LIFE OF

INDIAN
FARMER
Compiled By :
S Rudra Sihare
(IOT 1th year)
 CONTENTS
Over view of Indian agricultural
Role of agriculture in Indian economy
Poor condition of farmers in India
How improve the condition of farmers
 Farming with new Technology ( I O T )
Conclusion
 Who is
farmer?
 Life of a Farmer

 Tough life
 Dependent upon nature
 Economic factors
 Literacy
State wise agriculture in India
In Kashmir we have farmers doing
farming of saffron and apple
In Punjab and Haryana its
more of wheat and rice
In South & East of India, agriculture is
either rice, coconut and tea-coffee
 Role of
agriculture in
Indian
Share in National Income
economy
 Largest employment sector
 Provision of Food Surplus to the Expanding
Population
 Contribution to Capital formation
 Providing Raw Material to industries
Major Challenges faced by Indian
Agriculture
1- Unreliable monsoon
2- They are un-organized
3- Lack of technology
4- Irregular supply of electricity
5- Lack of education
6- Also the land size is small
How to improve the condition
of farmers
1-Farmers are getting educated
2- Latest technology are being used
for farming
3- Government is supporting farmers
4- Better financing
5- Quality of seeds
Farming with new Technology ( I O T )
Smart Farming-
IoT is bringing revolution to almost every aspect of our
lives by changing how we do things. The use of Smart
IoT devices is on the rise with all the industries heavily
investing in IoT. The main aims of investing in IoT are
to improve operations efficiency, improve product
quality, and reduce the costs of production. The
Agricultural industry is among the industries seeking to
reap the benefits of IoT. The use of IoT in agriculture is
commonly referred to as Smart Farming or Smart
Agriculture. It uses various IoT sensors to send the
farm’s data, like humidity, temperature, soil moisture,
etc. to the cloud which can be monitored and controlled
from anywhere in the world. 
 According to the Food and
Agricultural Organization (FAO),
there will be eight billion people
globally by the year 2025 and 9.6
billion by 2050. This means that
food production must go up by 70
percent to feed that population. IoT
is one of the technologies expected
to assist in reaching that goal.
How IoT is implemented in Agriculture

There are several ways of

implementing Smart Agriculture using IoT

1. Precision Farming
2. Agricultural Drones 
3. Livestock Monitoring     
4. Smart Greenhouses
 1. Precision Farming:

Precision farming is the most famous application of smart farming using

IoT. Precision farming is the practice of making agricultural processes more
accurate and controlled for rearing livestock and crop growing. The main
components of precision farming are the IT systems, sensors, control
systems, automated hardware, and autonomous vehicles, among others. IoT
introduces the idea of connecting these systems and devices using the
internet for better data storage and analytics. IoT improves services such as
livestock monitoring, soil moisture probes, inventory monitoring, and
tracking of vehicles, among others. Precision farming involves the collection
of data through sensors and analyzing it for use by farmers to make informed
and quick decisions
   2. Agricultural Drones 
 Drones are being used to improve several agricultural practices in
Smart Farming Using IoT. There are two types of agricultural drones,
the surface-based and aerial-based. The drones are used for activities
such as assessment of crop health, spraying of crops, planting, soil and
field analysis, crop monitoring, and irrigation.
 
Drones can collect multispectral, thermal and visual imagery data that
provide the farmers with a wide array of metrics such as plant health,
plant count and expected yield, soil nitrogen and moisture content,
drainage mapping, and canopy cover mapping. The data helps the
farmer make the right decisions and use only the required resources to
avoid wastage.
 
Aerial drones cover more land than a ground-based human observer in
the same amount of time as it has the ability to avoid barriers.
Automating drones to carry out routine assessments eliminates the
need for human operation. The drones are deployed to cover large
tracts of land where regular monitoring is required. Also, drones are
very useful in situations where bacteria, fungus, or pests are difficult to
control and require regular spraying and monitoring
 3. Livestock Monitoring
Livestock monitoring is also become ‘Smart’ in smart agriculture
using IoT. It enables farmers to monitor the condition of their animals.
The farmer can monitor the animals’ activities such as movements,
eating habits, weight, and reproductive cycle, among others.
 
The IoT solutions for livestock monitoring involves animal wearables
that connect to a gateway using a low-cost and low bandwidth
technology (LoRaWAN) to transmit data to the cloud. The wearables
contain sensors that monitor aspects such as blood pressure,
respiration, heart rate, body temperature, and digestion, among others.
The data is used in decision making and keeping the health in check.
The farmers are able to take corrective measures well in time. For
instance, they are able to identify a sick animal and call a veterinary
doctor well in time to prevent death or spread the disease to other
animals. Reproductive cycles and calving are monitored by collecting
data relating to time on heat, and the time to give birth.
 An example of an IoT livestock monitoring device is the Cattle
Traxx. This device contains battery-and-solar-charged sensors
which transmit data using LoRaWAN (Low Power Wide Area
Network). The sensors on the cow form a mesh network to enable
efficient data collection. Cattle Traxx collects data regarding
animal health using the sensors, and location details using
Geofencing.
 4. Smart Greenhouses
Traditional greenhouses relied on manual interventions to control environmental parameters
for the growth of crops. However, manual interventions have disadvantages such as energy loss
and production loss. Smart greenhouse solves these issues by use of IoT systems by monitoring
and controlling aspects such as temperatures, luminosity, soil and mineral content, and
humidity. Using the collected data, optimal plant growth conditions can be maintained to
ensure maximum production. The actuators are controlled automatically to control the
conditions by performing actions like opening a window, turning on the lights, and controlling
the heater and fan, among others.
Smart greenhouses also help in reducing wastage smart agriculture using
IOT. By monitoring moisture content, the right amount of water can be
used for irrigation and this prevents wastage, the same case applies to soil
mineral content as the right minerals in the right amounts are used. This
reduces wastage and maintains a balance that is best for crop growth.
 
Benefits of IoT Applications in Agriculture
Several benefits arise from the application of IoT in Agriculture. IoT
application leads to Increase production in crops and
livestock through creating the right environment, monitoring and
controlling different aspects. Secondly, IoT helps in reducing the cost
of production, especially in largescale farming. The IoT
devices reduce the need for human interventions, thus reducing
the number of employees on a farm. Additionally, the IoT
application reduces the wastage of resources such as water,
fertilizers, and machine spare parts. They ensure only the right amounts
of water and minerals are added to the soil. Sensors on vehicles and
agricultural machines aid in predictive maintenance to ensure timely
repairs and only the faulty parts are replaced. Lastly, the application of
IoT improves overall farm operational efficiencies by providing
data that allows every process to run optimally.
 Conclusion
So after knowing about some IoT applications in
agriculture, we can say that it is definitely revolutionize
the agriculture industry in a few years. IoT has been
applied in several areas of agriculture. A lot of research
is underway to ensure more IoT devices are used to
make the managing of farms easier and increase
productivity. IoT is allowing farmers to easily obtain
data that is useful in many ways such as decision
making. With the increasing demand for food due to
the rapid population increase, we expect more IoT
applications in the next few years.
 
 ANY
QUESTION?