OFF CAMPUS TRAINING

Submitted To: Dr. Gurjinder singh

Submitted by : Bablu Ram
Roll no.- 175011029
Batch :2017
 Chak 12 sbn, N.L.G. Marg Panchayat Nagrana,
Sangaria, Rajasthan 335065

Subject title:- To Know About Seed its type,

Certification Process etc.
What is Seed:- The small hard part of a plant from
which a new plant of the same kind can grow.

The three primary parts of a seed are

Embryo:- The embryo is the young multicellular organism
before it emerges from the seed.
Endosperm:- The endosperm is a source of stored food,
consisting primarily of starches.
seed coat:- The seed coat consists of one or more protective
layers that encase the seed.
Types of Seeds:-

1.Monocotyledonous Seed:-
Embryos of a monocotyledonous seed
possess only one large cotyledon called scutellum. Corn, wheat and
rice, are examples of monocot seeds or monocotyledons.
2. Dicotyledonous Seed:-
The embryo consists of an embryo axis and
two cotyledons. The whole content is enclosed within a protective
cover called the seed coat. Peas, almonds and cashews are examples of
dicotyledons or dicot seeds.
CLASSES OF SEED:-
Nucleus seed:-It is the initial Amount of pure seed of An improved
variety or notified variety or parental LINES of a hybrid produced under the
supervision of the evolver of that variety/institute State Agriculture university
Breeder seed (Tag. golden yellow ):-It is the progeny of the nucleus seed
multiplied in a large area under the supervison of plant breeder/institute.
State agriculture universities and monitored by committee consisting of the
representative of state seed certification Agancy,national/state seed
coporations,ICAR nominee and the concerned breeder.
Foundation seed(Tag. White ):-It is the progeny of breeder seed
produced on the farms of state Agriculture universities/other govt. farms and
state seed corporations
It is 99.5% genetically pure seed.
Certified seed(Tag. Blue ):-It is the progeny of foundation seed
produced by registered seed growers under the supervison of seed
certification Agencies to maintain the seed Quality As per minimum
seed certification Standards.
It is 99% genetically pure seed.
Truthfully labeled seed (Tag. opal green) :-It is the category
of seed produced by private seed companies and is sold under truthful
labels. Companies should maintain field and seed standards suggested
for Quality seed production as per seed act.
seed certification:-
Seed certification is a process designed to
maintain and make available to the general public continuous supply of
high quality seeds and propagating materials.
Objective:-
 to ensure the acceptable standards of seed viability.
 The systematic increase of superior varieties;
 The identification of new varieties and their rapid increase under
appropriate and generally accepted names.
 Provision for continuous supply of comparable material by careful
maintenance.
Process followed in Seed certification:-

 An Administrative check on the origin of the propagating

material
 Field Inspection
 Sample inspection
 Control plot testing
 Grow-out test
Phases of Seed Certification:-
Receipt and scrutiny of application.
Verification of seed source, class and other requirements of
the seed used for raising the seed crop.
Inspection of the seed crop in the field to verify its conformity
to the prescribed field standards.
Supervision at post-harvest stages including processing and
packing.
Drawing of samples and arranging for analysis to verify
conformity to the seed standards.
Grant of certificate, issue of certification tags, labeling,
sealing etc.
Angiosperm:-
A plant of a large group that comprises those
that have flowers and produce seeds enclosed within a carpel,
including herbaceous plants, shrubs, grasses, and most trees.

Gymnosperms:-
The gymnosperms, also known as Acrogymnospermae, are a group
of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo,
and gnetophytes. The term gymnosperm comes from the
composite word in Greek which literally meaning 'naked seeds'.
Thank you