Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BY
R.SUNIL
2nd MDS
1
Contents
Introduction
Requirements of classification
Conclusion
References
2
Introduction
3
Requirements Of An Acceptable System Of Classification
• Permit differentiation between the tooth supported and the tooth and tissue
supported partial dentures.
• Universally acceptable.
4
Need For Classification
6
Classification systems
7
Classification systems
• Costa- 1974
• ICK Classification-2008
8
Kennedy's Classification System 1923
9
• Class III – Unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth remaining both anterior and
posterior to it.
• Class IV – A single but bilateral (Crossing the mid-line) edentulous area located
anterior to the remaining natural teeth.
10
Applegate’s Rules
11
• RULE 3- If a third molar is present and is to be used as an abutment, it is
considered in the classification.
12
• RULE 5- The most posterior edentulous area always determines the
classification.
13
• RULE 7- The extent of the modification is not considered, only the number
of additional edentulous areas are considered.
14
Advantages of Kennedy’s classification
15
Disadvantages of Kennedy’s classification
• Did not explain the length of the edentulous span or number of missing
teeth - only provides number of modification spaces.
16
ACP classification 2004
McGarry TJ, Ahlstrom RH, Koumjian JH: Classification system for partial edentulism. J Prosthodont
2004;11:73-82 17
ACP classification system offers the following
potential benefits
18
ICK Classification 2008
• Roman numerals will be used for the classification, and Arabic numerals will be
used for the number of modification spaces and implants.
• The classification of any situation will be according to the following order: main
classification first, then the number of modification spaces, followed by the number
of implants in parentheses according to their position in the arch preceded by the
number sign (#).
20
• The maxillary arch is drawn as half circle facing up and the mandibular
arch as half circle facing down.
21
Examples for Kennedy class I situations
ICK I mod 1 (# 19, 25, 30) ICK I mod 2(# 18,22, 26,31) 22
Examples for Kennedy class II situations
ICK II (#2) ICK II (#2, 7 )
24
Examples for Kennedy class IV situations
25
Cummer's Classification System 1920
Miller EL: Systems for classifying partially dentulous arches. J Prosthet Dent 1970;24(1):25-40 26
Class III-Unilateral- Two or more direct retainers on the same side.
27
Bailyn's System 1928
Based on whether the prosthesis is tooth borne, tissue or a combination of the two
I-abutment teeth present at each extremity of a saddle area, span not more than
3 teeth
III-tooth support at both extremities of the saddle, span of more than 3 teeth.
Miller EL: Systems for classifying partially dentulous arches. J Prosthet Dent 1970;24(1):25-40 28
Class P I Class P II
29
Class A I P II Class P I P II
30
Advantage:
Disadvantage:
31
Mauk's System 1942
Based on
32
• Class I – has bilateral spaces and teeth remaining in anterior segment.
• Class II – has bilateral posterior spaces and one or more teeth at the
posterior end of the one space.
33
• Class III – bilateral posterior spaces and one or more teeth at the posterior
end of both space.
34
Class V – Has anterior space only.
35
Wild’s classification in 1949
36
Godfrey’s System 1951
Based on the location and extent of the edentulous spaces where teeth are
to be replaced. No sub divsions or modifications for the main classes.
Class A – has tooth borne denture bases in the anterior part of the mouth.
Class B – has mucosa borne denture bases in the anterior part of the
mouth.
37
Class C – has tooth borne denture bases in the posterior part of the mouth
Class D – has mucosa borne denture bases in the posterior part of mouth
38
Beckett's System 1953
Class I Tooth-borne
Class II Tissue-borne
40
Inadequate abutment support Combination of A &B
Friedman's System (ABC) 1953
• C - Cantilever.
• Class II- Vertical biting forces applied to denture resisted entirely by soft
tissue.
43
Swenson’s classification system 1955
Miller EL: Systems for classifying partially dentulous arches. J Prosthet Dent
1970;24(1):25-40 44
• Class III – an arch with an edentulous space posteriorly on one or both
sides of arch but with teeth present anteriorly and posteriorly to each
space.
• Class IV – an arch with an anterior edentulous space and with five or more
anterior teeth missing.
45
SWENSON IA SWENSON IP SWENSON IAP
46
Austin-Lidge Classification 1957
Miller EL: Systems for classifying partially dentulous arches. J Prosthet Dent
1970;24(1):25-40 47
Class A 1 – a missing anterior tooth on one side only.
48
• Class P 1 Bi- Posterior teeth are missing on one side
• Class A1P1- Anterior and posterior teeth missing on one side only.
49
AP A2P2
A2P
AP2
50
Watt in 1958
Stated that there are three possible methods of supporting partial denture.
51
Skinner's System 1959
• Based on Quality and degree of support from the abutment teeth and
residual ridge.
52
• Class3- All abutment teeth anterior to the denture base, may be unilateral
or bilateral.
• Class4- Denture bases located both anterior and posterior to the remaining
teeth, may be unilateral or bilateral.
53
Applegate- Kennedy's System 1960
• Class II- the remaining teeth of either the left or right are edentulous
regions.
54
• Class III- the edentulous space is bounded by teeth which enable to give
support.
• Class IV- the remaining teeth bound the edentulous area posteriorly on
both right & left of the midline.
55
• Class V- an edentulous area where teeth bound both anteriorly &
posteriorly but anterior one cannot give support.
• Class VI- same as class V but the anterior tooth can give the
support( entirely tooth borne)
56
Fiset’s modification
• Class VII :-A partially edentulous situation in which all remaining natural
teeth are located on one side of the arch, or of the median line.
• Class VIII :-A partially edentulous situation in which all remaining natural
teeth are located in one anterior corner of the arch
57
• Class IX : Functional and cosmetic requirements or the magnitude of the
interocclusal distance require the use of a telescopic prosthesis (partial or
complete). The remaining teeth are capable of total or partial support for
the prosthesis.
58
• Class X :- remaining teeth are incapable of providing any support. to
maintain alveolus integrity, restored with an overdenture which is
supported primarily by the denture foundation area.
59
William Avant 1966
• Class I :- This replaces one or more posterior teeth on one side of the
arch, mesial to most distal abutment tooth
• Class I-F :- This replaces one or more posterior teeth on one side of the
Avant WE: A universal classification for removable partial denture situations. J Prosthet
60
Dent 1966;16:533-9.
• Class II :- this replaces one or more posterior teeth both sides of the arch,
mesial to most distal abutment tooth on both sides
• Class II-F :- this replaces one or more posterior teeth both sides of the
arch, terminating in free ends on both sides
61
• Class III :- this replaces one or more anterior teeth
62
Osborne & Lammie in 1974
63
Costa 1974
Class A
Class L
Class T
Costa E: A simplified system for identifying partially edentulous dental arches. J Prosthet
Dent 1974;32:639-45. 64
Classification of unconventional partial
dentures
Unconventional partial denture
Swami PR, Sanyal P, Sam SM. Classification of unconventional removable partial denture. Int J Oral Care Res
2018;6(1):S77-83. 65
Guide plane RPD Swing lock RPD
Nesbit denture 66
Removable partial overdenture
Cu-sil denture Implant supported RPD
Andrew’s bridge 67
Telescopic denture
Non metal clasp RPD
Flexible RPD
68
Conclusion
• Such systems should be adapted and used for better understanding of the
condition of the edentulous arch.
69
References
• McGarry TJ, Ahlstrom RH, Koumjian JH: Classification system for partial
edentulism. J Prosthodont 2002;11:181-193.