UNIT 1

HOW TO PRONOUNCE
ENGLISH WORDS CORECTLY?
OUTLINE

I. ENGLISH SPELLING AND

SOUNDS/TRANSCRIPTION
II. SYLLABLES AND WORD STRESS
III. ENGLISH INTONATION
I. ENGLISH SPELLING AND SOUND/TRANSCRIPTION

1.cup /kʌp/ 1.1 center/ˈsentər/

2. general /ˈdʒenərəl/ 2.2 guest /gest/
3. example /ɪgˈzɑːmpl̩/ 3.3 existence /ɪg
ˈzɪstənts/

1. How do you spell those words?

2. How do you link sounds to
pronounce those words?
I. ENGLISH SPELLING AND SOUND/TRANSCRIPTION

Cup /kʌp/
Center /ˈsentər/

Spelling Transcription

How words are written How words are pronounced

Same spelling – different pronunciation

When studying a new word- check it up in dictionary

Sounds of English
A. Vowels (Nguyên âm)
I. Single vowels(Nguyên âm đơn)
II. Diphthongs(Nguyên âm đôi)
B. Consonants (Phụ âm)
I. Voiceless consonants(Phụ âm vô thanh)
II. Voiced consonants(Phụ âm hữu thanh)
III. Others(Phụ âm khác)
A. I. Single vowels

1. /æ/ 2. /e/
cat bad head pen

man can desk mend

bank bread
A. I. Single vowels

3. /a:/ 4. /ʌ/
heart car cut duck
farm class son dozen

smart hungry
A. I. Single vowels

5. /ɔ:/ 6. /ɔ-ɒ/
door ball hot dog

chalk short wash doll

course holiday
A. I. Single vowels

7. /i:/ 8. /i/
meat see six pig

read keep ship visit

teacher dentist
A. I. Single vowels

9. /u:/ 10. /u/

do food pull good
school foot put ruler
afternoon should
A. I. Single vowels

11. /ə: - ɜ:/ 12. /ə/

burn birth ahead family
shirt nurse pagoda Japan
worker policeman
A. I. Single vowels
1. Short vowels
/ æ/ cat /i/ visit
/e / head /u/ good
/ʌ/ cut /ə/ ahead
/ ɔ/ hot
A. I. Single vowels
2. Long vowels
/a:/ heart /i:/ meat
/ɔ:/ short /u:/ foot

/ə:/ shirt
A. II. Diphthongs

1. /ai/ 2. /au/
bye time brown house
like sign mouth cow
behind mountain
A. II. Diphthongs
3. /ei/ 4. /eə /

waste rain chair hair

face table air care
danger pair
A. II. Diphthongs

5. /iə/ 6. /uə /

near beer poor tour

ear clear cure pure
engineer usually
A. II. Diphthongs

7. /əu-ou/

cold show
close grow
homework
A. II. Diphthong

/ai/ time /au/ house

/ei/ face /eə/ chair
/iə/ near / u ə/ poor
/əu-ou/ show
B. I. Voiceless Consonant
1. /p/ 2. /t /

pull plant tower tent

copy hope table tall
pagoda tired
B. I. Voiceless Consonant
3. /tʃ/ 4. /k /

chair teacher can clock

lunch children couch clinic
traffic quite
B. I. Voiceless Consonant
3. /f/ 4. /θ/
front floor thick thin
fast flower nothing tooth
bookshelf birthday
B. I. Voiceless Consonant
3. /s/ 4. /ʃ/
see say she brush
dress stereo wash fish
soccer shoulder
B. II. Voiced Consonant
3. /b/ 4. /d/
book bean door doctor
bread bar desk bad
beef need
B. II. Voiced Consonant
5. /g/ 6. /v/
gram big live evening
gray get visit arrive
game television
B. II. Voiced Consonant

7. /dʒ/ 8. /ð/
village change this they
danger orange father their
gymnast weather
B. II. Voiced Consonant

9. /ʒ/ 10. /z/

vision leisure zoo close
beige pleasure visit noisy
television eraser
B. III. Others
1. /m/ 2. /n/

game menu name pen

matter movie behind night
museum clinic
B. III. Others
3. /l/ 4. /h/

late listen home house

lake well hotel hand
help heavy
II. SYLLABLES, WORD STRESS, SENTENCE’S TRESS

1. What are syllables?

Fast 1 syllable

Person 2 syllables
Beautiful 3 syllables

Information 4 syllables
 II. SYLLABLES, WORD STRESS AND SENTENCE STRESS

1. What is stress ?
ba na na Do we pronounce 3 syllables the
same?
ba NA na in comparison to other
syllables, NA is
pronounced stronger,
longer and at higher pitch
II. SYLLABLES, WORD STRESS AND SENTENCE’S STRESS

Fast 1 syllable

PER-son 2 syllables
BEAU-ti-ful 3 syllables

In-for-MA-tion 4 syllables
1. oOooo)
Inheritable
2. (ooOo)
unimportant
1. Oo
 Guidance
2.(Oooo)
Merchantable
1.Ooo
(handily)
2.(oOoo)
( nutritional)
1 . (oOooo)
(subconsciously) /sʌbkɒnʃəsli/
2. (ooOo)
(substitution) /sʌbstɪˈtjuːʃən/
1 .(Oo)
(swiftly) /swɪftli/
2.(ooOooo)
(sympathetically) /sɪmpəθetɪkli/
1 (Ooooo)
(hooliganism) /huːlɪg ə nɪz ə m/
2. (Oo)
(hopeful)
1.(ooOo)
(homicidal) /ˌhɒm.ɪsaɪ.d ə l/
2. (oOoo)
(photography)
1.Ooo
(Shiftiness)
2. (oooOoo)
(enthusiastically ) /ɪnˌθjuː.zi æs.tɪ.kli/
1.(oOooo)
(dramatically)
2. (ooOooo)
( insignificantly)
1(ooOoo)
(unsustainable)
2. (Oo)
(wealthy)
1. (Oo)
(slightly)
2. (ooOooo)
( insignificantly)
1.( ooOoo)
(feasibility)
2.(oooOo)
(disadvantageous)
SENTENCE STRESS
He’s going/ to leave
Stop it/ leaking.
What lovely/cheeks!
Sentence stress:- the most important words in sentence
- Pronounced louder and slower
Rhythm

Nguyên tắc hình thành nhịp điệu:

TO: Hãy nói TO hơn và nhấn vào phách mạnh
ĐỀU: Các phách mạnh đặt ĐỀU nhau
Ghép PHÁCH MẠNH vào câu, trong đó phách mạnh đặt vào TRỌNG
ÂM của câu
Kiểm soát phách yếu (nói lướt nhanh)
TĂNG TỐC ĐỘ
There was a TEAcher on the STAGE of the CLASSroom
1. TO: TEA STAGE CLASS
PRACTICE
2. ĐỀU ( vỗ tay)
3. Ghép PHÁCH MẠNH vào nhịp
4. Kiếm soát Phách yếu
There was a cher on the of the

5. Tăng tốc độ
The DOG and his BONE

1. A HOUND dog found a BONE and hold it TIGHTLY in his MOUTH

2. He growled and SCOWLED at ANYONE who ATTEMPTED to TAKE it
away.
3. OFF into the WOODS he went to BURY his PRIZE
4. When he CAME to a STREAM
5. He TROTTED over the FOODBRIDGE
6. And HAPPEDED to GLANCE into the WATER
7. He SAW his own REFLECTION.
8. Thinking it was another DOG with a BIGGER bone.
9. He GROWLED and SCROWED at it
10. The reflection growled and scowled back
11. “I’ll get THAT bone too”
12. Thought the greedy dog,
13. And he snapped his sharp teeth
14. At the image of the water
15. Alas, his own big bone fell with a splash, out of sight
16. The moment he opened his mouth to bite
 III. INTONATION

What is intonation?
2 sentences-
same words-
different
meanings
1.She got a dog. Complete thought
Statement

2.She got a dog ? Suprise

Question
 Intonation in a list

I like football, table tennis and volleyball.

My favourite fruits are grapes, bananas and orange.

 III. INTONATION

The pattern of
ups
and downs
of your voice or pitch
at the focused/ stressed words
is called intonation of the
sentence.
Practice intonation with shadowing
method (E Breaking English)
 IV. Linkings

Do you remember that time when Anna and Amy went to

the swimming pool?
Are any words connected? How they are connected?

Linking is how you connect words when you speak so

that 2 words are pronounced together
IV. Linkings

Linking is how you connect words when

you speak so that 2 words are pronounced
together
 Linking 2 consonants
Linking the same consonants
That time
How many times do y pronounce “t”
Tha/t/ ime
When 1 word ends with 1 consonant sound and the
next word starts with the same consonant sound, link
the sounds
 Linking 2 consonants
Red dress
She bought a really nice red dress last week.
Cheap places
Do you know any cheap places to stay in Hanoi?
Feel lucky
I fell lucky-Let’s play poker.
 Linking 2 consonants
Link the sound , not the spelling
Look cool /lʊk/ /kuːl/  /lʊkuːl/
Quite tall /kwaɪt/ /tɔːl/  /kwaɪtɔːl/
Linking 2 consonants
When 1 word ends with 1 consonant sound and the
next word starts with the same consonant sound, link
the sounds
EXCEPTIONS:
We don’t link /dʒ/ and /tʃ/:
Eg: each choice, orange juice
 Linking 2 similar consonant sounds

Cheese sandwich
/tʃiːz ˈsæn d  wɪdʒ/
Get me a cheese-sandwich, would you?
Breathe through
/briːð θruː/
Do you have to breathe-through your mouth like that?
 Linking 2 similar consonant sounds

- /d/and /t /
I need two kilo of shrimp
/k / and /g/
The water was kind of dark green colour
-/p/ and/b/
I sleep better if the room’s really dark.
 Linking 2 similar consonant sounds

/f/and /v /
Have you packed enough vest?
-/p/ and/b/
I sleep better if the room’s really dark.
 Linking 1 consonant sound and 1 vowel sound
Do you remember that time when Anna and Amy
fell in the swimming pool?
When Anna /we’n ænə/
And Amy
Fell in
When 1 word ends with 1 consonant sound and the
next word begins with the vowel sound
 Linking 2 vowels
He asked me for two apples.
he asked: add /j/  he-/j/- asked
 He asked for a glass of water.
two apples: add /w/ two - /w/- apples
 There are two apples in the bows
Linking 2 vowels
When do we add /w/ or /j/?
There are rules but they are flexible and practical
 The easiest is the correct.
See Andrew
 See /j/Andrew
Go out
 Go /w/ out
 Review
3 basic ways to link sounds in E:
- Consonant to consonant
+ If 1 word ends with 1 consonant and the next word start with
the same consonant link 2 consonant sounds
+ If 1 word ends with 1 consonant and the next word start with
the similar consonant link 2 consonant sounds
Consonant to vowel: Link any consonant to any vowel
- Vowel to vowel
When studying a new word

remember !!!
+Check it up in the dictionary to study: its meaning, its part of
speech, its transcription, its uses in sentences
+ Pronounce the word correctly after check its transcription
+ Don’t forget stress syllable
+ Don’t forget the ending sounds ( five-fine, night-nine)
+ Don’t forget intonation of the sentence ( English is musical)
 -END-

ENGLISH TRANSCRIPTION