A study on biological activity of

marine fungi from different

habitats in coastal regions
INTRODUCTION

 Marine habitats
 Coastal region habitats
 Deep-sea habitats
 Coastal regions
 Eutrophication
 Marine fungi
 Primary degraders
 INTRODUCTION
 Previous studies
 Interrelation
 Biological activity of metabolites

 Separate from habitats

 In this study
 Antibacterial
 Antitumor

 Coastal niches
 Beach habitats
 Rocky shoreline habitats
 Mangrove habitats

Fig. 1 Red tag areas indicated the location of sample sites

METHODS

Sites and sample collection

 Samples
 Seawater
 Sediments
 Rotted leaves
 Ordinary Separation medium
 Incubated at 25°C
 Isolation and identification
METHODS

DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing

 Chromosomal DNA
 Fungus genomic DNA extraction kit
 Isolated DNA
 PCR amplification
 ITS 1 and ITS 4 primers

 PCR products
 Purification
METHODS

Phylogenetic analyses
 Forward and reverse sequences
 Edited
 Assembled
 Compared
 Aligned
METHODS

Preparation of marine Fungal Extract

 Inoculation of each fungus
 Liquid culture medium
 Incubation on a rotary shaker
 Fungal broth separation
 Mycelia mat
 Culture filtrate
 Concentration to a crude extract
METHODS

MTT assay
 B-16 cell lines
 Humidified incubator
 37°C
 Cell suspensions
 96-well microtiter plates
 Fungal metabolite extracts
 MTT solution
METHODS

Antimicrobial test
 Antimicrobial activity
 Second metabolites
 K-B disk diffusion method
 Test Bacterial solution
 LB broth agar
 4 drug disks
 1 without drugs

 Culture incubator
 Inhibition zone
METHODS

Statistical analysis
 Objective
 Identify fungi
 Habitat
 Biological activity

 Two step cluster analysis

 Raw data
 Three habitats
 Inhibitory effects

Fig. 2 Three Habitats stains was isolated four Cluster by

SPSS 22.0 using two step cluster analysis
RESULTS

Culturable diversity
 195 marine fungal strains
 73 samples
 Beach habitats
 106 strains
 Estuary habitats
 36 strains
 Mangrove habitas
 53 strains
RESULTS
Antibacterial and antitumor activity of the
fermentation product of marine fungi
 Inhibitory effects
 Four strains of pathogenic bacteria
 Melanoma cells B-16
 17 strains
 No inhibitory effect
 RESULTS
Antibacterial and antitumor activity of the
Beach fermentation product of marine fungi

Estuary

Mangrove
RESULTS

 195 isolates
 4 clusters
 Cluster 3
 Strongest antibacterial
activity
 Cluster 1
 Melanoma cells B-16
 E. coli
DISCUSSION

 Fungal biodiversity assessments

 Biogeographical perspective
 Bioactive secondary metabolites
 This study showed:
 Secondary metabolites
 Different coastal habitats
 Different biological activity
DISCUSSION

Mangrove habitats Beach habitats

 K-B experiment  MTT assay
 Strongest antibacterial activity  Strongest antitumor activity
 Reasons  Reasons
 Competition between species  Accumulation of harmful substances