EDM 614: TECHNOLOGY AND EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT

PARADIGM SHIFTS IN E-LEARNING:

FROM WEB-BASED LEARNING TO
CONTEXT-AWARE UBIQUITOUS
LEARNING
(GWO-JEN HWANG)

SIERTE, ERLINDA C.
PHD EDM STUDENT,
DISCUSSANT
 OBJECTIVES:
.
1. GET DEEPER INSIGHTS ON UBIQUITOUS
LEARNING ;
2. TO ADDRESS HOW THE E-LEARNING HAS BEEN AFFECTED BY
THE EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
 INTRODUCTION
.
MAKING LEARNING SYSTEMS SMART HAS BEEN THE
OBJECTIVE OF MANY RESEARCHERS IN BOTH THE FIELDS OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND EDUCATION. SINCE THE EARLY 1980S,
RESEARCHERS HAVE DEVELOPED INTELLIGENT TUTORING
SYSTEMS (ITSS) THAT INCORPORATE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
TECHNIQUES IN EDUCATIONAL APPLICATIONS (MARTENS AND
UHRMACHER [2002]; VAN SETERS ET AL. [2012]).
 .
AS THE AIM OF DEVELOPING ITSS IS TO SUPPORT
INDIVIDUAL STUDENTS TO LEARN BY ADAPTING THE LEARNING
INTERFACES OR MATERIALS BASED ON THEIR NEEDS, ITSS ARE
ALSO CALLED “ADAPTIVE LEARNING SYSTEMS” (GRAF ET AL.
[2010]; KINSHUK AND LIN [2003]).

MOREOVER, ALONG WITH THE POPULARITY OF COMPUTER

NETWORKS AND THE WORLD WIDE WEB, MANY LEARNING
SYSTEMS HAVE BEEN IMPLEMENTED IN THE FORM OF WEB-
BASED LEARNING SYSTEMS (KARAMPIPERIS AND SAMPSON
[2005]).

.
DIGITAL LEARNING, SUCH AS WEB-BASED LEARNING AND
COMPUTER-ASSISTED LEARNING, HAS BEEN RECOGNIZED AS
BEING AN EFFECTIVE LEARNING CHANNEL THAT PROVIDES
RICH AND DIVERSE CONTENT, EDUCATORS HAVE EMPHASIZED
THE IMPORTANCE AND NECESSITY OF CONDUCTING
“AUTHENTIC ACTIVITIES”TO IN WHICH STUDENTS CAN WORK
WITH PROBLEMS FROM THE REAL WORLD.

RECENT PROGRESS IN COMPUTER, WIRELESS

COMMUNICATION AND SENSING TECHNOLOGIES HAS
PROVIDED OPPORTUNITIES TO CONDUCT AUTHENTIC
LEARNING ACTIVITIES IN THE REAL WORLD WITH SUPPORTS
FROM DIGITAL SYSTEMS.
 .
 SUCH A NEW DEVELOPMENT OF
TECHNOLOGY-ENHANCED LEARNING HAS
BEEN CALLED CONTEXT-AWARE
UBIQUITOUS LEARNING BY RESEARCHERS,
AND SHIFTS THE LEARNING PARADIGM
FROM VIRTUAL TO AUTHENTIC CONTEXTS.
 .

 IN SUCH AN INNOVATIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT, THE LEARNING

SYSTEM IS ABLE TO SENSE THE REAL-WORLD SITUATION OF THE
LEARNERS, INTERACT WITH THEM AND PROVIDE THEM WITH
ADAPTIVE SUPPORTS ACCORDINGLY.
.
 .
 A CONTEXT-AWARE UBIQUITOUS
(U)-LEARNING CASE IS PRESENTED
TO DEMONSTRATE HOW IT CAN BE
USED IN REAL-LIFE CONTEXTS.
YANG AND CO-RESEARCHERS
IDENTIFY EIGHT MAJOR
CHARACTERISTICS OF CONTEXT-
AWARE U-LEARNING, NAMELY:
MOBILITY, LOCATION,
INTEROPERABILITY, SEAMLESSNESS,
SITUATION AWARENESS, SOCIAL
AWARENESS, ADAPTABILITY AND
PERVASIVENESS.
 .
 EACH STUDENT HAS A HANDHELD MOBILE DEVICE
EQUIPPED WITH AN RFID READER. IN THE LEARNING
AREA, WIRELESS COMMUNICATION IS PROVIDED, SO
THAT THE MOBILE DEVICE CAN COMMUNICATE WITH
A COMPUTER SERVER.

AS A STUDENT MOVES AROUND THE LEARNING

AREA, THE SYSTEM CAN DETECT THEIR LOCATION BY
READING AND ANALYZING THE DATA FROM THE
NEAREST RFID TAG. IF THE STUDENT FAILS TO
CORRECTLY IDENTIFY SOME FEATURE OF THE PLANT,
THE TEST SYSTEM WILL GUIDE THE STUDENT TO
IDENTIFY IT.
.
.
 The rapid progress of
mobile, wireless
communication and
sensing technologies has
enabled the development
of context-aware
ubiquitous learning (u-
learning) environments,
which are able to detect
the real-world learning
status of students as well
as the environmental
contexts.
 HOWEVER,
Accordingly, appropriate
information can be
provided to individual
students in the right place
and at the right time.
researchers have
indicated that,
to support students to
learn in real-world
contexts in smart ways,
more factors need to be
taken into account when
designing
and developing learning
systems.
 INTELLIGENT
TUTORING AND
An intelligent tutoring ADAPTIVE
system or an adaptive LEARNING
learning system is developed
for supporting students to Context-aware
probe and acquire knowledge ubiquitous learning
based on their learning status
and personal factors, such as Computer mindtools
learning progress, knowledge
levels, learning styles,
Definition, criteria and
cognitive styles and framework of a smart
preferences (Mampadi, Chen, Ghinea, learning environment
and Chen [2011]; Papanikolaou,
Grigoriadou, Magoulas, and Kornilakis Framework of a smart
[2002]; Yang et al. [2013a learning environment.
 INTELLIGENT
TUTORING AND
An intelligent tutoring ADAPTIVE
system or an adaptive LEARNING
learning system is developed
for supporting students to researchers have
probe and acquire knowledge indicated that,
based on their learning status
and personal factors, such as to support students to
learn in real-world
learning progress, knowledge contexts in smart ways,
levels, learning styles,
more factors need to be
cognitive styles and taken into account when
preferences (Mampadi, Chen, Ghinea, designing
and Chen [2011]; Papanikolaou,
Grigoriadou, Magoulas, and Kornilakis and developing learning
[2002]; Yang et al. [2013a systems.
 RESEARCH
ISSUES OF SMART
LEARNING

Development of implementation frameworks of smart learning

environments: The rapid advancement of digital technologies…

Interpretations and examination of existing pedagogical

theories for smart learning environments…

More factors need to be taken into account when

designing…

Innovative applications of learning and training in the

new learning mode…
EDUCATIONAL
IMPLICATIONS
• EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS
Learning behavior and
learning pattern analysis: Having
an in-depth understanding of
learners’ behaviors and learning
patterns in the integrated real-
world and virtual-world
environments is helpful to
researchers and educators in
developing more effective
learning tools and strategies.
• EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS

As a smart learning
environment is capable of
recording every detail of the
students’ learning behaviors, it
provides a good opportunity for
researchers to acquire valuable and
detailed information via analyzing
these behaviors.
• EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS

More importantly, long-term

observations and analysis of
learning behaviors could be
conducted such that researchers
are able to know more about the
social impacts of the new
educational technology.
Conclusions

The presence and advancement

of new computer, communication
and sensing technologies have
offered great and exciting
opportunities to develop new
learning environments.
Conclusions

Smart learning is such a new

concept for developing more
powerful and helpful learning
environments than existing
technology-enhanced learning
approaches by incorporating new
technologies and new criteria for
learning.
 References:
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