BINDING MATERIALS USED IN BINDING AND

FINISHING PROCESSES

SUBMITTED TO : Mr Anil Kundu

SUBMITTED BY : GOKUL G S & GEETA NEGI
ROLL NO : 180987 & 180986
CLASS : B-TECH PPT
SEMESTER : 6th SEMESTER
BINDING MATERIALS

The appearance and durability of the book may be varied

as much by the materials as by the constructional methods
used. The cost of book also will vary according to the
selection of materials, so it becomes essential to study the
varieties, standards and usage of the materials. Various
materials used in binding and finishing operations are as
follows:-
1) Paper :-
Binder and print finishers are expected to handle all kinds of
paper. Paper for every process is of different quality,
structure, contents and finish etc. For proper selection of
paper, it is essential to have the understanding of its
manufacturing operation, quality and weight of substance.
For end paper material must be ledger, handmade, Kraft,
must be tough, dimensionally stable and GSM to an
average of 100.Well sized and finished paper is suitable for
stationery purpose. Long fibred kraft paper is suitable for
reinforcing work.
2) Covering Materials :-
a) Binding Cloth
It is a very important material in book binding. It is
used to cover the book and make it attractive, to
reinforce spine edge of the book, to hold the straw
boards with the book spine. It is a closely woven
cloth from good quality cotton fabrics.It is available
in many colors but red, green and blue are popular.
The gaps between the woven threads are filled up
with pigment filler and finally heavily starched on
one side. It prevents the penetration of glue from
rough side to polished side.
b) Buckram Cloth
It is superior quality binding cloth. It is
closely woven and stiffened with heavy
paste and glazed to avoid finger prints on
cloth. Sometimes it is grained and
embossed with different patterns to make
the appearance attractive.
c) Rexene
The closely woven cloth is coated with
cellulose plastic. Due to this the Rexene
becomes water and stain resistant. It is very
strong and durable. Various attractive
patterns are embossed on it. It is used for
cheap account books, diaries, albums etc.
The width of the rolls varies, maximum up to
140cm, so the Rexene rolls of proper width
suitable to work must be purchased as it is
costlier materials.
d) Leather
Leather is a very durable covering material
but also very costly. Leather is used in
costly and durable bindings only. Mainly
account books, ledgers and very rare
valuable books are bound in leather.
Leather is durable covering material but
aloes very costly. It is very attractive and
pleasant to handle.Mainly account books,
ledgers and very rare valuable, costly
books are bound in leather.
e) Paper Fabric
It can be called imitation book cloth. Paper
fabric is a strong paper made from chemical
wood pulp highly sized and grained. It has
high tensile strength but does not have
resistant to water and stain. It is used in very
cheap quality binding e.g. exercise note
books.
f) PVC
Here the closely woven cloth is coated
with Poly Vinyl Chloride. It is not so
durable. It is available in many colors
and patterns. It is used for diaries and
pass books.
3) Reinforcing Materials :-
a) Mull Cloth
It is loosely woven cotton cloth, heavily
starched and stiffened. It is called as a
reinforcing material because it gives
additional strength, support to the spine of
the book when it is affixed over the glued
spine as first lining. This cloth is also used
for strengthening the end paper. It is
available on meter basis.
b) Calico Cloth
It is as good as mull cloth but closely
woven, lightly starched and is made from
bleached cotton. It is superior to mull cloth
and used like mull cloth but in superior
quality books. It is available in rolls of 20,
25 and 45 meters in length and one meter
in width. Specially used for lining maps and
charts.
c) Tapes
Cloth tape is used for sewing books. It
may be 1.27cm in width and its length
is according to the thickness of the
book. Linen tape is very strong but at
the same time nylon or terylene is the
strongest.These are supplied in 100
meter in length, with varying widths
from 1⁄2” to 1”(one intch).
d) Cords
Cord and hemps are string like materials
made from flax and has very long fibres,
different thicknesses and twists. A good
hemp cord is used for sewing purpose.
Usually 3 to 5 ply hemp cord is used for
sewing. Nowadays nylon cords are also
available. It is obtained in balls.
THANKS