CAG 2013

TANAMAN BIJIRIN DAN BIJIAN

JAGUNG
BHG 4
 PRE-HARVEST MAIZE

1. Preharvest herbicide applications

 Should be made soon enough before harvest to allow sufficient time for dry-down of treated weeds.
Dry-down of weed vegetation may be slowed during periods of cool and wet weather. Contact
herbicides usually provide faster dry-down than translocated herbicides.
 In corn, glyphosate, paraquat, and some formulations of 2,4-D or premixes containing 2,4-D may be
applied to suppress/control weeds before harvest.

2. Pick corn at the milk stage

 The only way to really know if your sweet corn is ready to harvest is by pulling back part of the husk
and checking the kernels. If milk spurts out of a kernel of sweet corn when you press it with your
thumb, the corn is just right.
 If your fingernail punches into the kernel too easily, the corn is a little green yet. If you must press
pretty hard to penetrate the kernel, it is too old.
 Older ears can be left on the stalk to dry for cornmeal; for eating fresh and freezing, though, you will
probably want to pick at the milk stage.
 PRE-HARVEST EVALUATION CHECKLIST

1. Push Test
 Push on the stalk at ear height until reaching a 30 degree angle. This is testing the overall stalk
quality in search of any stalk rot issues or bruising on the stalk from hail damage. If the stalk
buckles or falls over split the stalk open and see if it is hollow or brittle inside. If so make a note
of it and make sure it’s on top of your harvest schedule. Stalks such as this will turn south quickly
and have major late season stalk issues.

2. Pinch Test
 Pinch the stalk from the base of the plant and work up the plant. The pinch test is used to find
crown rots. Crown rots have a gray water soak appearance and will be soft to the touch.

3. Check Stalk Rind Strength

 Take a knife and cut a corn plant a foot above the ground and at a 30 degree angle. Check the
diameter of the stalk rind shown below. The thicker the stalk rind the better for late season stalk
standability.

4. Look for Disease

• Rust - Small irregular rust looking spots that develops between the leaf veins.
• Eyespot - Oval to round tan colored spots that measure as big as a pin head. These tan coloredm
spots are surrounding by a brown halo. Eyespot is found from the silking stage to full maturity.
• Gray Leaf Spot -. Gray Leaf usually starts on the bottom leaves and works its way up the plant.
 Penuaian

Masa kutipan hasil :

68 - 75 hari selepas menanam .

●
Teknik kutipan hasil : 
Tongkol jagung dipetik dengan tangan yang
dilakukan pada pagi atau petang sahaja
 Penuaian

Ciri-ciri tongkol jagung matang

 Berumur 68 hingga 75 hari selepas tanam
 Rerambut menjadi kering dan berwarna coklat
tua
 Saiz tongkol yang besar
 Biji jagung yang menguning
 Pascatuai
Un tuk tujuan ini h asil yang
Tongkol jagung didapati
Melaui proses
dipungut, ini,, digred
dibersihkan suhu
Un tuk disimpan
boleh
Tongkoltujuan
jagunginididapati
h asil yang3
sehingga
dengan
Melauicepat
tongkol dan disejukkan
jagung
proses dapat
ini, suhu
dipungut,
minggu dibersihkan
pada suhu 3 -, 5digred
C
boleh disimpan sehingga
dengan
dengan
tanpa
merendam
diturunkan
tongkol jagung
cepat dan
menjejaskan
tongkol
kepadadapat 103 C.
disejukkan
dalam
minggu
dengan air padasuhu
pada
merendam 3mutu
suhutongkol
1--53CC .
diturunkan
tanpa kepada
menjejaskan mutu 10 C.
dalam air pada suhu 1 - 3 C .

Tong
Tong
kol
kol
yang
yang
disej
disej
ukka
ukka
n
n
diba
diba
lut
lut
dala
dala
m
m
file
file
m
m
poli
poli
etile
etile
na
na
atau
atau
dim
dim
asuk
asuk
kan
kan
ke
ke
dala
dala
m
m
beg
beg
poli
poli
etile
etile
na
na
yang
yang
berl
berl
uba
uba
ng
ng
dan
dan
disi
disi
mpa
mpa
n
n
dala
dala
m
m
bilik
bilik
seju
seju
kk
pad
pad
aa
suh
suh
u
u00 --
1
1CC
 Rajah menunjukkan
graf kehilangan
kemanisan buah
jagung.

Antara buah jagung yang berada dalam

keadaan segar kerana teknik
pengendalian lupas tuai yang baik.
 Rajah menunjukkan
graf kehilangan
kemanisan buah
jagung.

Rajah Antara buah

menunjukkan jagungkemanisan
graf kehilangan yang berada dalam
buah jagung
keadaan segar kerana teknik
pengendalian lupas tuai yang baik.