Technological University (Toungoo)

Department of Civil Engineering

Construction Engineering Management

9.12.2019 Presented By:

Daw Cho Wai Phyo Kyaw
Demonstrator, ME(Civil)
 What is Project Management?

 Project Management is the discipline of planning, organizing and

managing resources to bring about the successful completion of
specific project goals and objectives.
 The application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to
project activities to meet project requirements.
 The processes involved in project management are Initiate, Plan,
Execute, Monitor & Close.
The Elements of Project Management

GOALS

HUMAN
TIME TECHNICAL
PROJECT RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
Planning
Executing
Controlling

END
FUNDS
PRODUCT
 The Managerial Cycle

Planning Controlling
Measure Achievements
Set Objectives
against goals
Survey Resources
Report
Form Strategy
Resolve Problems

Executing
Allocating
Guide execution
Co-ordinate effort
Motivate Staff
Project Management Body of Knowledge
 Integration Management
 Scope Management
 Time Management
 Cost Management
 Quality Management
 Human Resource Management
 Communication Management
 Risk Management
 Procurement Management
Project Management Requirements

Quality

Client
or
Owner

Time Cost
Project Management Processes

Initiating Planning
Processes Processes

Executing
Processes

Controlling
Processes

Closing
Processes
Essential Needs for Project Management

 Cost Control
 Time Control
 Quality Control
 Construction Engineering Management

 Overview of Construction Industry

 Construction Economics
 Foundations
 Wood Construction
 Concrete Construction
 Concrete Form Design
 Masonry Construction
 Steel Construction
 Planning and Scheduling
 Managing Quality and Safety
 Construction Safety and Health and Equipment Maintenance
 Learning Outcomes for this study
 Be able to apply planning & scheduling of construction project with CPM
and Bar Chart Method.

 Be able to understand the QA/QC functions and manage a quality control

mechanisms that are used to check for construction project.
 Be able to carry out the construction OSHA safety procedures,
environmental health in construction, equipment maintenance and
preventive maintenance.
 Be able to apply the concepts of construction economics such as time
value of money, cash flow diagram, discounted present worth analysis,
equipment planning and rent-lease-buy decision.
 Be able to apply design procedures for concrete form design, estimate
quantity of masonry, consider construction technology and knowledge
in structural construction
 Chapter 1

Overview of Construction Industry

 Construction Industry
 Design
 New and renovation construction
 Manufacture and supply of building materials and equipment
 Competitive business-high rate of bankruptcy
 Technical aspects of construction, knowledge of the business and
management aspects of the profession-important
 Building Construction(Vertical Construction)-construction of
buildings-subdivided into public and private, residential and
nonresidential building construction
 Heavy Construction(Horizontal Construction)-highways, airports,
railroads, bridges, canals, harbors, dams and other major public
works, industrial construction, plant construction and marine
construction
Scope of Construction Management

 Construction Contracts
 Construction Methods and Materials
 Production and Cost Estimating
 Progress and Cost Control
 Quality Control
 Safety
 Owner

Engage in a wide range of construction

Construction Contractors-
activities and execute most major
General Contractors
construction projects

Electrical work, plumbing, heating and

ventilating, or earthmoving
Specialty Contractors To accomplish some specific phase of a
Sub-Contractor construction project
Contract arrangement involved
 Major Steps in the Construction
Contracting Process
 Bid solicitation
 Bid preparation
 Bid submission
 Contract award
 Contract administration
 Before bidding process can take place-owner must determine
requirements for the project and have the necessary plans,
specifications, and other documents prepared
 For major projects, steps in the project
development process include:

 Recognizing the need for the project.

 Determining the technical and financial feasibility of the project.
 Preparing detailed plans, specifications and cost estimates for
the project.
 Obtaining approval from regulatory agencies. This involves
ascertaining compliance with zoning regulations, building codes
and environmental and other regulations.
 For small projects-very informal basis
 For large or complex projects-years to complete
 How Construction is Accomplished

 Construction employing an owner construction force

 Owner management of construction
 Construction by a general contractor
 Construction using a design/build(turnkey)contract
 Construction utilizing a construction management contract
 Construction employing owner
construction forces

 Governmental agencies, possess their own Owner

construction forces
 Performing repair, maintenance and alteration
Construction
work staff
 Owner utilize their construction staff to mange
their construction
Project
director

Construction
forces
 Owner-managed construction
Owner

 Owner utilize their construction staff Construction staff

to mange their construction
 Workers hired directly by the owner Project director
or by specialty contractors

Hired labor force Contractors

 Construction by a general contractor

Owner
 General contractor operating
under a prime contract
Design Inspection Prime
firm contractor

Sub- Contractor
contractor(s) work force
 Construction employing a design/build
firm
Owner
 Owner contracts with a firm to
both design to suit the owner’s
needs and build a facility Design/build
firm
 Coordination problems are
minimized and construction can
begin before completion of final
design Design Construction
force force
 Difficulty of obtaining competition
between suppliers and the
complexity of evaluating their Sub-
contractors
proposals
 Construction utilizing a construction
management contract
 Professional construction Owner
manager(CM) acts as the owner’s
agent to direct both design and
construction
 Owner awards three separate Construction
manager
contracts f0r design, construction
and construction management of
the project
 Potential savings in both time and Design Construction
firm firm
cost, close coordination between
design and construction Contractual relation
Management relation
(owner’s agent)
 Guaranteed Maximum Price

 The construction manager guarantees that the project cost

will not exceed a specified amount.
 Under this procedure, which entails a certain amount of
contractor risk, the construction contract is normally held
by the construction manager.
 Codes and Regulations
 Building codes- public safety, provide minimum design and construction
standards. Building permits must be obtained before construction of a building
can begin. After permit is issued, the local building department will inspect the
project a designated points during construction. Inspections may pose
problems for the contractor and construction delays. Additional permits may
be required for power plant, water wells, water treatment plants, sewage
treatment plants or septic tanks and so on.
 Zoning regulations-control land use, limit the size, type and density of
structures. Typical zoning include commercial, residential, industrial, office,
recreational and agricultural.
 Environmental regulations-protect public and environment such as water
usage, vehicular traffic, precipitation runoff, waste disposal, preservation of
beaches
 Contractor licensing laws-governmental licensing and certification procedures.
 Construction Productivity(output per
labor hour)
 Improvement in the areas of project management, labor training and utilization and
governmental regulation
 Some design factors that can reduce construction costs include the use of modular
dimensions, grouping plumbing and other equipment to minimize piping and
conduit runs, incorporating prefabricated components and assemblies, utilizing
economical materials and employing new technology.
 Some ways in which productivity can be increased and costs minimized during
construction:
 Good work planning
 Carefully selecting and training workers and managers
 Efficiently scheduling labor, materials, and equipment
 Properly organizing work
 Using labor saving techniques, such as prefabrication and preassembly
 Minimizing rework through timely quality control
 Preventing accidents through good safety procedures
Elements of Construction Management
 Construction Manager-who may be a contractor, project manager,
superintendent or one of their representatives, manages the basic resources
of construction. These resources include workers and subcontractors,
equipment and construction plant, material, money (income, expenditure
and cash flow) and time.
 Skillful construction management results in project completion on time and
within budget.
 Poor construction management:
 Project delays that increase labor and equipment cost and cost of borrowed
funds.
 High material costs caused by poor purchasing procedures, inefficient handling,
and/or loss
 Increased subcontractor cost and poor contractor-subcontractor relations
 High insurance costs resulting from material and equipment loss or damage or a
poor safety record
 Low profit margin or a loss on construction volume
 While the principal objectives of every construction managers
should be to complete the project on time and within budget, has
a number of other important responsibilities.
 These include safety, worker morale, public and professional
relations, productivity improvement, innovation and improvement
of technology
 Quality Management (QM): QM includes such activities as
specification development, process control, product acceptance,
laboratory and technician certification, training and
communication.
 Quality Control (QC): which is a part of the quality management
process, is primarily concerned with the process control function.
Since the contractor has the greatest control over the
construction process.
 Quality Assurance (QA): QA include all aspects of producing and
accepting a construction project which meets all required quality
standards. QA inspections and tests performed by an owner’s
representative or government agency.
 Poor Quality Control will result increase cost and contractor
gaining poor reputation often leads to construction company
failure.
 Statistical Methods

 Ensuring that all elements of the work included in test samples

 Verifying that test samples taken by the contractor come from the
same population
 Analyzing the variations in the test results of materials and
processes sampled
 Establishing acceptable levels of variation in sample results
 Developing a payment schedule which rewards or penalizes the
contractor depending on the level of quality attained in the
constructed product.
Majority of Serious Construction Injuries
 Concrete construction, especially construction of formwork, placing
concrete into formwork, and failure of formwork during construction
 The erection of prefabricated trusses, precast concrete elements,
and structural steel
 The construction and operation of temporary facilities including
scaffolding, construction plants, lifts and storage facilities.
 Working from elevated positions resulting in falls.
 Construction equipment operations.
Construction managers should give special attention to the control
of the safety hazards . In the area of worker health, the major
environmental hazards to be encountered by construction workers
consists of noise, dust, radiation, toxic materials and extreme
temperatures.
 Organization for Construction
Owner

Engineering Construction

Project
Design Estimating Planning Scheduling
Manager

Business Engineering Equipment Purchasing Special staff Superintendent

Accounting Changes
Maintenances Expediting and Labor and Construction
Administration Cost and and operations Purchasing Safety forces
Payroll progress
 Reasons for Construction Company
Failure
 Lack of capital
 Poor cost estimating
 Inadequate cost accounting
 Lack of general management ability
 Construction Trends and Prospects

 Increasing international competition, rapid changes in technology,

the wide availability of information via the internet, increasing speed
and ease of communication and increasing governmental regulation
 These trends along with the increasing use of computers for design
and management.
 Problems of low productivity and high cost have served to reduce.
 In summary, the future of construction appears as dynamic as does
its past.
 An abundance of problems, challenges, opportunities and rewards
wait for those who choose to enter the construction.
 Thank You
for Your Attention