Professional Documents
Culture Documents
COLLECTION VIALS
• MUNIZA MUNIR
• ROLL NO 10
• HUMAN NUTRITION & DIETETICS
• (3RD SEMESTER)
• ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS
• SUBMITTED TO: SIR NADEEM
BLOOD COLLECTION TUBES
• Most blood collection tubes contain an additive that either accelerates clotting of the blood
(clot activator) or prevents the blood from clotting (anticoagulant). A tube that contains a
clot activator will produce a serum sample when the blood is separated by centrifugation and
a tube that contains an anticoagulant will produce a plasma sample after centrifugation.
Some tests require the use of serum, some require plasma, and other tests require
anticoagulated whole blood.
PURPLE BLOOD BOTTLE
• Purple blood bottles are generally used for hematology tests where whole blood is required
for analysis.
ADDITIVE:
• Purple blood bottles contain EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), which acts as a potent
anticoagulant by binding to calcium in the blood. EDTA also binds metal ions in the blood
and is used in chelation therapy to treat iron, lead or mercury poisoning. Its blood-binding
capacity also means it can be labelled with radioisotopes and used as an EDTA scan to assess
renal glomerular filtration rate
COMMON TESTS
• Group and save (G&S): this simply means the patient’s blood is typed and tested for
antibodies, then saved in the lab in case it is required; it DOES NOT get you blood products
for transfusion.
• Crossmatch (XM): this means that the patient’s blood is typed and tested as above, then
matched to specific units of blood, platelets or other products for transfusion. You need to
specify on the form how many units you need, why you need them and when they are
required. A full crossmatch takes about 45-60 minutes in the lab – if you have an unstable
bleeding patient you can use their stocks of O negative blood from the fridge.
• Direct Coomb’s test (a.k.a. direct antiglobulin test) for autoimmune haemolytic anemia.
TIPS FOR USING PINK BLOOD BOTTLE
• The pink tube needs inverting about 8 times to mix the sample with the EDTA. It should
contain at least 1ml of blood, but more is preferred by the labs if at all possible. It has a
special label which needs to be carefully filled in by hand at the bedside to ensure the correct
patient details are used, preventing potentially catastrophic mismatched blood transfusions.
If you need blood for a patient urgently or have any unusual or complicated requests, you
must ring the transfusion lab and let them know, or you risk invoking their wrath.
BLUE BLOOD BOTTLE
• The blue bottle is used for haematology tests involving the clotting system, which require
inactivated whole blood for analysis.
ADDITIVE:
• Blue blood bottles contain buffered sodium citrate, which acts as a reversible anticoagulant
by binding to calcium ions in the blood and subsequently disrupting the clotting cascade.
Sodium citrate is also added to blood products for transfusion and acts as a preservative by
stopping them from clotting in the bag.
COMMON TESTS