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  • Programming Fundamentals: by Imran Kazmi

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    Abdul Quddus Khan
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    The document discusses programming fundamentals and covers decision making structures like the if statement, relational operators used to compare expressions, and logical operators like AND, OR, and NOT. It provides examples of if statements in C/C++ and explains how if statements can check conditions and execute different code blocks based on whether the condition is true or false. The document also demonstrates the syntax for if-else statements and uses flowcharts to illustrate the logic flow through if and else blocks.

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    The document discusses programming fundamentals and covers decision making structures like the if statement, relational operators used to compare expressions, and logical operators like AND, OR, and NOT. It provides examples of if statements in C/C++ and explains how if statements can check conditions and execute different code blocks based on whether the condition is true or false. The document also demonstrates the syntax for if-else statements and uses flowcharts to illustrate the logic flow through if and else blocks.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    9 views14 pages

    Programming Fundamentals: by Imran Kazmi

    Uploaded by

    Abdul Quddus Khan
    The document discusses programming fundamentals and covers decision making structures like the if statement, relational operators used to compare expressions, and logical operators like AND, OR, and NOT. It provides examples of if statements in C/C++ and explains how if statements can check conditions and execute different code blocks based on whether the condition is true or false. The document also demonstrates the syntax for if-else statements and uses flowcharts to illustrate the logic flow through if and else blocks.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 14

    Programming Fundamentals

    Lecture 4
    by
    Imran Kazmi
    In the Previous Lecture
    • Type Declaration Instructions
    • Arithmetic Instructions
    • Input / Output Instructions
    • Control Instructions
    Decision
    Decision
    • If the person’s age is equal to or greater than 18
    years than he/she can apply for the driving
    license.
    • If the height of the player is not less than 6 ft
    than he can join basket ball team.
    • Minimum marks to qualify for the next class is
    50%.
    • Bonus is granted on minimum 5 years of service.
    If Statement
    If condition is true
    statements

    If Ali’s height is greater then 6 feet


    Then
    Ali can become a member of the Basket
    Ball team
    If Statement in C

    If (condition)
    statement ;
    If Statement
    If ( condition )
    {
    statement1 ;
    statement2 ;
    :
    }
    Relational Operators

    It is use to compared value of two expressions depending on their relation.

    < less than


    <= less than or equal to
    == equal to
    >= greater than or equal to
    > greater than
    != not equal to
    Logical or Boolean Operator
    • Operator used with one or more operand and
    return either value zero (for false) or
    • one (for true). The operand may be constant,
    variables or expressions. And the
    • expression that combines two or more
    expressions is termed as logical expression.
    • C++ has three logical operators :
    Logical Operators

    • && AND
    • || OR
    • ! NOT
    • Where logical NOT is a unary operator and other two are
    binary operator.
    • Logical AND gives result true if both the conditions are
    true, otherwise result is false. And logical OR gives result
    false if both the condition false, otherwise result is true.
    •Programming
    Practice
    if-else
    if (condition)
    {
    statement ;
    -
    -
    }
    else
    {
    statement ;
    -
    -
    }
    if-else
    Entry point for IF-Else block

    IF

    Condition

    Then

    Process 1

    Else

    Process 2

    Exit point for IF block

    Note indentation from left to right


    • Programming practice

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