GURU GHASIDAS VISHWAVIDYALAYA

BILASPUR, (C.G.)

Academic session :- 2019-2020

REPORT PRESENTED BY :-
NISHTHA AWASTHI
B.Sc. FORESTRY 8th SEMESTER
ROLL NO. :- 16007136
ENROLLMENT NO. :- GGV/16/6243

DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY, WILDLIFE & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

 CONTENTS

1. Overview of Socio Economic Survey.

2. Overview of Sericulture Training.
3. Overview of Forest Attachment Report.
 SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY

Socio-economic survey is an assessment between the social and economic habits of the society.
Socio-economic links the financial and social issues together.
These surveys are designed to collect information regarding available local resources, resource use and
management system and relative importance of resources for households and villages.

cultural reality
of an area
Selection

of rural life
To know economic

To know
Developing
background and
questionnaires
living standard of the
And data collection village

Methodolo Objective
gy of
of survey
Survey

To know about agriculture,

communication, education
and health and hygiene of

livestock, transportation,
policy of the village

the village
and presentation

environment and government

Data collection

past and present social

infrastructure, status of women ,
assessment To know about various

Criteria for
 GENERAL PROFILE OF VILLAGE
Literacy rate
Name of Village Bijaur

Block/Tehsil Bilaspur Male

41% Female
District Bilaspur
State Chhattisgarh 59%

Area 266.52 Hectares

Language Chhattisgarhi, Hindi

Parshad (Councilor) Ahilya Verma

Social structure
2%

Patwari(Government accountant) Ashok Jaiswal Schedule Caste {SC}

Backward Caste
(OBC)
General {Gen.}
48% 50% Schedule Tribe {ST}
Total Household 326 (Acc. To 2011 Census)

Total Population 1586 (Acc. To 2011 Census)

Population
Total voters 1300 (approx)
Assembly Constituency Beltara
Male
44% Female
Parliamentary Constituency Bilaspur 56%
BASIC RURAL INFRASTRUCTURES

 Houses - 2 patterns of houses were found, Kaccha and Pucca houses.

 School - 2 Government schools ( 1 primary and 1 secondary) and
1 aganwadi.
 Fair price shops - 4 shops.
 Roads - Well constructed one way RCC road and kacchi road.
 Electricty - Most of the houses were electrified.
 Communication – All network connectivity.
 Defecation - Public and private toilet.
 Water resource - 14 handpump , 3 ponds and private connections.
 Cultural place – 1 Temple
 Community hall – 1 Samudayik Bhavan.

Defecation status Source of water

10%
16% Private water
21% connection
Private
Community Community water
50% tap
Open
40% Public hand pump
33% Bore well and ponds
30%
 Level of Income
8%
0K- 50K Financial condition of the village is moderate
15% 50K- 100K Most of the population belongs to BPL.
100K- 150K
15%
Few handicapped people receive a particular amount
62% Above 150K

from government for their livelihood generation.

Poverty Status
BPL (Below Poverty Line) :- The people whose
income is below this threshold income are considered
29% poor or below poverty line.
APL ( Above Poverty Line) :- It is a measure of
APL
BPL
person who live above its nationally designated poverty
71% threshold. People must meet higher income minimums to
be considered above poverty line

Types of Occupation
4% 2%
Farmer  Agriculture is the primary occupation in the
Labour
Job
village.
45%
Other Apart from it half of the people are agriculture
49%
an non agriculture labours
 Very few have settled with private jobs
GOVERNMENT SCHEMES STATUS OF WOMEN
Swachh Bharat Mission. Participation in Politics
 Pradhan Mantri jan dhan yojna. Agriculture
 PM Yujjwala yojna. Land
PM awas yojna. Labour
 Sarawwati cycle yojna. Education
 Atal pension yojna. Decision making
 Pradhan Mnatri Fasal Bima Yojna. Control over finance
Pradhan Mantri Rojgaar Protsahan Yojna

PROBLEMS OF THE VILLAGE

The medical and health facility of the village is poor.
SUGGESTIONS
Water shortage is a major problem present there in
The urgent requirement of a Government Hospital.
summer season.
 Afforestation and reforestation.
The cropping pattern is traditional and non-scientific.
The ponds can be utilized in much more effective way
Village is having very poor drainage system.
which can reduce the water problem of village.
No proper local market facility is available in the village.
Encouragement and promotion of villagers especially
Unemployment is also a major problem of village.
women in forming self-help group or small scale
No basic facilities of public transport, security, ATM’s
industries.
etc.
 Need of government proper benefit of schemes,
Majority of people have complained about the corruption
scientific agriculture practice.
pervaded in the village in allotment of various schemes.
 Effective rural planning.
 SERICULTURE
 Sericulture is the production of raw silk by raising silk worms.
 Sericutlure has become an important cottage industry in countries such as Brazil, China, France,
India, Itly, Japan, Korea and Russia.
 China is the world’s single biggest producer and chief supplier of silk to the world market. India
is the world’s second largest producer.
 Karnataka is the largest producer of silk in India
 It is an agro based industry comprising three main components:-

Cultivatio Rearing Reeling

n of food and
plants of of silk spinning
the worms worms, of silk
SILK AND SILKWORM
Silk is a fibrous protein by the silkworm for spinning cocoon provides protection to the soft delicate
worm during its pupal life.Silk producing insects are commonly referred to as serigenous insects
 not a va
thrives on asan and arjun

MULBER
Secreated by
which feed
leaves (Mor
(Terminalia species)

TYPES OF
SILK

MUNGA:- Secreated by
Antheraea assama which
bombycina) and s uala
feed on som (Persia
(Litsea ployantha)
leaves
which feed on Castor
by Samia cynthia ricini
ERI SILK :- Secreated

OPPORTUNITIES
1. Play an important role in employment generation
2. Profitable activities in rural sector
3. Regular and quick return
4. strong domestic demand
5. Availability of indigenous technology at low cost
LIFE CYCLE OF SILKWORM AND REARING TECHNOLOGY

REARING OF
SILKWORMS
1) Cultivation of desired
crop
2) Selection of silkworm
• Preparation of feed bed
and feeding
• Bed cleaning
• Spacing
• Mounting
• Harvesting of cocoon
2) Silkworm seed
production
3) Grainage
REELING OF SILK
1) Harvesting
2) Reeling
• Cocoon drying
• Cocoon boiling
• Brushing
• Reeling
 MAJOR DISEASE AND PEST OF SILKWORM
DISEASE
1. PEBRINE- Protozoan (Nocema
bombycis) produce pepper like
spots on body, and larvae
becomes wrinkled skinned and
sluggish.
2. FLACHERIE:- Bacterium
(Bacillus thuringensis) causes
puttrification of body and body
becoms black green.
3. MUSCARDINE:- Fungus
(Beauveria bassiana) causes
white muscardine in humid
condition, while Spicaria
parssina cxause
green muscardine. Iscari
farinose cause yellow
muscardine. Hyphae come out
from intersegmental membrane
all over the body of the larvae.
4. GLASSERIE:- Borrelina virus
causes swelling of segment and
skin rupture.
PEST
1. UZI FLIES:- Tricholyga
bombycis ; young maggots
bore into the body of
silkworm
and live in and eat fat body
for about a weak, causing
the death.
2. DERMASTID
BEETLES:- Dermestes
cadeverinus larvae and
adults feed on cocoons.
3. OTHER PREDATORS:-
It include ants, lizards,
rats, squirrels, birds etc
ACTIVITIES UNDER TAKEN DURING FIELD VISIT

PRUNING
BED CLEANING

LIME WASHING

COLLECTION AND
DECOMPOSITION

FEEDING TO
MULBERRY
SILKWORM
FOREST IN CHHATTISGARH
Forest area of State approx 59,772 square kilometers, which is 44.21 percent of the state's
geographical area.
Third rank in the country In terms of forest covers.
Forests of Chhattisgarh state divided into two major categories, namely Tropical Humid
Deciduous forest and tropical dry Deciduous forest. The state's two main tree species are sal
(Shorea robusta) and teak (Tectona grandis).
Livelihoods depend on mainly on forests. In addition, a large number of non-tribal,
landless AND economically disadvantaged communities are dependent on forests.

FOREST COVER OF CG CG FOREST DEPARTMENT

The organizational structure of the Chhattisgarh forest department
5% Very dense forest Moderately dense covers different wings (about 19) at the Headquarter, 6 field
24% forest circles and 45 territorial, wild life and other functional divisions.
59% Open forest Scrub
The various circle offices are at the following places-
12% Non forest
0% 1. Durg 2. Jagdalpur 3.Bilaspur 4. Kanker
5.Sarguja 6. Raipur

MANAGEMENT OF STATE FOREST

No forest should be permitted to be worked without a duly approved working/management plan,
which should be in a prescribed format and in keeping with the State Forest Policy and the principles of
sustainable forest management.
No exotic species should be introduced, through public or private sources.
Joint forest management (JFM) practices should form the basis of forest management in the state.
 Establishment of protected areas.
special treatment of ecotone sal forests and the restoration of the degraded bamboo forests as well as
the maintenance of good bamboo forests should be the state's priority.
 Nedd of Afforestation, Social Forestry & Farm Forestry.
WILD LIFE MANAGEMENT IN ACHANAKMAR TIGER RESERVE
ACHANAKMAR TIGER RESERVE is situated in Chattisgarh, around 60 kms from Bilaspur.
Categorised as a tropical deciduous forest.
This tiger reserve is a part of the huge ACHANAKMAR-AMARKANTAK Biosphere Reserve.
The ACHANAKMAR Wildlife Sanctuary was established in the Mungeli district in 1975, under the Indian Wildlife
Protection Act and its provisions.
 It was declared a Tiger Reserve under the Project Tiger initiative of 2009.
The vegetation consists of thick dense lush green forest of sal, dhawara, bamboo, saja, lendia, tinsa, bija, khamar,
haldu and teak plantations. On climbing to higher altitudes, other species of flora can be seen.
 Hyena, leopard, wild dog, bison, four horned antelope, flying fox, barking deer, Tiger blackbuck, jackal, mouse deer,
sambhar, spotted deer, langur, wild boar, nilgai, macaque, wild cat, gaur, sloth bear, porcupine, Indian giant squirrel,
chital, chinkara, wild pig and flying squirrel are the common fauna that thrive in this sanctuary. Also, it is home to
different species of butterflies and migratory birds.

WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES:

 Water management.
Grassland management.
 Fire management.
M-STrIPES, short for Monitoring System for Tigers - Intensive Protection and Ecological Status is a
software-based
monitoring system launched across Indian tiger reserves by the Indian government's National Tiger
Conservation
Authority (NTCA) in 2010. 
Habitat management (Food, water,cover,space).
BILASPUR
Bilaspur city is about 400 years old and the name of
“Bilaspur” is named after the Fisher-woman named
“Bilasa”. FOREST TYPES IN BILASPUR
 Physiographically the Bilaspur district can be divided Northern tropical moist Sal forest.
into two parts. The first part consists high plateau area Northern deciduous tropical moist mixed forests.
covering north and central part of the district and the Forests Salai.
second part is the gently slopping plain land covering Khair Sissu Forests.
southern parts of the district. Bamboo Forests.
The hill ranges on the northwestern boundary of the
district forms part of the Amarkantak ranges.
The district is covered by red gravely soils, red sandy
soils, lateritic soils, red and yellow soils and black soils

DIFFERENT TREES SPECIES OF FOREST OF
BILASPUR
Important species found our Terminalia crenulata (saja),
Pterocarpus marsupium( bija), Terminalia chebula
( harra),  Terminalia bellerica ( bahera), madhuca latifolia
(mahua), Zizyphus and other species.
 Salai comprises about 50% of the crop and at some
places it forms almost pure crop over large areas.
 Only species of bamboo occurring in this district is
Dendrocalamus strictus in Association
with Salai.
FOREST MANAGEMENT
 To meet the general objective of the forest management
the forest in this district have been functionally classified as
under: 
1. Protected forests.
This class include all the areas with steep and precipitous
slope in need of soil conservation and watershed
management.
2. Social forests.
This class includes all those Areas where main objective is to
meet Bonafide domestic needs of the local community.
3. Commercial forests.
This class includes those area where production of timber,
firewood, bamboos and fodder etc. On a sustained basis is
the main object of the management.
FOREST PRODUCES IN CHHATTISGARH
The forest products can be generally divided into two
parts viz. Major Forest Produce and Minor Forest
Products.
The Major Forest Products comprise Pulpwood,
Sandalwood, Social Forestry that incudes Fuel and
Timber.
The Minor Forest Products include the items such as
tamarind, curry leaf, Tendu Patta, gallnut, Cane,
Soapnut, tree moss and now Bamboo also.
MINOR FOREST PRODUCES
Minor Forest produce are various forest species in
the form of fruits, seeds, leaves, barks, roots, flower
and grasses etc. including entire plant of medicinal
herbs/shrubs.
The forest of C.G are very rich in these MFP .
Nationalised forest produces - Tendu Leaves, Sal
seed, Harra and Gums- Kullu, Dhawda, Babul,
Khair
Non nationalised forest produces - Sal Seed, Imli,
Mahua, Lac, Kosa Chironjee Baibarring, Vanjeera,
Kalmegh, Aonla etc.
MAJOR FOREST PRODUCE
In C.G the two major timber producing species are Sal
(Shorea robusta) and Teak (Tectona grandis).
Other major species are Bija (Pterocarpus marsupium),
Saja (Terminalia tomentosa), Dhavdha (Anogeissus
latifolia), Mahua (Madhuca indica), Tendu (Diospyros
melanoxylon).
 Selling of timber starts from the measuring of wood log
at depot and then auction by forest department.
COLLECTION AND TRADING OF MFPs
The villagers collect the forest produce from forest areas and sell
in the local ‘haat bazars’ or to the petty traders in the nearest town.
Some petty traders purchase the forest produce from the
villagers.
 The produce collected by the petty traders or agents of main
traders is graded / primarily processed.
 The graded / primarily processed material is sold in nearby
mandis or to the main traders at Jagdalpur, Bilaspur, Dhamtari and
Raipur markets in Chhattisgarh.
The main markets outside the state for the forest produce of
Chhattisgarh are in Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya
Pradesh, West Bengal, Tamilnadu and Andhra Pradesh states.
ISFR REPORT 2019
• About the Indian State of Forest Report (ISFR):
• India State of Forest Report (ISFR) is a biennial publication of Forest Survey of India (FSI) an organization under the Ministry of
Environment Forest & Climate change.
• The India State of Forest Report (ISFR) assesses the forest and tree cover, bamboo resources, carbon stock and forest fires.
• Largest forest cover-
• Area-wise Madhya Pradesh has the largest forest cover in the country followed by Arunachal Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Odisha and
Maharashtra.
• The top five states in terms of increase in forest cover are Karnataka (1,025 sq km), Andhra Pradesh (990 sq km), Kerala (823 sq km),
Jammu & Kashmir (371 sq km) and Himachal Pradesh (334 sq km). 
• The total Forest and Tree Cover of the country is 8,07,276 sq km which is 24.56% of the geographical area of the country
• Decrease of Forest cover in NE areas-
• The report shows a decrease of forest cover to the extent of 765 sq km (0.45%) in the region. Except for Assam and Tripura, all the
States in the region show a decrease in forest cover. 
• Carbon stock-
• The total carbon stock in the forest is estimated as 7,124.6 million tonnes. There is an increase of 42.6 million tonnes in the carbon
stock of the country as compared to the last assessment of 2017. 
• Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) represents the largest pool of carbon stock in forests, which has been estimated at 4,004 million tonnes.
The SOC contributes 56% to the total forest carbon stock of the country. 
• Forest cover in Tribal areas-
• The total forest cover in the tribal districts is 4,22,351 sq km.The current assessment shows a decrease of 741 sq km of forest coverin
the tribal districts and an increase of 1,922 sq km outside. 
• There has been a decline in tree cover inside forests due to tribal populations getting “land titles” (patta) and there has been a rise in
trees outside the forest area due to an increase in tree plantation and afforestation activities.
• Status of Bamboo grown area-
• There is an increase of 3,229 sq km in the bamboo bearing area as compared to the estimate of ISFR 2017.
THANK YOU