Therapeutic Dentistry II

Development Alterations In The Shape Of Teeth

Etiology, Clinical Features, Treatment And Prognosis
kimia meysaghi UG:1802178
 Gemination
A developmental dental anomaly
characterized by a single rooted
tooth with wide, partly divided
crown or two separate crowns.
Caused by incompletely divided
tooth germ.
Gemination can affect permanent
and deciduous dentitions
 Fusion
A developmental dental anomaly
characterized by abnormally shaped
tooth that exhibits a wide crown or a
normal crown with an additional root.
Fusion results when two adjacent tooth
germs merge producing one tooth.
Incisors are commonly affected.
 Concrescence
Concrescence is a condition of
teeth where the cementum
overlying the roots of at least two
teeth join together.
It usually involves only two teeth.
The most commonly involved teeth
are upper second and third molars.
 Dilaceration
a sharp bend or angulation involving
the root of a tooth
Can be seen radiographicaly

Causes:
Trauma during tooth development
Continued rood formation during a
curved path of eruption
 Taurodontism
Taurodontism means bull-like teeth.
A developmental disorder that primarily
affects molars.
Both permanent and deciduous teeth
may be affected.
Teeth exhibits rectangular shape and
apically displaced furcation results in
large pulp chamber and short pulp canals
 Dens Invaginatus
Commonly known as dens in dente (a tooth within tooth)
Primarily affects permanent maxillary lateral incisors.
Teeth with deep invaginations develop Pulpitis, pulpal necrosis and inflammatory peri-
apical disease
 Talon’s cusp
The cause of talon cusp is unknown. The anomaly can occur due to genetic and environmental factors but the onset can
be spontaneous. Prevention is difficult because the occurrence happens during the development of teeth.

The talon cusp has been most frequently documented in permanent maxillary lateral incisors followed by permanent
maxillary central incisors and canines.
 Enamel Pearls
An enamel pearl is a condition of teeth
where enamel is found on locations
where enamel is not supposed to be,
such as on a root surface.
They are found usually in the area
between roots, which is called a
furcation, of molars.
Enamel pearls are not common in teeth
with a single root.
 Supernumerary roots

Supernumerary roots is a condition found in teeth when there

may be a larger number of roots than expected. The most
common teeth affected are mandibular (lower) canines,
premolars, and molars, especially third molars. Canines and most
premolars, except for maxillary (upper) first premolars, usually
have one root.
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