questionnaire 1- Financial Institutions

 Banks and Brokerage Firms

 Questionnaire 2- Non-Financial Institutions

 Oil Refineries and Exploration
 OMCs
 IPPs and Production Sector

 Regulatory bodies (if required)

 354 responses (Morgan, 1970).

Sampling Technique

 Non-Probability Sampling

 Convenience Sampling- Financial and Non-

Financial Institutions

 Purposive/Judgemental Sampling- To identify

different entities in the two categories.
 Research Sampling Split

Banks
Financial
Institutions
Brokerage Firms

E&P sector
Non-Financial
Target Population
Institutions
Oil Refineries

Regulatory
Bodies
Data Analysis Method

 MS Excel (charts, graphs, tables )

 SPSS or Eviews (if required) for complex

statistical analysis
Time Frame
Ethical Considerations

 Consent Form

 Complete data transparency

 Confidentiality of data and identification of

respondents

 No biasness