SANKAR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) SANKAR NAGAR

DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

N342- MEASUREMENTS,INSTRUMENTATION AND TRANDUCERS

N-SCHEME

By
S.Dilip kumar
lecturer
 ATTRACTION TYPE MOVING IRON
INSTRUMENT
 When this instrument is connected to measure current or voltage in a circuit, a current is passed through the
coil and a strong magnetic field is produced. The oval shaped soft iron piece is pulled within the bobbin,
and thus, a deflecting torque is produced. The spindle connected with the soft iron piece also deflects and
the pointer moves over a scale. Controlling force is obtained by air friction damping.
REPULSION TYPE MOVING IRON INSTRUMENT
 When a current is passed through the coil, a magnetic field is set up in the hollow cylindrical bobbin. The
soft iron pieces/vanes get magnetized. Since the polarities of the two induced magnets are the same at both
ends, they repel each other. Thus the pointer attached with the spindle moves over the scale.
Torque equation of pmmi

 The attractive or repulsive force on the moving iron= FαH.H

The attractive or repulsive force on the moving iron = F αH²
 Since H depends on I,
FαI²
 Deflecting torque is directly proportional to its force acted on the moving iron.
Therefore Tdα I²
 Controlling torque is directly proportional to the angle of deflection of the pointer.
Therefore Tcα Ѳ
 At steady state deflection, deflecting torque is equal to controlling torque,
Therefore Td=Tc
Ѳ α I²
Electrostatic Type Instruments

 suggests the electrostatic type instrument use static electrical field to produce the
deflecting torque.
 1.Thin metal vane
 2. Fixed metal quadrants
 3 . Spindle
 4. Phosphor Bronze spring
 5. Pointer
 6 . Scale
Electrostatic instrument

 The fixed quadrants are connected together and the voltage to be measured is applied
between the fixed quadrants and the moving needle. Due to charge accumulation, an
electrostatic force is set up with the polarities shown in figure, end ‘A’ of the needle is
repelled by the fixed quadrant. End ‘B’ is attracted by its adjacent fixed quadrant and
hence the needle rotates. The suspension produces a controlling torque.
 Deflecting torque = Td = εr2/d v2
 And θ = εr2/kd v2 = KV2