SANKAR POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS) SANKAR

NAGAR

DIPLOMA IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

N342- MEASUREMENTS,INSTRUMENTATION AND TRANDUCERS

N-SCHEME

QUESTION BANK
 Unit 1
Classification and characteristics of instrument
Part A(1mark)
1) An instrument in which the value of ethnical quantity to be measured can be
determined from the deflection of the instrument when it has been
precalibrated by comparison with an absolute instrument
1. Absolute instrument
2. Secondary instrument
3. Recording instrument
4. Integrating instrument

Answer.2. Secondary Instrument

2) A pointer of an instrument once deflected returns to zero position, when the
current is removed due to
1. Action of gravity
2. Mass of the pointer
3. Controlling Torque
4. Damping Torques

Answer.3. Controlling torque

3). Which of the following is not an integrating instrument?

1. Ampere-hour meter
2. Watt-hour meter
3. Voltmeter
4. All of the above

Answer. 3.voltmeter

4 )The deflecting torque in an instrument may be produced

1. Magnetically
2. Electrostatically
3. Thermally
4. Any of the above

Answer.4. Any of the above

5)The advantages of moving coil permanent magnet type instrument are
1. Low power consumption
2. No hysteresis loss
3. Efficiency eddy current damping
4. All of the above

Answer.4. All of the above

6) To take care of change in frequency of the A.C current, while using a moving
iron type instrument
1. An induction coil is used
2. A condenser of suitable value is used in series with the swamp resistance
3. A condenser of suitable value is used in parallel with the swamp resistance
4. A balancing circuit is provided

Answer.3. A condenser of suitable value is used in parallel with the swamp

resistance

7 ) In eddy-current damping systems, the disc is usually made of

1. Non-conducting and Non-magnetic material
2. Non-conducting and magnetic material
3. Conducting and magnetic material
4. Conducting and Non-magnetic material

Answer:- 4. Conducting and Non-magnetic material

8) Which of the following types of instrument can be used for D.C only?
1. Moving iron attraction type
2. Moving Iron repulsion type
3. Permanent magnet type
4. Hotwire type

Answer.3. Permanent magnet type

9)Which of the following types of instrument can’t be used fo D.C

1. Moving iron-attraction type
2. Moving coil permanent magnets type
3. Hotwire type
4. Induction type
Answer.4. Induction type

10) The spring material used in a spring control device should have the following
property.
1. Should be nonmagnetic
2. Most be of low temperature coefficient
3. Should have low specific resistance
4. All of the above

Answer: Option D

11) The chemical effect of current is used in

1. D.C. ammeter hour meter
2. D.C. ammeter
3. D.C. energy meter
4. None of the above
Answer: Option A

12) What is the current transformer?

1) transformer used with an A.C. ammeter

2) transformer used with an D.C. ammeter
3) transformer used with an A.C. voltmeter
4) transformer used with an D.C. voltmeter

Answer: a
13) What is the potential transformer?

1) transformer used with an D.C. ammeter

2) transformer used with an A.C. voltmeter
3) transformer used with an D.C. ammeter
4) transformer used with an A.C. voltmeter

Answer: b
14 C.T. and P.T. are used for _________
1) measuring low current and voltages
2) measuring very low current and voltages
3) measuring high currentsand voltages
4) measuring intermediate currents and voltages

Answer: c
15) If damping torque is not provided in an instrument
1. An instrument will show full wave of quantity even under small values
2. The pointer will move only when full rated load is provided
3. The pointer will oscillate about its final deflected position and will never
come to rest even under steady conditions
4. The pointer will oscillate about its final deflected position for quite
sometime before coming to rest

Answer.4. The pointer will oscillate about its final deflected position for quite
sometime before coming to rest

16) When the damping of an instrument is adjusted to enable the pointer to rise
quickly to its deflected position without overshooting in that case the instrument is
said to be
1. Dead beat
2. Off-Beat
3. Over damped
4. Under damped

Answer.1. Dead Beat

17) In repulsion type instrument the force of repulsion is approximately

proportional to
1. Current
2. Square of current
3. The inverse of the current
4. The inverse of the square of the current

Answer.2. Square of current

18) . ………….. instruments indicate the instantaneous value of the electrical

quantity being measured at the time at which it is being measured?
1. Absolute
2. Indicating
3. Recording
4. Integrating

Ans. 2. Indicating

19 )The use of ………….. instruments is merely confined within laboratories as

standardizing instruments.
1. absolute
2. indicating
3. recording
4. integrating
5. none of the above

Ans. 1. absolute

20). ………….. instruments measure the total quantity of electricity delivered at a

particular time.
1. absolute
2. indicating
3. recording
4. integrating

ans .4. integrating

21 ) A …………. device prevents the oscillation of the moving system and enables
the latter to reach its final position quickly.
1. deflecting
2. controlling
3. damping
4. all of the above

Ans. 3. damping

22 .) ……………….. devices may be used for extending the range of the

instruments?
1. shunts
2. current transformers
3. potential transformer
4. all of the above
Ans. 4
23) The pointer of an indicating instrument should be ……
1. very light
2. very heavy
3. either 1 or 2
4. neither 1 nor 2

Ans. 1

24) In majority of instruments, damping is provided by ………

1. fluid friction
2. spring
3. eddy currents
4. all of the above

Ans. 3

25) The scale of a rectifier instrument is ………..

1. linear
2. non-linear
3. either 1 or 2
4. neither 1 nor 2
Ans. 1

26) Electrostatic voltmeter instruments are suitable for ……………

1. AC work only
2. DC work only
3. Both AC and DC work
4. None of these

Ans. 3

27)In electrostatic voltmeters, the principle of their operation is the force of

attraction between electric charges on neighboring plates between which potential
difference is maintained. The attracted – disc type electrostatic instruments are
used for the measurement of …………..
1. Very low voltages
2. Low voltages
3. High voltages
4. Very high voltages
Ans. 4
28). Electrostatic instruments are generally used as …………
1. Voltmeters
2. Ammeters
3. Wattmeters
4. Watt-hour meters
Ans. 1

29 )working principle of tong tester

1 self induction
2 mutual induction
3 fleming left hand rule
4 Principle of dc motor

Ans 2 mutual induction

30)The potential transformers are used to measure large voltage using …………..
1. High range voltmeter
2. Low range voltmeter
3. High range ammeter
4. Low range ammeter

Ans.2. Low range voltmeter

PART B (3 Mark)
1. Draw the block diagram of automatic feedback control system

2. Explain Accuracy in detail

3. Differentiate Accuracy Vs Precision

4. Explain static error

5. Explain static error correction

6. An voltmeter reads 126.50 V and true value of the voltage is 126.44V. Determine

(i) Static error ( ii) static error correction

7. Explain Deflection system

8. What is gravity control?

 9. What is spring control?

10. Compare spring control and gravity control

11. Explain air friction damping

12. Explain fluid friction damping

13. Explain Eddy current damping

14. What is a tong tester? What for it is used?

15. Explain the working of CT

16. Explain the working of PT

17. State the advantages and disadvantages of PMMC instruments

18. State the advantages and disadvantages of moving iron instruments

19. State the advantages and disadvantages of electrostatic type instruments

20. Explain ammeter voltmeter method for low resistance measurement

21. Explain ammeter voltmeter method for medium resistance measurement

PART C (10 Mark )

1. Explain the classification of instruments in detail.

2. Explain the constructional details of Electro mechanical instruments in detail

3. Explain deflection system in detail

4. Explain control system in detail

5. Explain damping system in detail.

6. Explain the various types of supports used in indicating instruments.

7. Explain in detail the three types of operating forces of indicating instruments.

8. Draw and explain the construction and working of electrostatic type instruments

9. Draw and explain the construction and working of rectifier type instruments

10. Draw and explain the construction and working of PMMC instruments

11. Draw and explain the construction and working of moving iron instruments
 Unit 2
DC bridge,AC bridge and CRO

Part A (1 MARK)
1) For measuring a very high resistance we should use
(1) Kelvin’s double bridge
(2) Wheat stone bridge
(3) Meggar
(4) None of the above

Ans: 3

2. The electrical power to a meggar is provided by

(1) battery
(2) permanent magnet D.C. generator
(3) AC. generator
(4) any of the above

Ans: 2

3. In a meggar controlling torque is provided by

(1) spring
(2) gravity
(3) coil
(4) eddy current

Ans: 3

4. The operating voltage of a meggar is about

(1) 6 V
(2) 12 V
(3) 40 V
(4) 100 V

Ans: 4

5 Resistances can be measured with the help of a …………

1. Wattmeter
2. voltmeter
3. ammeter
4. ohmmeter and resistance bridge
Ans. 4

6 Kelvin’s bridge consists of _________

1) double bridge
2) single bridge
3) half bridge
4) three fourth bridge

Answer: 1

7. The range of resistance measured in a Kelvin bridge is _________

1) 10Ω to 10 mΩ
2) 1Ω to 10 μΩ
3) 0.01Ω to 10 MΩ
4) 0.1Ω to 10 nΩ

Answer: 2
8.Why Kelvin bridge is used for measurement of low resistance?
1) due to e.m.f source used
2) due to a large current flow
3) due to contact and lead resistance
4) due to power dissipation across the circuit

Answer: 3
9. A galvanometer is used as a _________
1) current source
2) voltage source
3) null detector
4) input impedance

Answer: 3
10. What is connected between the two ends of a Wheatstone bridge?
1) current and voltage source
2) ammeter and voltmeter
3) battery and galvanometer
4) ohmmeter and wattmeter

Answer: 3
11.Wheatstone bridge works on the principle of ________
1) full deflection
2) partial deflection
3) no deflection
4) null deflection

Answer: 4
12 .Balance condition can be obtained by _________
1) varying the standard resistance R3
2) varying the resistance arms R1 and R2
3) keeping the unknown resistance R4 constant
4) by making use of a null detector

Answer: 2
13.Maxwell inductance capacitance bridge can be used for _________
1) measurement of inductance
2) measurement of capacitance and inductance
3) measurement of resistance
4) measurement of voltage and current

Answer: 1
14 .Schering bridge is used for _________
1) low voltages only
2) low and high voltages
3) high voltages only
4) intermediate voltages only

Answer: 2
15 A Schering bridge can be used for the ______________
1) measuring voltages
2) measuring currents
3) testing capacitors
4) protecting the circuit from temperature rises

Answer: 3
16.Anderson bridge is used for _________
1) the measurement of self-inductance
2) the measurement of resistance
3) the measurement of capacitance
4) the measurement of impedance

Answer: 1
17.Anderson bridge is a modified form of ________
1) Wheatstone’s bridge
2) Maxwell bridge
3) Kelvin double bridge
4) Schering bridge

Answer: 2
18.Anderson’s bridge is used for the measurement of ________
1) capacitance
2) resistance
3) inductance
4) impedance

Answer: 1
19 CRO stands for __________
1) Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
2) Current Resistance Oscillator
3) Central Resistance Oscillator
4) Capacitance Resistance Oscilloscope

Answer: 1
20 C.R.O gives __________
1) actual representation
2) visual representation
3) approximate representation
4) incorrect representation

Answer: 2
21 Typically oscilloscope represents __________
1) current and time
2) resistance and time
3) voltage and time
4) power and time

Answer: 3
22 .CRO is used for measurement of __________
1) AC as well as DC current
2) AC current only
3) DC current only
4) AC power only

Answer: 1
23.Electron gun section ________
1) provides sharp beam
2) provides poorly focussed beam
3) doesn’t provide any beam
4) provides electrons only

Answer: 1
24 . What determines light intensity in a CRT?
1) voltage
2) current
3) momentum of electrons
4) fluorescent screen

Answer: 3
25. Focusing and accelerating anodes are ________
1) rectangular
2) cylindrical
3) spherical
4) square

Answer: 2
26.What is the main advantage of using a digital storage oscilloscope?
1) uses digital storage
2) uses analog storage
3) uses mixed mode storage
4) uses disc storage
Answer: 1
27.The waveform is stored in _________
1) compressed form
2) analog form
3) digital form
4) mixed form

Answer: 3
28. Why a dual slope oscilloscope is needed?
1) to compare more than two voltages
2) to measure the voltage
3) to measure the current
4) to measure the time

Answer: 1
29 Which technique of a Dual Trace Oscilloscope maintains the phase between the
signals?
1) Analog mode
2) Mixed mode
3) Chop mode
4) Alternate mode

Answer: 4
30 X-Y mode means ____________
1) 2 mode
2) vertical and horizontal
3) x axis and y axis
4) ground and full line supply

Answer: 2
Part B( 3 MARK)
1. Draw kelvin bridge and equation

2. Draw wheat stone bridge and equation

3. Draw megger instrument

4. Working principle of megger

 5. Draw the multimeter and advantages

6. Explain the basic form of AC bridge

7. Draw Maxwell’s bridges

8. Draw the circuit of Schering bridge

9. Drawthe circuit of Anderson bridge

10. Draw block diagram of CRO

11. Draw and explain the block of a general purpose CRO

12. Write short notes on Electron gun

13. Write short notes on Deflecting plates.

14. Write short notes on fluorescent screen

15. List any two applications of CRO

16. Explain sweep used in CRO

17. How a Lissajous pattern is produced on the screen of CRO

18. Explain the different lissajous patterns measured by CRO

19. State the applications of digital storage oscilloscope

20. What are the advantages of digital storage oscilloscope?

Part C ( 10 Marks)
1. Explain the measurement of low resistance using Kelvin’s bridge, with a sketch
2. Explain the measurement of medium resistance using Wheatstone bridge, with a
sketch
3. Explain the measurement of high resistance using Megger, with a sketch
4. Explain how a multi meter can be used to measure currents, voltages and
resistances
5. Draw the circuit diagram of an Anderson bridge and explain how the unknown
induction is found
6. Explain Schering bridge method to find unknown capacitance with circuit
7. Explain Maxwell’s inductance bridge in detail
 8. Draw the block diagram of a general purpose CRO and explain the various sections
9. With a neat sketch explain the constructional features of a cathode ray tube
10. Explain how voltage, frequency and phase difference measurements are done
using CRO
11. Explain with a block diagram the working of a digital storage oscilloscope
12. Draw the block diagram of digital storage oscilloscope and explain.
13. Draw the block diagram of Dual trace CRO and explain.

UNIT 3
MEASUREMENT OF WATTMETER AND DIGITAL
METERS
Part A (1 MARK)
1)In a low power factor wattmeter the pressure coil is connected
(1) to the supply side of the current coil
(2) to the load side of the current coil
(3) in any of the two meters at connection
(4) none of the above
Ans: 2
2. In a low power factor wattmeter the compensating coil is connected
(1) in series with current coil
(2) in parallel with current coil
(3) in series with pressure coil
(4) in parallel with pressure coil
Ans: 3
3.A dynamometer wattmeter can be used for
(1) both D.C. and A.C.
(2) D.C. only
(3) A.C. only
(4) any of the above
Ans: 1
4.The resistance in the circuit of the moving coil of a dynamometer wattmeter
should be
(1) almost zero
(2) low
(3) high
(4) none of the above
Ans: 3
5 Induction type single phase energy meters measure electric energy in ……..
1. kW
2. Wh
3. kWh
4. VAR
Ans. 3
6 Driving system in an induction type single phase energy meter consists of
_________
1) one magnet
2) two electromagnets
3) five electromagnets
4) ten magnets

Answer: 2
7 Braking system consists of _________
1) bar magnet
2) temporary magnet
3) permanent magnet
4) super magnet

Answer: 3
8 What is the effect of eddy currents in the aluminium disc?
1) varies by a factor of twice the disc length
2) independent of the disc speed
3) varies by a factor of four times the disc size
4) proportional to the disc speed

Answer: 4
9 In A.C. circuits, power consumed is ________
1) product of voltage and current
2) it depends on the p.f. of the circuit in addition to voltage and current
3) it depends on the supply voltage
4) it depends on the magnitude of the circuit current

Answer: 2
10 The pressure coil of a wattmeter should be connected on the supply side of the
current coil when
(1) load impedance is high
(2) load impedance is low
(3) supply voltage is low
(4) none of the above
Ans: 1
11. In a 3-phase power measurement by two wattmeter method, both the watt
meters had identical readings. The power factor of the load was
(1) unity
(2) 0.8 lagging
(3) 0.8 leading
(4) zero
Ans: 1
12 The adjustment of position of shading bands, in an energy meter is done to
provide
(1) friction compensation
(2) creep compensation
(3) braking torque
(4) none of the above
Ans: 1
13 In a dynamometer 3-phase power factor meter, the planes of two moving coils
are at
 1.00
2.600
3.900
4.1200
ANS 1.1200
14 An electronic energy meter makes use of ___________
1) IC
2) Transformer
3) CRO
3) Multimeter

Answer: 1
15 the moving coil dynamometer wattmeter is connected
1.in series with fixed coil
2.across the supply
3.n series with the load
4.Across the load
Ans 2.across the supply

16.the pressure coil of dynamometer wattmeter

1. highly inductive
2. highly resitive
3.purely resitive
4. purely inductive
ANS 2. highly resitive

17. the voltage coil of asingle phase energy meter

1. is highly resistive
2. is highly inductive
3, is highly capactive
4.Hass a phase angle equal to load power factor angle

Ans 2. is highly inductive

18.which one of the following is the main cause of creeping in the induction type
energy meter?
1.friction compension
2.lag/lead compensation
3.Overload compensation
4.Braking torque producing torque
Ans. 1.friction compension
19.the speed of the meter disc on full load is kept the lowest possible order to
1. reduce friction erroe
2.reduce eddy current loss
3.reduce self braking torque
4.all the above

Ans. 3.reduce self braking torque

20.a merz price demand indicator indicates

1. average maximum demand over a specified period of time
2.Maximum demand
3.maximum energy consumption
4. all of these
Ans 1. average maximum demand over a specified period of time

21. A frequency meter has a small device which converts the sinusoidal voltage of
the frequency into a train of ……………..pulses
1. bidirectional
2. spike
3. multiple
4.unidirectional

Ans. 4.unidirectional

22. IWeston frequency meter action depends on the variation in current distribution
between two parallel circuits,one is inductive and the other
1. inductive
2. non inductive
3.capacitive and inductive
4.resitive and inductive

Ans 2. non inductive

23. At normal frequency of supply the currents at two coils are……., so that the
needle takes the position at…….. in Weston frequency meter

1. same, centre
2.diffferent, centre
3.Same.left
4.Different right
Ans 1. same, centre
24. in Weston frequency meter When supply frequency increase the current through
coil A ………and current in B ………..

1. increases, increases

2. decreases, increases

3. increases, decreases
4.decreases, decreases
Ans. 2. decreases, increases

25. trivector meter measures active, reactive power and apparent power with a help
of ………..
1. single meter
2.two meter
3.three meter
4.four meter
Ans 1. single meter
26 The two moving (pressure) coils A & B are positioned …..degree apart
1.90
2.45
3.120
4.60
Ans 3.120
PART B (3 marks)
1. List the types of maximum demand indicator.
2. List the types of power system Frequency meters.
3. How frequency meters are classified?
4. Write the relationship between three quantities measured by trivector meter.
5. What is maximum demand indicator?
 6. What are the three quantities measured by Trivector meter?
7. Mention the use of trivector meters.
8. Mention the use of power factor meter.
9. What type of instrument is Weston frequency meter/
10. Write the advantages of Merz price maximum demand indicator.
11. What is digital frequency meter?
12. What is Light load or frictional error? How it can be corrected?
13. What is Creep? How it can be corrected?
14. State the advantages of induction type energy meters
15. State the advantages of digital energy meters
16. Write the expressions for DC power & AC Power
17. State the methods of measuring three phase power
18. State the special features incorporated in an electrodynamometer wattmeter to
make it a low power factor type wattmeter
19. What are the main parts of a single phase induction type energy meter?
20. Draw block diagram of digital energy meter and digital frequency meter

PART C (10marks)
1 .Explain with neat sketch the construction and working of single phase Power
factor meter.
2. Explain with neat sketch the construction and working of three phase Power factor
meter.
3. With diagram explain trivector meter.

4. Explain with neat sketch the construction and working of Merz price maximum

demand indicator.

5. Explain with neat sketch the construction and working of Weston type Frequence
meter
6. Draw and explain the diagram of digital frequency meter.

7.Explain the working of digital energy meter with its block diagram
8. Draw and explain the construction and working of single phase induction type

energy meter
 9. Draw and explain the construction and working of Dynamometer type
wattmeter
10. Explain the special features incorporated in LPF wattmeter, with figures

11. Draw and explain the construction and working of 3 phase, 2 element
wattmeter

Unit 4
Sensors and transducers
Part A (1 mark)
1.Which transducer is known as ‘self-generating transducer’?
1) Active transducer
2) Passive transducer
3) Secondary transducer
4) Analog transducer

Answer: 1
2.What is the principle of operation of LVDT?
1) Mutual inductance
2) Self-inductance
3) Permanence
4) Reluctance

Answer: 1
3 Function of transducer is to convert

1. Electrical signal into non electrical quantity

2. Non electrical quantity into electrical signal
3. Electrical signal into mechanical quantity
4. All of these

ANSWER: 2. Non electrical quantity into electrical signal

4 The transducer used for the measurements is/are

1. Resistance temperature detectors

2. Thermistors
3. Ultrasonic
4. All of these

ANSWER: 4. All of these

5.The linear variable differential transformer transducer is

1. Inductive transducer
2. Non-inductive transducer
3. Capacitive transducer
4. Resistive transducer

ANSWER: 1. Inductive transducer

6.Piezoelectric transducer is used for measuring __________

1) non-electrical quantities
2) electrical quantities
3) chemical quantities
4) any quantity

Answer: 1
7. Piezoelectric crystals produce _________
1) no voltage
2) low voltage
3) high voltage
4) very high voltage

Answer: 3
8 .When a compressive force is applied to a quartz crystal then ____________
1) positive charges are induced
2) negative charges are induced
3) no charge is induced
4) both positive and negative charges are induced
Answer: 1
9. Strain gauge measurement involves __________
1) Wheatstone bridge
2) Kelvin bridge
3) De Sauty’s bridge
4) Anderson bridge

Answer: 1
10 .Load cell is used for the measurement of _______
1) area
2) force
3) mass
4) length

Answer: 2
11 . Load cells are calibrated such that _______
1) force varies inversely with resistance
2) force varies as the square of resistance
3) force remains constant with resistance
4) force varies directly with resistance

Answer: 4
12 . Semiconductor strain gauge uses _______
1) rectifier circuitry
2) power electronics circuitry
3) ordinary bridge circuit
4) bridge circuit with temperature compensation

Answer: 4
13.The instruments used for the measurement of pressure is/are
1. Bellows
2. Diaphragms
3. Fiber optic pressure sensors
4. All of these

ANSWER: 4. All of these

14 .Bourdon tube is used for the measurement of gauge pressure of

1. Gas
2. Liquid fluid
3. Solid
4. Both (a) and (b)
ANSWER: 4. Both (a) and (b)

15. Strain gauge, LVDT and thermocouple are examples of

1) Active transducers
2) Passive transducers
3) Analog transducers
4) Primary transducers

Ans : (3)

16.LVDT windings are wound on

1) Steel sheets
2) Aluminium
3) Ferrite
4) Copper

Ans : (3)

17 .Which sensor can detect nearby objects?

1) Proximity sensor
2) Humidity sensor
3) Touch sensor
4) Pressure sensor

Answer: 1
18. Which proximity sensor indicates level?
1) Inductive Proximity Sensor
2) Capacitive Proximity Sensor
3) Magnetic Proximity Sensor
4) Ultrasonic Proximity Sensor

Answer: 1
19. In rotary variable differential transformer, the mutual inductance between the
primary and secondary coils varies

1. Linearly with the angular displacement

2. Non - linearly with the angular displacement
3. Linearly with the linear displacement
4. Non - linearly with the linear displacement

ANSWER: 2.Linearly with the angular displacement

20. The displacement measuring instruments is / are

1. Potentiometer
2. LVDT
3. RVDT
4. All of these
ANSWER: 4.All of these

21 Force exerted by magnetic field in Hall Effect transducers is ____________

1) Lorentz force
2) Hall Effect force
3) Magnetic force
4) Electric force

Answer: 1
22 Hall Effect transducer can be used to measure ___________
1) Magnetic field
2) Angular displacement
3) Linear displacement
4) All of the mentioned

Answer: 4
23 Bolometer is used for the measurement of
1. temperature
2. flow rate
3. current
4. e.m.f.
Answer.1. temperature
24.Which of the following can be measured by 'Bolometers'
 1.Thermal radiations
2.Electrical signals
3.Optical inputs
4.Temperature inputs

Answer.1.Thermal radiations

25. The output of thermocouple is in the range of

1) Volts
2) Millivolts
3) Amperes
4) Milliamperes
Ans: (2) Millivolts

26.Thermocouple is a ______________
1) Primary device
2) Secondary transducer
3) Tertiary transducer
4) None of the mentioned

Answer: 1. Primary device

27..... can measure pressure directly

1.Rotameter
2.Bourden tube
3.LVDT
4.Strain gauge
Answer.2.Bourden tube

28.In optical pyrometer temperature is measured by

1.Photocell principle
2.Thermocouple effect
3.Comparing the brightness of the source with the brightness of a standrad source
4.None of the above
Answer.3.Comparing the brightness of the source with the brightness of a standrad
source
29 ....... is the commonly used material for thermocouples

1.Platinum-rhodium
2.Chromel-alumel
3.Chromel-copal
4.Any of the above

Answer.4.Any of the above

30 .In a LVDT the two secondary voltages

1.are independent to core position
2.vary unequally depending on the core position
3. vary equally depending on the core position
4,are always in phase quadrature
Answer . 2.vary unequally depending on the core position

PART B (3 mark)

1. Define transducers and mention its uses

2. Mention the various types of transducers
3. Define active transducer and give examples.
4. Define passive transducers and give examples.
5. Define secondary transducers and give transducers.
6. Define bourdon tubes and mention its uses.
7. Define bellows and mention its uses.
8. Define load cell and mention its types.
9. What is the principle of LVDT State two applications of LVDT
10. List the importance of Strain gauge and Write the application of strain gauge
11. Write short notes on Inductive proximity sensor?
12. What are the advantages and the disadvantages of LVDT
13. What are the applications of strain gauge?
 14. List the advantages and disadvantage of thermocouples
15. Write short notes on thermocouple?
16. Write short notes on Hall Effect transducer?
17. Explain the short notes : - photo voltaic module
18. List the applications of Hall Effect transducers?
19. Mention the types of application of solar cell
20. Explain working of rvdt

PART C (10 Marks)

1. Explain the difference between active and passive transducers. Give examples?
2. Explain the working of bellows With the diagram
3. Explain the working of bourdon tube With the diagram
4. Explain the working of load cell With the diagram
5. Explain the working with a neat diagram of a LVDT
6. With a neat circuit explain of strain gauge? Explain any one type?
7. Explain with a neat diagram and working of inductive proximity sensor and its
working
8. Explain the working with a neat diagram of a RVDT
9. Explain the working with a neat diagram of a HALL EFFECT transducer
10. Explain the working with a neat diagram of photo electric transducer
11. Explain the working with a neat diagram of piezo electric transducer

Unit 5
Signal conditioners
Part A (one mark)
1 At the resonant frequency, what is the phase shift for the output in a Wien Bridge
oscillator?
1) 0°
2) 45°
3) 90°
4) 180°

Answer: 1) 0°

2. Which of these is a disadvantage of the Wien Bridge oscillator?

1) It cannot fabricate a pure tune
2) Distortion observed in output is high
3) It cannot be used for high resistance values
4) There is no automatic gain control

Answer: 3) It cannot be used for high resistance values

3. The Wein bridge oscillator is generally used for

1.Square wave generation

2.Narrow range of sine wave generation
3.Wide range of sine wave generation
4.None of the above

Answer 2.Narrow range of sine wave generation

4.The frequency for a Wein bridge oscillator is given by

1.1/2π RC
2.2π/RC
3.1/2πRC
4.1/(2πRC)

Answer 3.1/2πRC

5) Which of the following are used in DAC?

1) Ladder network
2) Successive approximation technique
3) Both Ladder and successive approximation technique
4) None of the mentioned

Answer: 1) Ladder network

6.How to overcome the limitation of binary weighted resistor type DAC?

1) Using R-2R ladder type DAC
2) Multiplying DACs
3) Using monolithic DAC
4) Using hybrid DAC
Answer: 1) Using R-2R ladder type DAC

7. Find output voltage equation for 3 bit DAC converter with R and 2R resistor?
a) Vo= -RF [(b2/8R) +(b1/4R) +(b0/2R)].
b) Vo= -RF [(b2/R) +(b1/2R) +(b0/4R)].
c) Vo= -RF [(b2/2R)+(b1/4R) +(b0/8R)].
d) Vo= -RF [(b0/4R)+(b1/2R) +(b2/R)].

Answer: c) Vo= -RF [(b2/2R)+(b1/4R) +(b0/8R)].

8 Zero crossing detector circuit plays a crucial role in conversion of input sine
wave into a perfect _________at its output.
1. triangular wave
2. square wave
3. saw-tooth wave
4. pulse wave
ANSWER: 1.square wave

9.What are the features of instrumentation amplifier?

1) Low noise
2) High gain accuracy
3) Low thermal and time drift
4) All of the mentioned

Answer: 4) All of the mentioned

10.In an instrumentation amplifier using transducer bridge, which device measure

the change in physical energy
1) Resistive transducer
2) Indicating meter
3) Capacitive transducer
4) Inductor circuit

Answer: 1) Resistive transducer

11 Filters are classified as

1) Analog or digital
2) Passive or active
3) Audio or radio frequency
4) All of the mentioned

Answer: 4) All of the mentioned

12. Find out the low pass filter from the given frequency response characteristics.

Answer: a

13.In weighted resistor DAC, how many resistor/s per bit is/are required?
1. One
2. Two
3. Three
4. Four
ANSWER: One

14 the ………..Filter RC circuit is as Differentiator

1)low pass
2) High Pass
3)band pass
4) all pass
Ans 2) High Pass

15 If the input to the differentiator is changed to a square wave,

1) the output will be a waveform consisting of positive and negative spike
2) the output will be a waveform consisting only positive spikes
3) the output will be a waveform consisting only negative spikes
4) the output will be a waveform consisting no spikes

ans 1)the output will be a waveform consisting of positive and negative spike

16) The inverting input terminal of the op-amp is connected to input voltage
through a……… in a high pass filter
1) capacitor
2) resister
3) resistor and capacitor in series
4) resistor and capacitor in parallel

answer1) capacitor

17) . Low Pass Filter as integrator input is a square wave the output will be a
…………….
1) saw tooth
2) triangular wave.
3)sine wave
4) square wave

Answer 2) triangular wave.

18. A ________ filter rejects all frequencies within a specified band and passes all
those outside this band
1. low pass
2. high pass
3. band pass
4.band stop
Answer 4. band stop

19. A ________ filter significantly attenuates all frequencies below fc and passes all
frequencies above fc.
1. low pass
2. high pass
3. band pass
4.band stop
Answer 2. high pass

20 Capacitive Transducer converts any change in a physical quantity as an

equivalent change in the ……………….Value and subsequently as a change in the
electrical quantity
1.inductance and resisitance
2.resistance
3.inductance
4. Capacitance
Answer 4. Capacitance

21 successive approximation ……….to ………..convertor.

1. digital digital
2. Analog. Analog
3. Analog, digital
4. digital, Analog
Answer 3. Analog, digital

22 R-2R ladder network ………. to …….. Converter

1. digital digital
2. Analog. Analog
3. Analog, digital
4. digital, Analog
Answer 4. digital, Analog

23 High pass filter passes ……..frequency signals and rejects……. frequency

signals

1. low, low

2. high, high

3. low. high

4. high. Low

Ans 4. high. Low

24. low pass filter passes ……..frequency signals and rejects……. frequency
signals

1. low, low

2. high, high

3. low. high

4. high. Low

Ans 3. low. high

25…… Pass Filter as integrator

1.pass band

2.high

3. Low

4.stop band

Answer 3. Low

PART B (3 mark)

1. draw the Block diagram of ac signal conditioning

2. draw the Block diagram of dc signal conditioning
3. explain dc signal conditioning
4. list the need of signal conditioning
5. Specify the various basic ways for converting the capacitance value of
capacitive transducer into measurable electrical quantity by using op-amp.
6. State the features of instrumentation amplifier.
7. State the advantages of active filter.
8. How can convert HPF into differentiator.
9. Define ADC and DAC.
10. Draw the circuit diagram of instrumentation amplifier using op-amp and its
output voltage.
11. Draw the circuit of bridge amplifer
12. Draw successive approximation type adc
13. Draw r-2r ladder
14. Explain the working of instrumentation amplifier
15. Explain the working of bridge amplifier
16. Compare LPF and HPF
17. What do you mean active filters and state its advantages.
18. With the diagram explain LPF.
19. Explain Zero crossing detector using op-amp with diagram.
20. Draw the wein bridge oscillator.
PART C (10 mark)

1. Explain the Block diagram of ac signal conditioning

2. Explain the Block diagram of dc signal conditioning
3. With the diagram explain capacitive transducer.
4. Draw the circuit diagram of Wien bridge oscillator and explain its operation.
5. With the diagram explain R-2R ladder network DAC.
6. Explain Active filters with diagrams.
7. With the diagram explain the operation of instrumentation amplifier.
8. With the diagram explain successive approximation ADC.
9. with the diagram explain bridge amplifier using op-amp.
10. Explain LPF and HPF using op-amp